Pacific LanguagesPub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780824842581-013
{"title":"Chapter 9. Languages in Contact","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780824842581-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824842581-013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":302177,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Languages","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131569132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pacific LanguagesPub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780824842581-015
{"title":"Chapter 11. Language, Society, and Culture in the Pacific Context","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780824842581-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824842581-015","url":null,"abstract":"Westerners often evaluate people and their societies on the basis of their technology. People without advanced technology are considered primitive not just technologically, but intellectually as well. Linguists studying Australian and Pacific languages are often asked how many words there are in those languages. Underlying such a question is the assumption that such “primitive” people must speak simple languages: “By and large, the white population of present-day Australia has little knowledge of the structure or nature of Aboriginal Australian languages. Moreover, they have serious misconceptions about them. If you strike up a conversation with even well-educated white Australians you may hear that ... ‘[Aboriginal languages] have only a few score words—names for common objects’” (Dixon 1980, 4). Nothing could, as we have seen, be further from the truth. The grammars of Pacific languages are by no means simple or primitive. How do Pacific languages stand in terms of lexicon?","PeriodicalId":302177,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Languages","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126375368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pacific LanguagesPub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780824842581-008
{"title":"Chapter 4. The History of the Papuan and Australian Languages","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780824842581-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824842581-008","url":null,"abstract":"Almost a thousand languages spoken in the Pacific region do not belong to the Austronesian family. Of these, more than seven hundred are spoken in or near New Guinea and are known by the general term “Papuan”; the remaining two hundred or so are, or were, spoken in Australia. We know much less about the history of these languages than about the history of the Austronesian languages. The majority of Papuan languages are located in the interior of the island of New Guinea. This area experienced no European contact until shortly before (and even in some cases some time after) World War II. So while many of the languages east of New Guinea had been written for a hundred years or more, and had been studied in some detail, most Papuan languages were unknown to the outside world until very recently. Missionary linguists (especially those working with the Summer Institute of Linguistics) were largely responsible for dramatically increasing our knowledge of Papuan languages in the decades after 1945, and the picture is considerably clearer than it was in, say, the 1960s. Nevertheless, there are still very many Papuan languages about which almost nothing is known, and the work of comparative linguistics has barely begun. Where Australia is concerned, the death of many languages before they had been properly recorded leaves us with gaps of a different Kind. Much of the evidence needed to make historical inferences has disappeared, and formulating and testing historical hypotheses is hampered at every turn. As if these problems were not enough, we are faced with a much longer period of human habitation in both Australia and New Guinea than in most of the rest of the Austronesian-speaking world. The longer a group of languages have had to diversify, the fewer will be their apparent similarities.","PeriodicalId":302177,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Languages","volume":"36 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125680651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pacific LanguagesPub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9780824842581-006
{"title":"Chapter 2. The Languages of the Pacific","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9780824842581-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824842581-006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":302177,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Languages","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134216558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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