Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice最新文献_第8页

Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and Socio-Demographic Factors among Women in North Central Nigeria 尼日利亚中北部妇女的酒精消费模式和社会人口因素

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.46912/JBRCP.58

S. Goar, G. K. Ayuba, F. Tungchama, Y. Maigari, M. Agbir, M. Audu

{"title":"Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and Socio-Demographic Factors among Women in North Central Nigeria","authors":"S. Goar, G. K. Ayuba, F. Tungchama, Y. Maigari, M. Agbir, M. Audu","doi":"10.46912/JBRCP.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/JBRCP.58","url":null,"abstract":"The patterns of alcohol consumption among females is of enormous public health concerns, as harmful consumption poses danger to their health, welfare, children and to the civil society. The study objectives were to determine the current prevalence of alcohol use, the related socio-demographic factors and the patterns of alcohol consumption. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study in Jos North Local Government Area, carried out from March to July, 2017 after ethical clearance was obtained. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select the participants who were age 18 years and above. A total of 272 females with an age range of 18 to 60 years responded. The mean age was 28.8±8.6 years. Majority 112(41.2%) were in the age group of 25-34 years. Most of them were never married 168 (61.8%), protestants 151(55.4%) and had secondary education 97(35.7%). About half of them were employed (148(54.4%) with 167(61.4%) of them earned an average monthly income of 20,000 naira or less. One hundred and fifty nine (58.5%) use alcohol in the family. The estimated prevalence of life time use, current use and abstention were 79.4%, 41.2% and 20.6% respectively. Of the current users 35(31.1%) were low risk while hazardous, harmful and dependent users were 30(26.8%), 21(18.8%) and 26(23.2%) respectively. The sociodemographic variables associated with current alcohol use were history of family use (χ2 = 3.088, df = 1, p = 0.01) and educational status (χ2 = 8.797, df = 3, p = 0.03). These findings call for immediate advocacy and sensitization of awareness concerning prevention, treatment and rehabilitation to stem the tide of deleterious patterns of alcohol consumption among females in the community.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117125527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Episiotomy and Perineal Lacerations in a University Teaching Hospital, North-Central Nigeria 尼日利亚中北部一所大学教学医院会阴切开术和会阴撕裂伤的患病率

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.46912/JBRCP.49

S. Hembah-Hilekaan, A. Ojabo, O. Audu, P. E. Onche, M. Maanongun

{"title":"Prevalence of Episiotomy and Perineal Lacerations in a University Teaching Hospital, North-Central Nigeria","authors":"S. Hembah-Hilekaan, A. Ojabo, O. Audu, P. E. Onche, M. Maanongun","doi":"10.46912/JBRCP.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/JBRCP.49","url":null,"abstract":"Episiotomy is an incision on the introitus and the perineum to increase pelvic outlet to facilitate childbirth and prevent trauma to fetal and maternal tissues. Episiotomy and perineal laceration may predispose the woman to short and long term complications. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of episiotomy and perineal lacerations and their associated risks factors at Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria. Retrospective data of all women who had spontaneous vagina delivery over a 3 year period with perineal laceration/episiotomy were reviewed. Data was obtained from the records and information on the socio-demographic variables, episiotomies, lacerations and the birth weight of infants. The associated risk factors were recorded using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.Of the 636 vaginal deliveries, 85(13.4%) had lacerations with 65(10.2%) first degree, 19(3.0%) second degree and 1(0.2%) major laceration. Episiotomy rate was 132(20.8%). The mean parity and birth weight of infants were 2.62(SD= ± 1.83) and 3.1 kg (SD= ± 0.767) respectively. The highest number of perineal tears 69(10.8%) were in the lower age group (≤ 30 years). A similar observation was noted in respect of episiotomies which rate however decreased with parity. The relationship between maternal age, parity, booking status, fetal weight and the perineal status at delivery was statistically significant (P≤ 0.05). Episiotomy and perineal laceration rates in our institution were low. The major risk factors were low parity, young maternal age and increasing fetal weight at birth and their presence should be an early warning sign. We advise perineal support for all women during delivery.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122373446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Post Traumatic Stress Disorder among In-Patients in a Substance Use Disorder Treatment Centre in Nigeria 尼日利亚物质使用障碍治疗中心住院患者中未确诊的创伤后应激障碍患病率

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.46912/jbrcp.53

D. Makput, N. Dami, C. Piwuna, T. Haa, C. Maton

{"title":"Prevalence of Undiagnosed Post Traumatic Stress Disorder among In-Patients in a Substance Use Disorder Treatment Centre in Nigeria","authors":"D. Makput, N. Dami, C. Piwuna, T. Haa, C. Maton","doi":"10.46912/jbrcp.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.53","url":null,"abstract":"Post traumatic stress disorder is a clinical disorder characterized by emotional and physical symptoms that may occur after exposure to a severely traumatic event. It occurs commonly as a co-morbid diagnosis with substance related disorders, as well as other psychiatric disorders. We postulated that post traumatic stress disorder may be under- diagnosed in therapeutic wards where substance use disorders are treated. This study thus sought to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed post traumatic stress disorder in a substance use disorder in-patient population. The posttraumatic stress disorder check list, Civilian version was administered to patients on admission at the Center for addiction treatment and research, Vom, Plateau state, Nigeria in June 2017. Socio-demographic data and information regarding substance use were also obtained from the patients. A total of 38 in-patients were analyzed and 8 (21%) met the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (fourth edition) criteria for current post traumatic stress disorder. None of the patients had a diagnosis of post traumatic stress disorder in their case notes prior to the post traumatic stress disorder check list administration in this study. Post traumatic stress disorder which is frequently co-morbid with substance abuse remains undiagnosed in many patients admitted to our therapeutic center.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123294627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Hormones of Pituitary-Gonadal Axis and Histology of Pituitary Gland Following Oral Treatment of Male Wistar Rats with Glyphosate 雄性Wistar大鼠口服草甘膦后垂体-性腺轴激素及垂体组织学变化

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.46912/JBRCP.57

S. Popoola, C. Sakpa

{"title":"Hormones of Pituitary-Gonadal Axis and Histology of Pituitary Gland Following Oral Treatment of Male Wistar Rats with Glyphosate","authors":"S. Popoola, C. Sakpa","doi":"10.46912/JBRCP.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/JBRCP.57","url":null,"abstract":"There are numerous endocrine disrupting chemicals across the globe among which is the contentious organophosphate called glyphosate. The aim was to analyze the effects of glyphosate on Wistar rat’s pituitary gland and pituitary-gonadal axis. Specific objectives determined male reproductive hormones of Wistar rats exposed to glyphosate; demonstrated possible endocrine disruptive action of glyphosate on Wistar rats and determined effects of glyphosate on histology of pituitary gland. Fifteen male adult Wistar rats of 200g and above used for the study were randomly assigned into three groups A, B and C of 5 rats in each. Group A (control) gavaged with only distilled water. Group B (low dose) and Group C (high dose) were gavaged with 400mg and 2000mg of glyphosate/kg body weight/day respectively. All the rats were treated for 60 days before sacrificing, collection of blood sample and harvesting of tissue for analysis. Collated data were entered into Statistical Package for Social Scientists (version 21) for t-test and test of significance (p<0.05). Both follicle stimulating hormone and testosterone were significantly decreased in treated rats. The levels of luteinizing hormone, prolactin, oestrogen, progesterone and testosterone/oestrogen ratio statistically increased among treated groups. Adenohypophysis in Group B rats illustrated cellular hyperplasia with mitotic bodies while those of Group C demonstrated fewer cells that are widely separated by connective tissue. This study established glyphosate as an endocrine disrupting chemical. Histological slides of the pituitary gland of treated rats showed some level of abnormality. High-resolute imaging techniques were suggested for better imaging.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130370047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Primordial Methods of Antenatal and Delivery Services on the Prowl in North- Central Nigeria 在尼日利亚中北部徘徊的产前和分娩服务的原始方法

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.46912/JBRCP.48

O. Audu, C. Ojabo, Ojabo Ao, V. Omole, G. Ogbeyi, M. Maanongun

{"title":"Primordial Methods of Antenatal and Delivery Services on the Prowl in North- Central Nigeria","authors":"O. Audu, C. Ojabo, Ojabo Ao, V. Omole, G. Ogbeyi, M. Maanongun","doi":"10.46912/JBRCP.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/JBRCP.48","url":null,"abstract":"The Nigeria national reproductive health policy that was put in place to control maternal mortality is yet to achieve its desired effects as it is been hampered by the activities of traditional birth attendants in most communities. This study assessed the correlates of patronage of traditional birth attendants among women of reproductive age group in three rural communities of Apa local Government area of Benue State, Nigeria. A community-based cross sectional study design was employed to study 456 women in the settlements via a multistage sampling technique. Structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent variables that had significant chi-square at p<0.05. The findings revealed that patronage of traditional birth attendants amongst the respondents was 172(37.7%). The prevalent reasons for the patronage by respondents were the affordable cost of treatment 135(78.5%), cultural acceptability 80(46.5%), negative attitude of health workers 58(33.8%), proximity 51(29.7%), and compassionate care of the traditional birth attendants 15(8.7%), Husband’s decisions 8(4.7%) and TBAs not embarking on industrial strike 3(1.7%). About 164(95.3%) of those that patronize traditional birth attendants were satisfied with the services rendered. However, 33(19.2%) admitted to have experienced complications during delivery. Education and the marital status of respondents had the highest impact (Beta= 3.114 and 2.486 respectively) on traditional birth attendants patronage. A more aggressive approach in advocacy and awareness campaign is therefore needed to promote the utilization of health facilities that are within the provision of the reproductive policy of the country.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123869764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Growing IDPs in the Country and Impact on Childhood Malnutrition: Averting a Future Generation with Stunted Growth and Knowledge 国内流离失所者人数的增加及其对儿童营养不良的影响:避免下一代成长和知识受到阻碍

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.46912/JBRCP.64

G. Jombo, O. Dabit

引用次数: 1

Prevalence of Substance Use Disorders among Patients of Accident and Emergency Department of a University Teaching Hospital 某大学教学医院急诊科患者物质使用障碍的流行状况

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.46912/jbrcp.59

D. Dapap, M. Audu, A. Obembe, S. Goar

{"title":"Prevalence of Substance Use Disorders among Patients of Accident and Emergency Department of a University Teaching Hospital","authors":"D. Dapap, M. Audu, A. Obembe, S. Goar","doi":"10.46912/jbrcp.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.59","url":null,"abstract":"Substance abuse and dependence are frequently encountered in emergency units of our hospitals, and it accounts for major health care problems frequently leading to accident and emergency department admission, though it is often missed or not diagnosed. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of drug abuse and dependence among patients attending Accident and Emergency Hospitals and to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of these patients with substance use disorders. A total of 200 consented participants attending the accident and emergency unit of the hospital were recruited into the study consecutively over a 2-week period. They were screened for psychoactive substance use disorders (PSUD) with Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and urine drug test (UDT) in the first phase and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) Instrument was used to make definitive diagnosis in the second stage. The result revealed that the prevalence of substance use disorders was 19.0% (13.0% for substance abuse and 6.0% for substance dependence). The study found that being male (p <0.001), widowed (p ≤0.012), and Christian (p ≤0.006) were associated with substance use disorders among patients presenting at accident and emergency units. The authors concluded that the prevalence of substance use disorders recorded in this study is higher compared to previous study conducted by Mustafa et al in Egypt with 11.5%. The reason could be due to inclusion of biochemical test (urine drug test) in our screening, whereas only self-report questionnaires were used in their study.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114166741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic and Clinical Significance of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Implication for Rising Prevalence in Nigeria 2型糖尿病的代谢及临床意义对尼日利亚患病率上升的影响

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.46912/JBRCP.V1.I2.2018.55

E. K. Oghagbon

{"title":"Metabolic and Clinical Significance of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Implication for Rising Prevalence in Nigeria","authors":"E. K. Oghagbon","doi":"10.46912/JBRCP.V1.I2.2018.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/JBRCP.V1.I2.2018.55","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is now a global epidemic which is also ravaging developing countries including Nigeria. Its impact in the country is significant with the disease found to impact on hospital admissions, mortality and life expectancy of patients. Previous investigations done in Nigeria showed that DM2 patients have poor glycaemic controls with resultant high levels of disease morbidity and mortality. This was demonstrated by consistently elevated mean HbA1c levels (> 8.0%) in Nigerian diabetics over a decade of assessment of care of the patients. Similarly the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy rose by more than 200% between 1989 and 2008. Diabetic morbidity which is underpinned by hyperglycaemia is associated with diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, foot ulcers and other clinical conditions such as hyperlipidaemia, altered sympathetic system, bone disorders, infertility, defective body sodium handling and renal compromise. Some investigators believe that persons of African ancestry are more susceptible to some diseases associated with DM2. This includes documented increased renal glomerular hyperfiltration in patients of African ancestry. The disease complications are linked to metabolic derangements which if properly understood and managed, may help to reduce the impact of the rising prevalence of DM2 in Nigeria. Furthermore, if the Nigerian medical team is aware of the peculiar susceptibility of blacks to DM2 complications, they will be able to apply appropriate treatment for improved care, despite rising disease prevalence.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"279 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116278964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics and Outcome of Paediatric Long Bone Fractures Managed in a University Teaching Hospital 某大学教学医院治疗小儿长骨骨折的特点及预后

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.46912/JBRCP.51

Itodo C Elachi, WT Yongu, J. Kortor, D. Mue, R. Abah

{"title":"Characteristics and Outcome of Paediatric Long Bone Fractures Managed in a University Teaching Hospital","authors":"Itodo C Elachi, WT Yongu, J. Kortor, D. Mue, R. Abah","doi":"10.46912/JBRCP.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/JBRCP.51","url":null,"abstract":"Fractures constitute a significant component of paediatric trauma. Paediatric fractures account for significant morbidity. This study was set to elucidate the characteristics and outcome of paediatric fractures in a university teaching hospital. Case notes were reviewed for socio-demographic and clinical variables. Statistical analysis was carried out using the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows, Version 21.0. The correlation between development of complications and prior treatment by traditional bone setters was determined using chi-squared tests. Fifty four long bone fractures were studied in 52 children. Their ages ranged from 1 day to 16 years with a mean of 8.85 ± 3.86 years. There were 29 males (55.8%) and 23 females (44.2%). The aetiology of childhood fractures included road traffic crashes (n=30, 57.7%), falls (n=10, 19.3%), sports injuries (n=8, 15.4). The long bones fractured were tibia (n=19, 35.2%), femur (n=14, 25.9%), distal radius (n=14, 25.9%) and supracondylar part of the humerus (n=7, 13.0%). Non-operative treatment modalities were the most frequent means employed in treating children with fractures in this study. Limb gangrene following prior treatment by traditional bone setters was the most common complication. There was a statistically significant correlation between development of complications and prior traditional bone setters treatment (p<0.001). Paediatric fractures were more common in boys, caused mostly by road traffic crashes. Most were patients discharged without deformities. Public enlightenment on trauma prevention, enforcement of school bus transport system and reducing street hawking by expanding school feeding programmes may help reduce incidence of paediatric fractures.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116754998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Imperatives of a Successful Medical Career 成功医疗事业的必备条件

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.46912/jbrcp.62

T. Swende

引用次数: 0