Ingenieria y Ciencia最新文献

{"title":"Pore Structure Characteristics and Gas Storage Potential of the Cretaceous La Luna Formation, Middle Magdalena Valley Basin, Colombia","authors":"Efraín Casadiego-Quintero, C. Ríos-Reyes","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.8","url":null,"abstract":"The rocks of interest in the present study (mudstones) show inherently a heterogeneous pore-size distribution in the matrix. They can present organic and inorganic pores and the transport mechanism through pores is different, and, therefore, it is necessary to describe their organic and inorganic porosity. This work uses different microscopy techniques to characterize mudstones from the Galembo Member of the Cretaceous La Luna Formation, Middle Magdalena Valley Basin, Colombia. These rocks present several pore types, including interparticle pores due to flocculation of clay minerals, organoporosity due to burial and thermal maturity, intraparticle pores from organisms, intraparticle pores within mineral grains, and microchannels and microfractures. The existence of interconnected pores in such complex fracture-pore system provides effective pathways for primary gas migration and it also provides a storage space for the residual hydrocarbon in mudstones, which is important for the primary migration and storage in gas reservoir rocks. The pore connectivity is high and increases towards the top of the sedimentary sequence.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42367534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a Low Cost Control System for an Astronomical Observatory","authors":"P. Cuartas-Restrepo, N. Gaviria-Gómez, Julian Galvez-Serna","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.5","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn este articulo se expone el proceso de ingenieria llevado a cabo para el diseno de un sistema de control de bajo costo para un observatorio astronomico. En el articulo se describe la implementacion para adaptar el equipo del observatorio a un Sistema de Control Maestro (SCM) y poder utilizarlo a distancia. Tambien sedescriben los instrumentos y programas informaticos necesarios para la integracion del equipo como parte de un observatorio robotico. EnglishThis work shows the engineering process carried out for the design of a low cost control system for an astronomical observatory. The work describes the implementation to adapt the equipment of the observatory to a Master Control System (MCS) and be able to use it remotely. The instruments and software required for the integration of the equipment as part of a robotic observatory are also described.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"16 1","pages":"103-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42444288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Kinetic Parameters in the Biosorption of Chromium (VI) in Aqueous Solution","authors":"C. Tejada-Tovar, Á. Villabona-Ortíz, R. Ortega-Toro","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.6","url":null,"abstract":"he contamination of aquatic bodies by heavy metals is a growing environmental problem, making more critical the study and development of new technologies and materials that can be used for the removal of this type of pollutants. Thus, adsorption arises using residual materials as a sustainable alternative for the solution to this problem. In the present study, the use of plantain peels in the adsorption of Cr (VI) in a batch system is proposed, establishing the kinetics of the process at different temperature conditions, particle size and amount of adsorbent. The fit of the data was done using the theoretical models of pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and Elovich. From the data, it is established that the pseudo-second-order and Elovich models show a better adjustment, so that the adsorption in the material occurs on two adsorption sites and that such process is related to chemical adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cr (VI) was found at a condition of 0.0306 g, 0.6775 mm and 55°C at a time of 420 min establishing the efficient use of plantain peels for the removal of the ion metallic in the studio.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49428715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelamiento de la disponibilidad de una estructura en serie reparable con dos unidades","authors":"Liliana Rodríguez-Figueredo, Álvaro Calvache-Archila","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.3","url":null,"abstract":"espanolCuando se tiene una estructura con dos componentes dispuestas en serie y en donde cada una de ellas tiene un tiempo de vida que se distribuye exponencialmente, y ademas las componentes son reparables, se establece un proceso de renovacion, en el cual para que la estructura este operando se requiere que ambas componentes esten en funcionamiento. Este proceso de renovacion tiene un comportamiento semimarkoviano y se demuestra que, a partir de este, su funcion de disponibilidad es una de las incognitas de un sistema de ecuaciones integrales, que se resuelve usando un metodo numerico disenado para tal fin. Lo novedoso de este articulo es que se considera un proceso cuyo espacio de estados incluye el tiempo de reparacion, lo cual es de utilidad en aplicaciones de ingenieria. EnglishWhen there is a structure with two serial components where each one owns a life time that is distributed exponentially and both of the components are repairable, it is established a renovation process, in which both components need to be working in order for the operation of the structure. It is observed that the renovation process evidences a semimarkovian behavior and it is shown that through this one, its availability function is one of the inquiries of a system of integral equations that is solved by a numerical method designed for that purpose. The novelty in this article is that it is considered a process whose state space includes repair time, which is useful in engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"16 1","pages":"53-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42606769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Notions of Center, Commutator and Inner Isomorphism for Groupoids","authors":"J. Ávila, Víctor Marín","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.1","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we introduce some algebraic properties of subgroupoids and normal subgroupoids. we define other things, we define the normalizer of a wide subgroupoid H of a groupoid G and show that, as in the case of groups, this normalizer is the greatest wide subgroupoid of G in which H is normal. Furthermore, we provide definitions of the center Z(G) and the commutator G' of the groupoid G and prove that both of them are normal subgroupoids. We give the notions of inner and partial isomorphism of G and show that the groupoid I(G) given by the set of all the inner isomorphisms of G is a normal subgroupoid of A(G), the set of all the partial isomorphisms of G. Moreover, we prove that I(G) is isomorphic to the quotient groupoid G/Z(G), which extends to groupoids the corresponding well-known result for groups.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43884968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey on Some Algebraic Characterizations of Hilbert’s Nullstellensatz for Non-commutative Rings of Polynomial Type","authors":"A. Reyes, Jason Hernández-Mogollón","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.2","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn este articulo presentamos un estudio sobre algunas caracterizaciones algebraicas del teorema de Nullstellensatz de Hilbert para anillos no conmutativos de tipo polinomial. Utilizando varios resultados establecidos en la literatura, obtuvimos una version de este teorema para las extensiones de Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt. Una vez hecho esto, ilustramos el Nullstellensatz con ejemplos que aparecen en la teoria de los anillos no conmutativa y en la geometria algebraica no conmutativa. EnglishIn this paper we present a survey of some algebraic characterizations of Hilbert’s Nullstellensatz for non-commutative rings of polynomial type. Using several results established in the literature, we obtain a version of this theorem for the skew Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt extensions. Once this is done, we illustrate the Nullstellensatz with examples appearing in noncommutative ring theory and non-commutative algebraic geometry.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"16 1","pages":"27-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43868540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlación de variables morfométricas para deslizamientos en la cuenca del río Combeima, Colombia","authors":"Gabriel Santa-Ramírez, J. Cuevas-González, J. Leal-Villamíl, J. Muñoz-Ramos","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.16.31.7","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn la cuenca del rio Combeima (Tolima, Colombia), se desarrollo un estudio con el fin de estimar las variables morfometricas de los deslizamientos encontrados y obtener posibles correlaciones estadisticas entre ellas. Para obtener las caracteristicas morfometricas de los deslizamientos se empleo una base de datos con deslizamientos historicos, una imagen RapidEye del ano 2010 y un ortofotomosaico del ano 2009, en donde se identificaron visualmente los deslizamientos. Las caracteristicas morfometricas fueron definidas a traves de un sistema de informacion geografico y se realizaron analisis bivariados entre las variables morfometricas para establecer sus correlaciones. Los resultados permitieron identificar 121 deslizamientos, con area promedio de 1,974.97 m2 y distribucion tipo Birnbaum-Saunders. Se encontro que la variable morfometrica area de deslizamiento se correlaciona con la longitud total (R2=0.9414), la longitud de linea central (R2=0.9368) y el ancho de la superficie de ruptura (R2=0.8915) de este, y podria usarse para inferir el volumen de la masa involucrada en el evento y sus efectos potenciales. Este resultado permitiria usar el area de los deslizamientos como apoyo en la toma de decision en la planificacion del territorio en la cuenca del rio Combeima. EnglishThis study was carried out in order to estimate the morphometric variables of the landslides found in Combeima river basin (Tolima, Colombia) and obtain possible statistical correlations. To obtain the morphometric characteristics of the landslides, we used a database with historical landslides, a RapidEye image from 2010 and an orthophotomosaic from 2009, where the landslides were visually identified. The morphometric characteristics were defined through a geographic information system and bivariate analyzes were ran between the morphometric variables to establish their correlations. The results allowed to identify 121 landslides, with an average area of 1,974.97 m2 and Birnbaum-Saunders type distribution. It was found that the slip area morphometric variable correlates with the total length (R2=0.9414), the length of the center line (R2=0.9368) and the width of the surface of rupture of this (R2=0.8915). These data could be used to infer the volume of the mass involved in the event and its potential effects . This result would allow the landslide area to be used as support in decision-making in the planning of the territory in the Combeima river basin.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"16 1","pages":"145-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44300142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medición de la conductividad térmica en materiales aislantes bajo régimen de flujo de calor no estacionario","authors":"Cristian Daza Mafioli, Euler Eugenio Coral Escobar, Jairo Plaza Castillo","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.5","url":null,"abstract":"espanolSe desarrollo un dispositivo para medir la conductividad termica en materiales solidos para aislamiento termico de uso comun en edificaciones, siguiendo un modelo unidimensional de flujo de calor que atraviesa una placa del material a evaluar. Se mide el gradiente de temperatura entre las caras de la placa en funcion del tiempo, usando un arreglo diferencial de termopares tipo T. Para el control de los mecanismos del instrumento, la adquisicion y tratamiento de los datos, se diseno un circuito con microcontroladores comerciales. En ensayos previos con algunos materiales se obtuvieron valores la conductividad termica similares a los reportados en la literatura utilizando un ajuste lineal con valores de R entre 0.90 y 0.98. El dispositivo obtenido representa un instrumento util para la medicion de la conductividad termica, destacando entre sus ventajas: la facil construccion, el tamano de las muestras a evaluar y el metodo de medida, comparado con los metodos tradicionales para medir este parametro. EnglishA device to measure thermal conductivity in thermal insulating solid materials commonly used in buildings was developed following a one-dimensional model of heat flow through a plate of the material to be evaluated. The temperature gradient between the plate faces was measured as a function of time by means of a set of type T thermocouples. A circuit with commercial microcontrollers was designed to control the instrument’s mechanisms, the acquisition and the treatment of data. In preliminary tests with some materials, thermal conductivity values similar to those reported in the literature were obtained by using a linear adjustment with R values between 0.90 and 0.98. This device turns out to be a good instrument for measuring thermal conductivity because it has several advantages, such as: easy implementation, sample size, measurement method; compared to those using traditional methods.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"15 1","pages":"101-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47780770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelo geométrico tridimensional para macizos rocosos a partir de fotografías y el programa Octave: Cantera Santa Rita, Medellín, Colombia","authors":"Ludger O. Suarez-Burgoa, Alvaro J. Castro-Caicedo","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.2","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl presente articulo expone el procedimiento para lograr el modelo geometrico tridimensional de un macizo rocoso a partir de un par de tomas fotograficas hechas con una camara corriente, uso de software libre/abierto como Octave y otras librerias libres, construccion de equipos y herramientas sencillos y la apropiacion de conocimientos importantes en vision artificial. Se describe tomando como ejemplo el modelo tridimensional de un corte de voladura del macizo rocoso de la Cantera Santa Rita, localizada al sudoeste de la ciudad de Medellin (Colombia). Finalmente, se muestra mediante una validacion, a partir de medidas de campo in situ, que el procedimiento descrito aqui es promisorio para que pueda instaurarse como una herramienta para la caracterizacion geometrica de discontinuidades de los macizos rocosos. EnglishThe present article exposes the procedure to achieve the three-dimensional geometric model of a rock mass from a pair of photographic shots made with a current camera, use of free/open software such as Octave and other free libraries, construction of equipment and simple tools and the appropriation of important knowledge in artificial vision. It is described taking as an example the three-dimensional model of a blast cut of the rock mass of the Santa Rita Quarry, located southwest of the city of Medellin (Colombia). Finally, it is shown by a validation, based on field measurements, that the procedure described here is promising so that it can be established as a tool for the geometric characterization of discontinuities of rock mass.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"15 1","pages":"33-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46945244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Constants Correlation from van der Waals Equation","authors":"Mario Alberto Martínez Vitela, Jesús Gracia Fadrique","doi":"10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.15.30.4","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa ecuacion de estado cubica de van der Waals en la condicion critica se reduce a una funcion lineal (en coordenadas Vc frente a Tc /Pc ) con un parametro de ajuste. Se muestra que en el punto critico, la constante Vc = 3Vo debe efectivamente descartarse como hizo van der Waals, no asi con la constante atractiva α = Pc Vc2. Los valores seleccionados de Tc, Pc, Vc compilados por Ihmels se enfocaron en probar la calidad de varias ecuaciones empiricas renombradas que relacionan condiciones criticas. En este articulo se muestra que la correlacion de constantes critica obtenida es una forma general de estas expresiones empiricas propuestas por Young, Meissner, Bird, Grigoras e Ihmels. Se propone una funcion para la compresibilidad critica, unica por familia homologa. El volumen critico Vc y la relacion Tc /Pc se expresa en funcion de contribucion de grupos. EnglishThe cubic van der Waals equation of state at the critical condition is reduced to a linear function (Vc vs. Tc /Pc coordinates) with one adjustable parameter. It is shown that at the critical point the relation Vc = 3Vo must not hold as van der Waals suggested, but the attractive constant α = Pc Vc2 remains. Selected values of Tc, Pc, Vc compiled by Ihmels where focused on testing the quality of several empirical equations relating critical conditions. It is shown that the obtained critical constants correlation is a general form of the empirical expressions proposed by Young, Meissner, Bird, Grigoras and Ihmels. From the resulting correlation function, a function for the critical compressibility is proposed. The critical volume Vc and the ratio Tc /Pc have been expressed in group contributions.","PeriodicalId":30405,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria y Ciencia","volume":"15 1","pages":"81-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44240646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}