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Optimization of Water Distribution in Pagerwojo District Tulungagung, Indonesia, using Linear Programming Model 基于线性规划模型的印尼图伦加贡Pagerwojo区水资源分配优化
Civil Engineering Dimension Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.9744/ced.24.1.38-45
R. I. Hapsari, A. Suryadi, Affan Nurun Tajalla
{"title":"Optimization of Water Distribution in Pagerwojo District Tulungagung, Indonesia, using Linear Programming Model","authors":"R. I. Hapsari, A. Suryadi, Affan Nurun Tajalla","doi":"10.9744/ced.24.1.38-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.24.1.38-45","url":null,"abstract":"Optimization approaches has been utilized in solving complex water service problems. This study attempts to determine the optimal distribution system for clean water pipelines by applying linear programming method which enables the determination of the optimal and most affordable solution under all constraints. The decision variable was the water quantity allocated to the system. The piping investment, operational and maintenance costs in present value with 4% interest were calculated to obtain the water unit price. The allocated water should meet the requirements within a dependable discharge. The study was conducted in Pagerwojo District, Tulungagung Regency, Indonesia, grouped into three transmission lines with 106 l/s demand. There are three sources of fresh water, namely Song River, Klantur River, and Gondang Spring. The analysis reveals that the minimum cost was Rp456,679,296/month. Linear programming method is proven useful for determining the allocation of clean water in the most cost-efficient manner.","PeriodicalId":30107,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Dimension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45283970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Locking-free Kriging-based Timoshenko Beam Elements using an Improved Implementation of the Discrete Shear Gap Technique 使用离散剪切间隙技术的改进实现的基于无锁定Kriging的Timoshenko梁单元
Civil Engineering Dimension Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.9744/ced.24.1.11-18
Wong Foek Tjong, Stevanus W. Santoso, M. Sutrisno
{"title":"Locking-free Kriging-based Timoshenko Beam Elements using an Improved Implementation of the Discrete Shear Gap Technique","authors":"Wong Foek Tjong, Stevanus W. Santoso, M. Sutrisno","doi":"10.9744/ced.24.1.11-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.24.1.11-18","url":null,"abstract":"Kriging-based finite element method (K-FEM) is an enhancement of the conventional finite element method using a Kriging interpolation as the trial solution in place of a polynomial function. In the application of the K-FEM to the Timoshenko beam model, the discrete shear gap (DSG) technique has been employed to overcome the shear locking difficulty. However, the applied DSG was only effective for the Kriging-based beam element with a cubic basis and three element-layer domain of influencing nodes. Therefore, this research examines a modified implementation of the DSG by changing the substitute DSG field from the Kriging-based interpolation to linear interpolation of the shear gaps at the element nodes. The results show that the improved elements of any polynomial degree are free from shear locking. Furthermore, the results of beam deflection, cross-section rotation, and bending moment are very accurate, while the shear force field is piecewise constant.","PeriodicalId":30107,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Dimension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49282908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete Beams 钢筋地聚合物混凝土梁的非线性分析
Civil Engineering Dimension Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.9744/ced.24.1.1-10
A. Tambusay, B. Suryanto, K. Chong, P. Suprobo
{"title":"Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete Beams","authors":"A. Tambusay, B. Suryanto, K. Chong, P. Suprobo","doi":"10.9744/ced.24.1.1-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.24.1.1-10","url":null,"abstract":"To decarbonise the current construction sector and meet the global net-zero target, there is a pressing need to develop an environmentally friendly alternative to Portland cement concrete. Alkali activated and geopolymer concrete have much to offer in this regard. At present, however, there is limited study on the behaviours of alkali activated structural members, particularly on flexural members, which encompass most practical design situations. This paper presents a database of 37 tests on slender alkali activated and geopolymer concrete beams available in the literature, with the aim to investigate the flexural strengths of this alternative concrete when used as a structural member. In addition, the results of nonlinear finite element analyses on fourteen reinforced geopolymer concrete beams are presented to highlight key influencing factors governing the behaviour and failure of flexural members. Of particular interest is to study the influence of reinforcement ratio, compressive strength, and material brittleness on the overall strength and ductility. Overall, it is shown that the flexural response of geopolymer concrete beams under short-term loading is comparable to that of ordinary reinforced concrete beams.","PeriodicalId":30107,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Dimension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48208322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Application of Modified-Partial Capacity Design Method on 6- and 15-story Square Buildings with Variation in number of Elastic Columns 修正局部承载力设计方法在弹性柱数变化的6层和15层方形建筑中的应用
Civil Engineering Dimension Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.9744/ced.24.1.46-53
P. Pudjisuryadi, B. Lumantarna, F. Wijaya, C. Aphrodita, A. Jesica, Y. Karyanto, M. Theodora
{"title":"Application of Modified-Partial Capacity Design Method on 6- and 15-story Square Buildings with Variation in number of Elastic Columns","authors":"P. Pudjisuryadi, B. Lumantarna, F. Wijaya, C. Aphrodita, A. Jesica, Y. Karyanto, M. Theodora","doi":"10.9744/ced.24.1.46-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.24.1.46-53","url":null,"abstract":"Modified-Partial Capacity Design (M-PCD) is proposed as one alternative of structural design methods. In M-PCD, the partial side sway mechanism where beams and some columns may develop plastic hinges. This method uses two structural models during the design process. The models are used to simulate undamaged and damaged structures when subjected to design earthquake (R=8.0) and larger target earthquake (R=1.6) respectively. In this study, 6- and 15-story square buildings with 30% and 50% elastic column are designed using M-PCD. Performances of the buildings are investigated by using non-linear time history analysis. Results show that the buildings’ performances are still unsatisfactory, especially for the 15-story buildings. However, it should be noted that the levels of earthquakes used for the analysis were larger than that used for the design. A more accurate prediction of the required strength should be developed further to improve M-PCD.","PeriodicalId":30107,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Dimension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47243760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Structural Systems Comparison of Simply Supported PSC Box Girder Bridge Equipped with Elastomeric Rubber Bearing and Lead Rubber Bearing 弹性橡胶支座与铅橡胶支座简支PSC箱梁桥结构体系比较
Civil Engineering Dimension Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.9744/ced.24.1.19-30
Alvin Kurniawan Santoso, D. Sulistyo, A. Awaludin, Angga Fajar Setiawan, I. Satyarno, Sidiq Purnomo, Ignatius Harry
{"title":"Structural Systems Comparison of Simply Supported PSC Box Girder Bridge Equipped with Elastomeric Rubber Bearing and Lead Rubber Bearing","authors":"Alvin Kurniawan Santoso, D. Sulistyo, A. Awaludin, Angga Fajar Setiawan, I. Satyarno, Sidiq Purnomo, Ignatius Harry","doi":"10.9744/ced.24.1.19-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.24.1.19-30","url":null,"abstract":"This study compares the influence of elastomeric rubber bearing (ERB) as the regular bearing support and lead rubber bearing (LRB) as the seismic isolation device on the seismic performance of a seven-span simply supported prestressed concrete (PSC) box girder bridge, which was analyzed using nonlinear time history analysis (NLTHA) with the OpenSees software. The results showed that the maximum pier responses and damage were smaller in models with LRB than with ERB. The bridge model using ERB occurred the slightest damage at levels II, while the one using LRB was at levels I. In addition, the highest seismic performance level in the model with ERB was at the operational limit. Meanwhile, the seismic performance in the model with LRB was at the fully operational limit. Thus, LRB was a good preference for improving the seismic performance and mitigating the damage due to the seismic excitation with a slender pier.","PeriodicalId":30107,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Dimension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46350854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Layout, Topology, and Size Optimization of Steel Frame Design Using Metaheuristic Algorithms: A Comparative Study 采用元启发式算法的钢框架布局、拓扑和尺寸优化:比较研究
Civil Engineering Dimension Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.9744/ced.24.1.31-37
D. Prayogo, H. Santoso, Franky Budiman, Marcellino Jason
{"title":"Layout, Topology, and Size Optimization of Steel Frame Design Using Metaheuristic Algorithms: A Comparative Study","authors":"D. Prayogo, H. Santoso, Franky Budiman, Marcellino Jason","doi":"10.9744/ced.24.1.31-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.24.1.31-37","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the topology, layout, and size of structural elements is one of the most important aspects in designing steel seismic-resistant structures. Optimization of these parameters is beneficial to find the lightest weight of the structure, thus reducing construction cost. This study compares the performance of three metaheuristic algorithms, namely, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS), and Differential Evolution (DE). Three study cases are used in order to find the lightest structural weight without violating constraints based on SNI 1726:2019, SNI 1729:2020, and SNI 7860:2020. The results of this study show that SOS has better performance than other algorithms.","PeriodicalId":30107,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Dimension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44237130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comprehensive Investigation on the Potential of Fly Ash from New Source as Construction Material 新型粉煤灰用作建筑材料潜力的综合考察
Civil Engineering Dimension Pub Date : 2021-10-05 DOI: 10.9744/ced.23.2.78-90
A. Antoni, Florentcia Hartono, Steven Tanuwijaya, K. Wijaya, Agie Vianthi, D. Hardjito
{"title":"Comprehensive Investigation on the Potential of Fly Ash from New Source as Construction Material","authors":"A. Antoni, Florentcia Hartono, Steven Tanuwijaya, K. Wijaya, Agie Vianthi, D. Hardjito","doi":"10.9744/ced.23.2.78-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.23.2.78-90","url":null,"abstract":"Fly ash has been highly advocated to be re-utilized as a construction material. The most common utilization is to partially replace cement in a low-percentage scheme. However, there are several other schemes available to potentially use fly ash as binder in concrete that have not been widely exercised, especially those utilizing it in high to very high volume. In those schemes, high-volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete might use more than 50% fly ash to replace cement. To exploit its self-cementing properties, with or without the addition of other compounds, such as calcium hydroxide, fly ash might be used in very high percentage of cement replacement. In geopolymeric system, fly ash acts as the precursor of a stable binder, with the presence of highly alkaline solution. This paper demonstrates a model to investigate the potential of fly ash in several binder systems. The results show that fly ash from a good source can be utilized as an alternative binder in several different schemes.","PeriodicalId":30107,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Dimension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44678399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Experimental Investigation on the Failure Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Strengthened Reinforced Concrete T-beams 碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土T梁破坏性能的试验研究
Civil Engineering Dimension Pub Date : 2021-10-04 DOI: 10.9744/ced.23.2.115-122
J. Utomo, Muhammad Nur Khusyeni, W. Partono, A. Han, B. Gan
{"title":"Experimental Investigation on the Failure Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Strengthened Reinforced Concrete T-beams","authors":"J. Utomo, Muhammad Nur Khusyeni, W. Partono, A. Han, B. Gan","doi":"10.9744/ced.23.2.115-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.23.2.115-122","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) are widely used as external concrete reinforcement. The behavior of T-beams strengthened in shear and flexure using CFRP sheets and plates was studied to analyze the load carrying capacity and failure mode as compared to conventional concrete members. The bonding response of the plate-to-concrete was investigated by comparing a specimen with a plate anchored at the far ends, one without anchoring. The sheets were in situ wet lay-up, the plate was pre-impregnated and pultruded during manufacturing. The test result suggested that this integrated strengthening method notably improved the load-carrying capacity, it was also demonstrated that anchoring had a positive but insignificant effect on the moment capacity and deformation. The influence of anchoring was noteworthy from the point of view that it shifted the failure mode from debonding to CFRP plate rupture. The most important factors influencing the behavior of CFRP strengthened beams are outlined.","PeriodicalId":30107,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Dimension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47659630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Empirical Analysis for Measuring Travel Time Reliability on Road Network 路网出行时间可靠性测度的实证分析
Civil Engineering Dimension Pub Date : 2021-10-04 DOI: 10.9744/ced.23.2.100-107
M. Karami, Dwi Herianto, Siti Anugrah Mulya Putri Ofrial, Ning Yulianti
{"title":"Empirical Analysis for Measuring Travel Time Reliability on Road Network","authors":"M. Karami, Dwi Herianto, Siti Anugrah Mulya Putri Ofrial, Ning Yulianti","doi":"10.9744/ced.23.2.100-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.23.2.100-107","url":null,"abstract":"This research analyses the characteristics of travel time reliability for the road network in Kota Bandar Lampung. Therefore, travel time consists of access, wait and interchange time, while its reliability deals with variations of in-passenger/private cars time. Survey of travel time on each road was carried out for 12 hours (from 06.00 to 18.00) for five working days. Furthermore, the buffer time method was used to measure the characteristics of time travel reliability consisting of five measuring tools, namely planning time, planning time index, buffer time, buffer time index and travel time index. This research found that the temporal effects are the main factor that tends to affect travel time, whereas network effects are the second factor that tends to affect travel time. Furthermore, the regression equation was developed to express the effect of planning time (TPlan) and free-flow travel time on average travel time .","PeriodicalId":30107,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Dimension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42975033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Performance of a Cold Formed Steel Pedestrian Bridge under Static and Dynamic Loads 冷弯型钢人行天桥在静、动荷载作用下的性能
Civil Engineering Dimension Pub Date : 2021-10-04 DOI: 10.9744/ced.23.2.108-114
A. Awaludin, Maria Yasinta Menge Making, M. Ikhsan, Y. Adiyuano
{"title":"Performance of a Cold Formed Steel Pedestrian Bridge under Static and Dynamic Loads","authors":"A. Awaludin, Maria Yasinta Menge Making, M. Ikhsan, Y. Adiyuano","doi":"10.9744/ced.23.2.108-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.23.2.108-114","url":null,"abstract":"This paper summarizes new application of CFS in bridge constructions where a seven meters long pedestrian bridge was constructed. The bridge has 1.2m width, 0.8m depth, and is composed of CFS Warren truss and bondek floor systems. Natural frequency of the bridge considering only dead load application was found as 8.54 Hz and decreased to 7.08 Hz when the live load was included. Under static load test, the application of dead load only and both dead and live loads yielded a maximum deflection of 3.53 and 8.1 mm, respectively. Normal walking and running pedestrian loads were carried out created a maximum acceleration equaled to 0.11g. Lastly, sinusoidal waves application facilitated through a three-phase induction motor having self-weight of 24.86 kgf at frequency equal to 8.5 Hz was performed for one hour resulting no decrease of the natural frequency, thus the bridge can be assumed to experience no noticeable stiffness degradation.","PeriodicalId":30107,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Dimension","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43818789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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