{"title":"Semantics-based Framework for Incentivized Research Data Sharing","authors":"Kacy Adams, D. McGuinness, O. Seneviratne","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133374","url":null,"abstract":"We present a framework for incentivized research data sharing using an ontology called the Data Sharing Ontology (DSO). The DSO captures the semantics of academic research data sharing and provides an operational specification for data sharing between researchers. The DSO includes a two-part incentive mechanism to confirm citations and reward reproducible research methods. The proposed solution is demonstrated using a dataset-sharing decentralized application use case. The paper's contributions provide a scalable technique for creating, curating, publishing, and consuming web-based, structured, and reusable datasets, including semantically annotated knowledge graphs.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122475940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Towards a multi-modal Deep Learning Architecture for User Modeling","authors":"A. Tato, R. Nkambou","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133328","url":null,"abstract":"Deep learning has succeeded in various applications, including image classification and feature learning. However, there needs to be more research on its use in Intelligent Tutoring Systems or Serious Games, particularly in modeling user behavior during learning or gaming sessions using multi-modal data. Creating an effective user model is crucial for developing a highly adaptive system. To achieve this, it is necessary to consider all available data sources to inform the user’s current state. This study proposes a user-sensitive deep multi-modal architecture that leverages deep learning and user data to extract a rich latent representation of the user. The architecture combines a Long Short-Term Memory, a Convolutional Neural Network, and multiple Deep Neu-ral Networks to handle the multi-modality of data. The resulting model was evaluated on a public multi-modal dataset, achieving better results than state-of-the-art algorithms for a similar task: opinion polarity detection. These findings suggest that the latent representation learned from the data is useful in discriminating behaviors. This proposed solution can be applied in various contexts where user modeling using multi-modal data is critical for improving the user experience.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130840491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Survey of Unsupervised Learning Algorithms for Zero-Day Attacks in Intrusion Detection Systems","authors":"Sunkanmi Oluwadare, Zag ElSayed","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133182","url":null,"abstract":"Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are systems that are used to monitor networks for malicious events, abnormal activities, and policy violations. They are systems that are capable of detecting and classifying network attacks based on behaviors or signatures of previously known attacks based on markers. However, since network attacks are constantly evolving and it is almost impossible to infuse all possible combinations and signatures of the attacks, the effectiveness of Machine Learning based IDS is often challenged and called into play as a result of novel attacks generated, known as Zero-day attacks. This has facilitated the need to have intelligent-based IDS that could detect anomalies without relying on a detailed signature repository. In this paper, we present a literature-based survey of popular deep learning algorithms and evaluated their capabilities, strengths, limitations, and resource requirements for detecting anomalies and Zero-Day attacks. Based on our evaluation, we propose Long Short-Term (LSTM) networks and Autoencoder networks as the best algorithms for further analysis in intrusion detection.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"07 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127210806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Project to Compose a Modular AI Certification System in University Edu-cation and its inherent chance to verify, validate, and refine AI teaching by AI technologies","authors":"Tanja Schramm, R. Knauf","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133231","url":null,"abstract":"A current Project of the German Federal State of Thuringia aims at bundling the various AI teaching activities of the involved universities that includes besides technological also social issues. On their way to meet the project objectives, the authors aim at utilizing such unique opportunity to consider the various successful experiences in teaching several AI content issues of the project members to revisit a formerly developed concept of semi-formally representing didactic knowledge and making it a subject of Knowledge Engineering technologies such as consistency issues as well as chances to validate learning paths and refine them based on the validation results. Ideas towards this objective and first results are sketched in this paper.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126906673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Vallati, S. Orini, Mariagrazia Lorusso, Mariachiara Savino, R. Gatta, M. Filosto
{"title":"On the Comparison of Markov Chains-based Models in Process Mining for Healthcare: A Case Study","authors":"M. Vallati, S. Orini, Mariagrazia Lorusso, Mariachiara Savino, R. Gatta, M. Filosto","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133049","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, Process Mining has become a significant field to help healthcare process experts understand and gain relevant insights about the processes they execute. One of the most challenging questions in Process Mining, and particularly in healthcare, typically is: how good are the discovered models? Previous studies have suggested approaches for comparing the (few) available discovery algorithms and measure their quality. However, a general and clear comparison framework is missing, and none of the analyzed algorithms exploits Markov Chains-based Models. \u0000In this paper, we propose and discuss effective ways for assessing both quality and performance of discovered models. This is done by focusing on a case study, where the pMiner tool is used for generating Markov Chains-based models, on a large set of real Clinical Guidelines and workflows.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114918519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah Kitchen, Christopher McGroarty, Timothy Aris
{"title":"Model Representation Considerations for Artificial Intelligence Opponent Development in Combat Games","authors":"Sarah Kitchen, Christopher McGroarty, Timothy Aris","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133571","url":null,"abstract":"The performance and behavior of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) opponent in games requires coordination of multiple agents and complex tasks depends on many design choices made during implementation. Currently, gaming agents developed with Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods are constructed to play the game, leading to natural design choices for observations, actions, and rewards that are congruent with a human player's actions and objectives. However, in simulation and serious games, the objective of the implemented opponent should be developed in a way that supports the learning objectives for the user, such as by including additional ground truth environment data in the observation space or action structure. Therefore, the reward structure for the AI needs to incorporate more sophisticated considerations than just whether the game was won or lost by the AI. In this way the design space for opponent AI in these settings is considerably broader than what is traditionally used for RL gaming AI. This paper considers the implications of observation representation and reward design for the AI agent and associated actions in the context of 2-player battlefield-type games that are not strictly zero-sum. Semi-cooperative and fully competitive models are considered. The environment in these games is a spatially extended battlefield in which agents must maneuver their forces to bring them into combat range of each other. The objective of the game is control over a pre-specified location in the game, and combat is executed via Lanchester attrition. We demonstrate the impact of aggregation on stochasticity of the model, where aggregation of the state model is controlled by various entropy-based metrics, as well as on the policy learned by an RL agent. Generalizations to alternative scenarios and objectives are discussed, as well as applications to the development of an AI combat opponent that can cohesively manage its forces over multiple scales.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123888786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jacob Brue, Joseph Shymanski, Selim Karaoglu, S. Sen
{"title":"Relative Performance of Bilateral Multiattribute Negotiation Strategies in Open Markets","authors":"Jacob Brue, Joseph Shymanski, Selim Karaoglu, S. Sen","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133362","url":null,"abstract":"The long-running Automated Negotiating Agents Competition (ANAC) is comprised of various agent-agent and human-agent negotiation leagues. One such competition is the Automated Negotiation League (ANL) which involves repeated, bilateral negotiation over multiple issues. Researchers have investigated a tournament setting for this scenario involving a small, fixed number of agents. We are interested in automated agents participating in large and open marketplaces containing many instances of well-known agent types of varying sophistication. We experiment with four representative negotiation behaviors as agent types: Hardliner, Boulware, Conceder, and Tit-for-Tat. We simulate open markets with varying negotiation domain sizes, agent type distributions, and negotiation time available to evaluate the relative performances of different negotiation strategies. We analyze and report relative performances of the strategies on relevant performance metrics. We also extend this analysis using a head-to-head matrix.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"229 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115500625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DanfeNER - Named Entity Recognition in Nepali Tweets","authors":"Nobal B. Niraula, Jeevan Chapagain","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133384","url":null,"abstract":"Twitter allows users to easily post tweets on any subject or event anytime, generating massive amounts of rich text content on diverse topics. Automated methods such as Named Entity Recognition (NER) are required to process the massive tweet data. Processing tweets, however, poses a special challenge as they are informal posts with incomplete context and often contain acronyms, hashtags, misspellings, abbreviations, and URLs due to length constraints. This paper presents the first systematic study of NER in Nepali tweets corresponding to five different entity types: Person Name (PER), Location (LOC), Organization (ORG), Date (DAT), and Event (EVT). We develop DanfeNER, the first human-labeled high-quality NER benchmark data sets for the low-resource language Nepali. DanfeNER contains 5,366 records and 3,463 entities in its train set and 2,301 records and 1,503 entities in its test set. Using this data set, we benchmark several state-of-the-art Nepali monolingual and multilingual transformer models, obtaining micro-averaged F1 scores up to 81%.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123318512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Leveraging Graph Networks to Model Environments in Reinforcement Learning","authors":"Viswanath Chadalapaka, Volkan Ustun, Lixing Liu","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133118","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes leveraging graph neural networks (GNNs) to model an agent’s environment to construct superior policy networks in reinforcement learning (RL). To this end, we explore the effects of different combinations of GNNs and graph network pooling functions on policy performance. We also run experiments at different levels of problem complexity, which affect how easily we expect an agent to learn an optimal policy and therefore show whether or not graph networks are effective at various problem complexity levels. The efficacy of our approach is shown via experimentation in a partially-observable, non-stationary environment that parallels the highly-practical scenario of a military training exercise with human trainees, where the learning goal is to become the best sparring partner possible for human trainees. Our results present that our models can generate better-performing sparring partners by employing GNNs, as demonstrated by these experiments in the proof-of-concept environment. We also explore our model’s applicability in Multi-Agent RL scenarios. Our code is available online at https://github.com/Derposoft/GNNsAsEnvs.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129880338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Visualization of Learning Process in Feature Space","authors":"Tomohiro Inoue, Noboru Murata, Taiki Sugiura","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133329","url":null,"abstract":"In machine learning, the structure of feature space is an important factor that determines the performance of a model. Therefore, we can deepen our understanding of learning algorithms if we can visualize changes in the structure of feature space during the learning process. However, visualizing such changes is difficult because it requires dimensionality reduction while maintaining consistency with the data structure in high-dimensional space and in the temporal direction. In this study, we visualized feature changes during the learning process by capturing them as changes in the positional relationship between target features and time-invariant reference coordinates with a log-bilinear model.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128994715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}