{"title":"Agricultural Aerosols: The Impact of Farming Activity on Ice Nucleating Particles","authors":"Joseph K. Robinson","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1570","url":null,"abstract":"Farming activities cause particles such as soil dust and plant material to be emitted into the air. Some of these aerosols can become ice nucleating particles (INPs), serving as seeds for ice and mixed- phase clouds. While there have been ground- based studies of these particles in the western Great Plains and a single air- based study in Indiana, there is a distinct lack of ground- based studies in the Midwest. In Indiana, over two- thirds of the state is farmland, with over 75% of land in Tippecanoe County used for agriculture. Despite farming being such an essential part of life in Indiana, the connection between agricultural activities and INP concentrations in the area has not been explored. Using fi eld observations taken at the Purdue Agronomy Center for Research and Education (ACRE), we hope to study the impact of harvesting on INP concentrations in the midwestern United States. Th e fi eld experiment took place from May to December 2021 at the ACRE site, but this study focuses on three days during the harvesting period. Data was collected via two instruments: the SPectrometer for Ice Nuclei (SPIN) and the Cloud Condensation Nuclei Counter (CCNC). It appears there is an increase in INP concentrations on days when harvesting occurs, most likely due to an increase in organic and biological particles. It is hoped that the data from this project will provide further insight into the composition and number concentrations of INPs from harvesting through ground- based fi eld observations, as well as insight into INP concentration in the rural Midwest and its climatic impacts.","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80259057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applying the Byronic Model to the International Volunteers of the Spanish Nationalists (1936–1939)","authors":"Nathan Au","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1567","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83307482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Design and Manufacturing of an Environmental Chamber to Test Microelectronic Devices","authors":"W. Graber, Aniket Chowdhury","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1571","url":null,"abstract":"As further studies are undertaken to improve the capabilities of microelectronics, methods of testing need to be perfected as well. One method of testing, “accelerated aging,” exposes microelectronics to high temperatures and humidities to gather and extrapolate data about their lifespan, to better inform end user expectations and potentially help produce ideas for device improvement. Another microelectronic reliability issue of importance is electromigration. Electromigration can create voids in electronic traces, leading to interrupted circuits or electrical shorts, breaking microelectronics. Electromigration is well understood at larger scales, but as the scale of components approaches less than ten nanometers, current theory becomes less applicable.","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90415150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Processing of Plastic Film from Potato Starch: Effect of Drying Methods","authors":"Kourtney Collier, Samantha Goins, Austin Chirgwin, Isabelle Stanfield","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1532","url":null,"abstract":"Starch- based plastics are biodegradable, compostable compounds made of starch and plasticizers from natural sources. Th eir fabrication involves the starch- plasticizer reaction at 70–100°C followed by cooling and drying. Th e most common drying method is air drying (natural convection), which is eff ective but slow. Th e objective of this work is to study the eff ect of fast drying (forced convection) on the quality of the plastic fi lm. Th is work compares the eff ects of drying conditions and drying rate on warpage, shrinkage rate, and presence of bubbles. Five drying methods are studied: (1) natural convection with uncovered petri dish, (2) natural convection while hanging, (3) forced convection with covered petri dish, (4) forced convection with uncovered petri dish, and (5) hybrid natural and forced convection. A standardized composition of starch- based plastic is prepared. Samples of 20 g of plastic deposited on 10- cm- diameter petri dishes are prepared. Drying and shrinkage rates are determined by recording the mass and diameter at multiple time intervals. A digital microscope is used to observe air bubbles. Th e most favorable drying method was forced convection with a covered petri dish, which displayed a drying rate of 0.765 g/h, no signifi cant shrinkage rate (< 0.00 mm/h), no warping, and almost no bubbles.","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84303945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Presence of Microcystin in the Northwest Indiana Watershed","authors":"Breeann Mild","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1528","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84178103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing Availability and Effectiveness of Pharmacy Spanish Interpreter Services: A Systematic Review","authors":"Ma. Emmanuelle R Domingo","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1524","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":"33 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89117641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethics in Engineering Education: Is ABET Enough?","authors":"Alyssa DeLouise","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1555","url":null,"abstract":"ABET is an organization that accredits college or university programs in STEM and provides quality assurance that a program meets the standards of the field or profession. According to current scholarship, there is concern that ABET accreditation has a negative impact on the transparency of syllabi and student engagement in engineering ethics. This study was designed to understand more about the relationship between ABET accreditation, syllabi design, and engineering ethics by assessing 22 syllabi from an R1 institution’s electrical and computer engineering department. These syllabi were analyzed to understand where they fall in the students’ degree path, learning outcomes, assessment processes, and whether or not they explicitly mentioned ABET. Most notably from this study, 41% of syllabi mentioned ethics, while 23% of syllabi mentioned ABET requirements. Of those that mentioned ABET, two courses were core courses and three were upper-level electives, with only one of the five syllabi mentioning ethics. These findings suggest that when ethics is prioritized in the course, ABET is not made apparent as a goal. When ABET is explicitly mentioned, it is unlikely to see ethics prioritized as well in the course. This is consistent with current scholarship that ethics is treated problematically as an add-on to courses. Future course design should focus on not just technical aspects, but also ethics and transparency around designed course outcomes and assessment. This study’s limitations include a small sample size, and possible selection bias, given that faculty voluntarily chose to participate in this study. Future research involving a larger sample and mixed methods is needed to better understand the relationship between course objectives, ABET, and ethics across engineering.","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75137044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}