Case Reports in Orthopedics最新文献

{"title":"Giant Cell Tumor of the Olecranon With a Displaced Pathological Fracture Successfully Treated by Intralesional Curettage and Plate Fixation: A Case Report.","authors":"Toshio Kojima, Eiji Osaka, Takao Ishii, Kazuyoshi Nakanishi","doi":"10.1155/cro/1212381","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cro/1212381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a locally aggressive intermediate bone tumor that typically arises at the epiphysis of long bones. GCTB occurring in the olecranon is extremely rare, and the optimal surgical strategy when complicated by pathological fractures with marked displacement involving the articular surface remains unclear. In this case, the fracture site was significantly displaced. Through the gap created by the displacement, we performed thorough curettage of the lesion, anatomical reduction, synthetic bone grafting, and plate fixation. Histopathological examination confirmed GCTB. At 9 months postoperatively, the patient was pain-free, with a full range of motion in the elbow joint and no functional limitations. The patient remained asymptomatic at 10 years postoperatively, and imaging showed no evidence of local recurrence. This case suggests that, in olecranon GCTB complicated by pathological fracture, access through the fracture gap may allow thorough intralesional curettage and anatomical reduction and fixation in certain situations, potentially leading to favorable long-term functional and oncological outcomes. However, pathological fracture in GCTB remains a clinical challenge and should not generally be considered advantageous.</p>","PeriodicalId":30287,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Orthopedics","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1212381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13205569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schwannoma Within a Muscular Nerve Branch to the Medial Head of Triceps: A Case Report.","authors":"Jacobus Potgieter, Megan O Connor, Leon Rajah","doi":"10.1155/cro/9022134","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cro/9022134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and importance: </strong>Schwannomas are rare, benign, encapsulated tumours arising within peripheral nerve sheath Schwann cells. Only 19% of schwannomas occur in the upper limb, typically affecting major peripheral nerves on the flexor aspect distal to the elbow. No reports have documented a schwannoma originating from a muscular branch to the medial head of the triceps brachii. This case highlights a unique anatomical presentation and the diagnostic challenges associated with atypical schwannomas.</p><p><strong>Presentation of case: </strong>A 37-year-old female presented with a 4-year history of nonspecific neurological symptoms, including dysesthesia and swelling over the posteromedial aspect of her left arm. Initial investigations were inconclusive, but magnetic resonance imaging identified a tumour within the medial head of the triceps. Surgical excision revealed a well-encapsulated tumour within a muscular nerve branch to the medial head of the triceps. Histopathology confirmed a schwannoma. Postoperatively, the patient experienced complete symptom resolution with no complications at 3 months.</p><p><strong>Clinical discussion: </strong>The unusual location of the schwannoma may have contributed to the diagnostic delay. Cadaveric studies suggest that innervation to the medial head of the triceps can have several anatomic variations, including innervation from the ulnar nerve, the nerve in which schwannomas are most commonly located.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case underscores the importance of considering peripheral nerve tumours in patients with persistent, unexplained upper limb symptoms. Awareness of atypical anatomical variants and careful imaging interpretation are essential for timely diagnosis and effective management.</p>","PeriodicalId":30287,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Orthopedics","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9022134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13213070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148057182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acetabular Fracture Following Total Hip Replacement in a Patient With Neglected Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Case Report.","authors":"Marah M Alomari, Rahaf E Farah, Rinad B Shahen, Rou A E Farah, Mutasem Iqnaibi","doi":"10.1155/cro/1254882","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cro/1254882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neglected DDH can cause degenerative changes to the hip joint that could result in subsequent hip pain and disability. The best treatment for these patients is total hip arthroplasty (THA) with artificial joint prosthesis implantation. Acetabular fractures in dysplastic hips with THA are uniquely complex, being more unstable, difficult to assess radiographically due to implant interference, and often atypical in pattern. Management is highly challenging, as treatment decisions must balance surgical risks with prosthetic stability and patient factors, making the successful conservative recovery in this case both rare and notable. This case report presents a case of a 42-year-old female patient with neglected DDH who underwent bilateral total hip replacement complicated by a spontaneous acetabular fracture. Radiographs revealed a nondisplaced, spontaneous acetabular fracture in the superior region. Based on the timing and implant stability, the injury was classified as a Pascarella Type 2A. Due to the clinical context and surgical complexity in dysplastic hips with prior THA, the patient was treated conservatively consisting of protected weight-bearing, rehabilitation, and close follow-up, with full improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":30287,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Orthopedics","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1254882"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13199178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148035931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Treatment of Severe Neglected Congenital Muscular Torticollis in an 8-Year-Old Child: A Case Report.","authors":"Bujar Shabani, Dafina Bytyqi, Leotrim Berisha, Cen Bytyqi","doi":"10.1155/cro/5642692","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cro/5642692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and importance: </strong>Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) represents the third most common musculoskeletal deformity encountered in pediatric practice, characterized by unilateral shortening of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle. Neglected, untreated cases are rare. The objective was to assess the surgical outcome following complete bipolar tenotomy for the management of severe, neglected left-sided CMT in an 8-year-old girl.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>An 8-year-old girl presented with marked facial asymmetry with left hemifacial hypoplasia, restricted cervical range of motion, and a tense, contracted left SCM. The patient underwent a complete bipolar tenotomy of the SCM. Intraoperatively, correction of the cervicomandibular angle (CMA) was achieved, with a reduction from 38° preoperatively to 8.9° postoperatively. The postoperative protocol included the use of a cervical collar and 6 weeks of intensive physiotherapy. Five years postoperatively, she maintained a neutral head position with full cervical motion and no recurrence.</p><p><strong>Clinical discussion: </strong>Around 10%-20% of cases with CMT remain unresponsive to conservative approaches and require surgical intervention. Because of concerns regarding residual deformity and scarring, surgical correction of CMT is generally recommended between 1 and 5 years of age. However, evidence suggests that even patients treated later, like in our case at age eight, experience significant improvement in appearance, function, and pain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Complete bipolar tenotomy represents a safe and effective surgical technique for the management of severe, neglected CMT, leading to significant functional and cosmetic improvement even beyond the traditionally recommended age for intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":30287,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Orthopedics","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5642692"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13189499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147989295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lumbar Plexopathy and Exploration Following an Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion (OLIF) iFactor-Associated Complication: A Case Report.","authors":"Charles Taylor, Arka Banerjee, Hasan Raza, James Geddes, Liam Rose, Margot Montgommery, Mohammed Abdelhamid, Timothy Bishop, Jason Bernard, Darren Lui","doi":"10.1155/cro/1328979","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cro/1328979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) is a minimally invasive surgical technique used for lumbar spine stabilisation, known for reducing the morbidity associated with traditional posterior lumbar fusion techniques. iFactor, a synthetic bone graft composed of P-15 osteogenic cell-binding peptide and anorganic bone mineral (ABM), is often used in such procedures for its reported high fusion rates and minimal complications. iFactor reports to only form bone when grafted into bone tissue, and not soft tissue. This case report presents a rare but significant complication requiring reoperation due to extruded iFactor putty.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 65-year-old female smoker with a history of failed conservative management for back and right radicular leg pain underwent an OLIF procedure at the L4/5 intervertebral level. Postoperatively, she was well for the first 2 weeks but suddenly developed left leg and lower back pain. Delayed diagnosis of a rare complication was detected only after postoperative CT scans were analysed 6 months after surgery. Initial imaging suggested exogenous bone growth affecting the lumbar plexus.</p><p><strong>Management and outcome: </strong>Diagnostic nerve blocks revealed that L3 and L4 roots were affected. Exploratory surgery importantly revealed that de novo bone had not encased the nerve roots but revealed a chalky paste appearance consistent with extruded iFactor putty. Following the surgery, the patient's symptoms improved considerably, emphasising the importance of accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary team (MDT) involvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is a rare complication following OLIF, allowing extruded artificial graft to encase part of the lumbar plexus. This case supports the manufacturer's assertion that iFactor does not lead to exogenous bone growth. The surgical exploration revealed a chalk-like paste that was irritating the nerve plexus and highlights that surgical debridement of this substance under the psoas muscle is possible. This case also highlights that exploration of extruded bone grafts can be considered for patients presenting similarly after spinal fusion surgeries involving bone grafts.</p>","PeriodicalId":30287,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Orthopedics","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1328979"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13189505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147989317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Total Knee Replacement Persistent Bilateral Popliteal Cysts Requiring Surgical Excision: A Literature-Based Discussion.","authors":"Mineth Heenkende, Yushy Zhou, James D Stoney","doi":"10.1155/cro/8740464","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cro/8740464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a patient who developed the unusual complication of persistent symptomatic Baker's cyst (BC) requiring surgical excision following each of her total knee replacements (TKRs), which were performed 10 years apart. BCs are a common problem and rarely require operative intervention. This patient presented with osteoarthritis and a painful complex BC. A successful left TKR was performed but the BC persisted following the surgery. Conservative management of the BC after the TKR failed to alleviate the symptoms, and surgical excision of the BC was eventually performed. This patient experienced the same problem 10 years earlier in their contralateral (right) knee, which also required excision of a BC after TKR to achieve complete resolution. This case demonstrates that a large complex BC with septations and a thickened wall may not necessarily resolve after TKR and may, on rare occasions, require surgical excision to relieve symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":30287,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Orthopedics","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8740464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13184717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147983616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital Anomalies of the Knee-Hypoplasia of the Meniscus: A Case Report.","authors":"Arianna Paa, Doyle Ford, William Woodhams, William Galardi, Abdoul Mbengue, Micah Lissy","doi":"10.1155/cro/6636850","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cro/6636850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Congenital anomalies involving the meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are rare and often discovered incidentally. Discoid meniscus is the most frequently reported congenital variant, whereas medial meniscal hypoplasia and ACL agenesis remain exceptionally uncommon.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 16-year-old male presented with right knee pain, swelling, and instability following a noncontact basketball injury. He reported a similar episode weeks earlier. Clinical examination revealed anterior laxity, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a nonvisualized ACL consistent with a tear and absent tissue suggestive of a subacute injury. The medial meniscus appeared diminutive without evidence of a tear or displaced fragment. Arthroscopy confirmed a hypoplastic medial meniscus without reparable tissue and complete absence of ACL fibers. The patient underwent ACL reconstruction with internal brace augmentation and anterolateral ligament (ALL) reconstruction. A lateral meniscal tear was also repaired. Postoperative recovery demonstrated progressive improvement in range of motion and quadriceps activation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights a rare presentation of concurrent medial meniscal hypoplasia and congenital absence of the ACL in an otherwise healthy adolescent male. Notably, the patient sustained a pivoting sports-related injury accompanied by an instability episode, in the absence of any syndromic or systemic congenital anomalies. Recognition of congenital intra-articular anomalies is essential for accurately interpreting preoperative imaging and understanding that structures such as the ACL and meniscus may not develop in tandem, which can influence surgical planning and clinical decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":30287,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Orthopedics","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6636850"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13181422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147975916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequential Limb Lengthening: A Novel Staged Approach Combining External Fixation and a Motorized Intramedullary Lengthening Nail for a Large Posttraumatic Tibial Defect.","authors":"T Cerasoli, G Balboni, C Musiani, M Zaffagnini, A Burla, G M Marcheggiani Muccioli, S Zaffagnini, M Romagnoli","doi":"10.1155/cro/2140595","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cro/2140595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Managing large posttraumatic tibial defects presents significant challenges. External fixation is effective for distraction osteogenesis but has drawbacks, including prolonged treatment time and complications. Intramedullary lengthening nails improve patient comfort but have limitations in large bone transport. While combined techniques have been explored, to our knowledge a fully sequential approach where an external fixator is first used for distraction and then replaced by a motorized intramedullary lengthening nail continuing the lengthening has not been clearly described in the literature. This study presents a novel staged technique and a review of existing literature on limb lengthening strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We report the case of a 29-year-old male with a 16-cm posttraumatic tibial defect, treated with 10 cm of bone transport using an external fixator, followed by 6 cm of additional lengthening with a motorized intramedullary nail. Additionally, a literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase using keywords related to limb lengthening, external fixation, and intramedullary nailing. The technique and outcomes were compared with existing literature.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The review did not identify any studies on fully sequential limb lengthening. Most studies focus on pediatric cases or hybrid techniques where external fixation and intramedullary nailing are used simultaneously. Our sequential approach allowed for controlled distraction and successfully addressed a 16-cm bone defect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights a previously undescribed staged limb lengthening approach. Sequential conversion from external fixation to a motorized intramedullary lengthening nail may offer advantages in reducing EFI, protecting neurovascular structures, and enhancing mechanical stability. Further research is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":30287,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Orthopedics","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2140595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13178156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147964794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant Cell Tumor of the Tenosynovium: An Uncommon Presentation in the Forefoot.","authors":"Prasamsha Sitaula, Ojas Thapa, Sauharda Sitaula, Sarvesh Dahal","doi":"10.1155/cro/9966160","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cro/9966160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TSGCT) is a benign, slow-growing solid soft tissue tumor that arises from the tenosynovium of a tendon sheath or the synovium of a diarthrodial joint. TSGCT accounts for 1.6% of all soft tissue tumors and typically arises in the limbs, with the most common location being the hand, whereas occurrence in the foot is rare. Local complete resection of the lesion is an effective treatment for TSGCT. However, if left untreated, the tumor can lead to persistent pain, limited movement, joint destruction, and osteoarthritis. We present the case of a young gentleman diagnosed with a TSGCT of the forefoot, a rare but locally aggressive lesion that was successfully treated with complete excision.</p>","PeriodicalId":30287,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Orthopedics","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9966160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13178155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147964812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor (TGCT) in the Hip Joint With an <i>APOB</i> Mutation.","authors":"Yujia Wang, Shaohua Zhang, Shuqiong Ge, Hongrui Zheng, Hanlong Xin","doi":"10.1155/cro/4675478","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cro/4675478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor (D-TGCT) is a rare, locally invasive tumor that mainly involves large weight-bearing joints, such as the knees, hips, and ankles. Herein, we report a rare case of D-TGCT of the hip joint in a 14-year-old girl. The patient presented with pain and limited movement without a history of trauma. Owing to the continuous progression of hip synovitis, whole exome sequencing was performed, which identified pathogenic variations in the frizzled class receptor 4 (NM_012193.3:c.379C>T(p.Arg127Cys)) and apolipoprotein B (NM_000384.2:c.10579C>T(p.Arg3527Trp)) genes. APOB mutations are associated with hypercholesterolemia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the right hip joint showed thickening of the synovial membrane with irregular edges, low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, and high signal intensity on PDWI+FS images. Small nodules with low signal intensity and clear boundaries were also observed on both types of images. An arthroscopic examination revealed numerous white synovial, chondromate-like tissues under the articular capsule, and D-TGCT was diagnosed based on the histopathological results. One year after the surgery, the patient had good functional recovery and no tumor recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":30287,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Orthopedics","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4675478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13179446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147964837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}