E. Restall, B. Robertson, M. Taghizadeh, A. Walker
{"title":"Two Dimensional Spatially Variant Optical Interconnects","authors":"E. Restall, B. Robertson, M. Taghizadeh, A. Walker","doi":"10.1364/optcomp.1991.mc4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1991.mc4","url":null,"abstract":"Spatially variant interconnects (SVIs) show great potential in the fields of optical computing and optical communications. Two dimensional forms of these interconnects offer even more power over their stacked one dimensional1 or wrap around counterparts2.","PeriodicalId":302010,"journal":{"name":"Optical Computing","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126184120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Taketomi, J. Ford, H. Sasaki, Jian Ma, Y. Fainman
{"title":"Hologram multiplexing using orthogonal phase codes and incremental recording","authors":"Y. Taketomi, J. Ford, H. Sasaki, Jian Ma, Y. Fainman","doi":"10.1364/optcomp.1991.wa2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1991.wa2","url":null,"abstract":"Photorefractive volume holography may prove useful for optical interconnection and data storage applications. However, the process of recording a set of uniform, high quality superimposed holograms normally involves a complicated recording procedure using a schedule calculated from the detailed material characteristics1,2. A small error in material characterization (or change in the material characteristics) can result in highly nonuniform diffraction efficiencies. In this paper, we present a new incremental recording approach that relies only on an approximate knowledge of the materials characteristics. By avoiding long exposures, we avoid the high gain and fanning which tend to disrupt photorefractive performance. To achieve the highly repeatable recording necessary for this approach we use a set of orthogonal phase images for the reference beams. This choice minimizes readout of any unwanted images. The phase only reference images will be more reproducible when generated by a stationary phase spatial light modulator, compared to angular multiplexing. Compared to the simple sequential schedule of recording, the use of phase-coded reference beams and incremental recording of the holograms should produce brighter images with an improved signal-to-noise ratio.","PeriodicalId":302010,"journal":{"name":"Optical Computing","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126458732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical ComputingPub Date : 1992-05-22DOI: 10.1364/optcomp.1991.me28
Joseph Rosen, Lior Dezialoshinski, Ehud Nahtomi, J. Shamir
{"title":"Digital Approach for Pattern Scale Measurement","authors":"Joseph Rosen, Lior Dezialoshinski, Ehud Nahtomi, J. Shamir","doi":"10.1364/optcomp.1991.me28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1991.me28","url":null,"abstract":"Pattern size measurement is important for applications such as industrial classification and ranging. Optical systems offer fast and parallel processing of detailed pictures.","PeriodicalId":302010,"journal":{"name":"Optical Computing","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127680427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. M. Gomes, Susumu Tsujikawa, Hiroki Maeda, H. Sekine, Takashi Yamazaki
{"title":"Gray-Scale Controllable Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulator","authors":"C. M. Gomes, Susumu Tsujikawa, Hiroki Maeda, H. Sekine, Takashi Yamazaki","doi":"10.1364/optcomp.1991.me4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1991.me4","url":null,"abstract":"A new optically addressed spatial light modulator (OASLM) with memorized gray-scale capability has been developed, which has potential application in analog optical computing. This OASLM exploits the occurrence of a gray-scale effect in the memory state of surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal (SSFLC) cells when the SSFLC is oriented by ultra-thin polyimide Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films.1) In the case of LB orientation films, the gray-scale can be attributed to the topography of the substrate ITO films which produces spatial fluctuation in the spontaneous polarization (multidomain).2) The OASLM has many pixels, each corresponding to the smallest unit of the multidomain gray-scale. Because it is possible to add switching devices such as thin film transistors to the pixels, the OASLM has the potential of particularly designed functions.3)","PeriodicalId":302010,"journal":{"name":"Optical Computing","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126429315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical ComputingPub Date : 1992-05-22DOI: 10.1364/optcomp.1991.tud4
A. Chiou, P. Yeh
{"title":"A 4×4 Photorefractive Reconfigurable Interconnect Using Laser Diodes","authors":"A. Chiou, P. Yeh","doi":"10.1364/optcomp.1991.tud4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1991.tud4","url":null,"abstract":"Reconfigurable optical interconnection capable of partial or full broadcasting plays a key role in optical computing and optical neural network. The interconnection can be implemented using optical matrix-vector multiplication [1]. The reconfigurability is achieved by changing the interconnection matrix written on a spatial light modulator (SLM). For a one-to-one permutation link of an array of N sources to an array of N detectors, such an approach suffers a 1/N intrinsic fanout loss [1,2].","PeriodicalId":302010,"journal":{"name":"Optical Computing","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114359564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical ComputingPub Date : 1992-05-22DOI: 10.1364/optcomp.1991.me18
F. Lin, E. Strzelecki, William Y. Liu
{"title":"Compact Crossbar Switch For Optical Interconnects","authors":"F. Lin, E. Strzelecki, William Y. Liu","doi":"10.1364/optcomp.1991.me18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1991.me18","url":null,"abstract":"Optical crossbar switches are used in a variety of applications: in optical computing, optical communications, and optical interconnects in computers. High speed optical crossbars have been demonstrated for the use in communications such as waveguide electro-optic switches in LiNbO3 [1], semiconductor quantum well modulators [2]. For applications in optical computing it is important to have very large switching arrays to utilize the massively parallel capability of optical signal processing. This has been achieved using spatial light modulators (SLM) which are available in large arrays, such as liquid crystal TVs and ferroelectric liquid crystal devices [3], and high speed, such as PLZT [4] or quantum well modulators [2]. Many systems based on SLMs utilize the vector-matrix multiplication configuration to realize crossbar networks, linear algebra operations, iterative vector-matrix multiplication, and optical neural networks. Crossbars based on this configuration, though suffer from fan-out losses, are very versitile, offer broadcasting capability needed in optical interconnects, and can easily form large array sizes. Most SLM based systems, which use bulk optics, lenslet arrays, and fiber optic couplers [5], are bulky and require tedious alignment. In this paper we describe a compact vector-matrix mulitplier in which waveguides with arrays of grating couplers are used to distribute and collect light signals.","PeriodicalId":302010,"journal":{"name":"Optical Computing","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131019511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical ComputingPub Date : 1992-05-22DOI: 10.1364/optcomp.1991.me15
C. S. Li, F. Tong, D. Messerschmitt
{"title":"Fanout Analysis of a Low-Skew Clock Distribution Network with Optical Amplifiers","authors":"C. S. Li, F. Tong, D. Messerschmitt","doi":"10.1364/optcomp.1991.me15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1991.me15","url":null,"abstract":"Optimization of the performance of a highspeed synchronous digital system requires tight control of the timing skew within a clock distribution network (CDN). Techniques for distributing the optical clock signals in a single-stage CDN have been suggested in [1,2] to reduce the timing skew, and the fanout is found to be much larger than that obtained from an electronic CDN. In this paper, we investigate the enhancement of fanout when optical amplifiers, which could either be semiconductor laser amplifiers [3] or fiber amplifiers [4], are introduced in a CDN.","PeriodicalId":302010,"journal":{"name":"Optical Computing","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126504849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical ComputingPub Date : 1992-05-22DOI: 10.1364/optcomp.1991.tub2
G. Marsden, B. H. Olson, S. Esener, Sing H. Lee
{"title":"Optoelectronic Fuzzy Logic System","authors":"G. Marsden, B. H. Olson, S. Esener, Sing H. Lee","doi":"10.1364/optcomp.1991.tub2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1991.tub2","url":null,"abstract":"It is often the case in reasoning problems that propositions are neither entirely true nor entirely false. In fuzzy logic,1,2 the truth values of propositions are not restricted to true or false, but rather may range between zero (absolutely false) and one (absolutely true), allowing a quantitative representation and evaluation of vague propositions. For example, the proposition, \"Marsden is a boring speaker\" is neither totally true nor totally false, but might have a value 0.30.3 Many existing Boolean reasoning methods can be extended to include fuzzy truth values. However, since Boolean operators such as AND and OR are undefined on non-Boolean data, analogous fuzzy operators must be defined for these algorithms to be useful. It has been shown that MIN and MAX have desirable properties when used as extensions of AND and OR, respectively.1","PeriodicalId":302010,"journal":{"name":"Optical Computing","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131848252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Reliability of Optical Logic","authors":"C. Stirk, D. Psaltis","doi":"10.1364/optcomp.1991.ma4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1991.ma4","url":null,"abstract":"One of the potential niches for optical logic is very high speed digital circuits. Conventional lithographic manufacturing techniques decrease the individual logic device cost when the device density per unit area increases. Thermal power dissipation limitations, however, restrict the device density at a given duty cycle and switching speed. Thus, we desire optical logic devices with small switching energies for high speed systems. Since switching energy usually decreases with decreasing device area, small devices decrease thermal dissipation problems and increase manufacturing density.","PeriodicalId":302010,"journal":{"name":"Optical Computing","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115415820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optical Binary Multiplication Based On a Non-Holographic Content Addressable Memory","authors":"A. Kostrzewski, G. Eichmann, D. H. Kim, Yao Li","doi":"10.1364/optcomp.1991.ma5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1991.ma5","url":null,"abstract":"A new fast binary multiplication scheme based on a non-holographic optical content addressable memory (CAM) and a sign/logarithm number (SLN) system is presented. The design and experimental demonstration of a 7-bit multiplier are presented.","PeriodicalId":302010,"journal":{"name":"Optical Computing","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114441202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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