DNA RepairPub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103392
Milagros Inés Ibáñez Busseti , Lucía Malvina Margara , Sofía Daiana Castell , Marisa Mariel Fernández , Emilio Luis Malchiodi , Guillermo Gabriel Montich , Virginia Miguel , Carlos Enrique Argaraña , Mariela Roxana Monti
{"title":"MutS recognition of mismatches within primed DNA replication intermediates","authors":"Milagros Inés Ibáñez Busseti , Lucía Malvina Margara , Sofía Daiana Castell , Marisa Mariel Fernández , Emilio Luis Malchiodi , Guillermo Gabriel Montich , Virginia Miguel , Carlos Enrique Argaraña , Mariela Roxana Monti","doi":"10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>MutS initiates mismatch repair<span> by recognizing mismatches in newly replicated DNA. Specific interactions between MutS and mismatches within double-stranded DNA promote ADP-ATP exchange and a conformational change into a sliding clamp. Here, we demonstrated that MutS from </span></span><span><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em></span><span> associates with primed DNA replication intermediates. The predicted structure of this MutS-DNA complex revealed a new DNA binding site<span>, in which Asn 279 and Arg 272 appeared to directly interact with the 3′-OH terminus of primed DNA. Mutation of these residues resulted in a noticeable defect in the interaction of MutS with primed DNA substrates. Remarkably, MutS interaction with a mismatch within primed DNA induced a compaction of the protein structure and impaired the formation of an ATP-bound sliding clamp. Our findings reveal a novel DNA binding mode, conformational change and intramolecular signaling for MutS recognition of mismatches within primed DNA structures.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":300,"journal":{"name":"DNA Repair","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 103392"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3081576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DNA RepairPub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103388
Xabier Vergara , Ruben Schep , René H. Medema , Bas van Steensel
{"title":"From fluorescent foci to sequence: Illuminating DNA double strand break repair by high-throughput sequencing technologies","authors":"Xabier Vergara , Ruben Schep , René H. Medema , Bas van Steensel","doi":"10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Technologies to study DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair have traditionally mostly relied on fluorescence read-outs, either by microscopy or flow cytometry. The advent of </span>high throughput sequencing (HTS) has created fundamentally new opportunities to study the mechanisms underlying DSB repair. Here, we review the suite of HTS-based assays that are used to study three different aspects of DNA repair: detection of broken ends, protein recruitment and pathway usage. We highlight new opportunities that HTS technology offers towards a better understanding of the DSB repair process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":300,"journal":{"name":"DNA Repair","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 103388"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3209393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DNA RepairPub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103381
Jessica A. Stewart , Ashok S. Bhagwat
{"title":"A redox-sensitive iron-sulfur cluster in murine FAM72A controls its ability to degrade the nuclear form of uracil-DNA glycosylase","authors":"Jessica A. Stewart , Ashok S. Bhagwat","doi":"10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Murine FAM72A, mFAM72A, binds the nuclear form of uracil-DNA glycosylase, mUNG2, inhibits its activity and causes its degradation. In immunoprecipitation assays the human paralog, hFAM72A, binds hUNG2 and is a potential anti-cancer drug target because of its high expression in many cancers. Using purified mFAM72A, and mUNG2 proteins we show that mFAM72A binds mUNG2, and the N-terminal 25 amino acids of mUNG2 bind mFAM72A at a nanomolar dissociation constant. We also show that mFAM72A is present throughout the cells, and mUNG2 helps localize it to nuclei. Based on <em>in silico</em> models of mFAM72A-mUNG2 interactions, we constructed several mutants of mFAM72A and found that while they have reduced ability to deplete mUNG2, the mutations also destabilized the former protein. We confirmed that Withaferin A, a predicted lead molecule for the design of FAM72A inhibitors, binds mFAM72A with micromolar affinity but has little affinity to mUNG2. We identified two potential metal-binding sites in mFAM72A and show that one of the sites contains an Fe-S cluster. This redox-sensitive cluster is involved in the mFAM72A-mUNG2 interaction and modulates mFAM72A activity. Hydrogen peroxide treatment of cells increases mUNG2 depletion in a FAM72A-dependent fashion suggesting that mFAM72A activity is redox-sensitive.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":300,"journal":{"name":"DNA Repair","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 103381"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3342834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DNA RepairPub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103386
Gunel Talibova, Yesim Bilmez, Saffet Ozturk
{"title":"DNA double-strand break repair in male germ cells during spermatogenesis and its association with male infertility development","authors":"Gunel Talibova, Yesim Bilmez, Saffet Ozturk","doi":"10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Spermatogenesis is a complex developmental process. During this process, male germ cells from </span>spermatogonia<span><span> to sperm cells encounter a number of DNA damages. The most severe form of these damages is double-strand breaks (DSBs) deriving from exogenous and endogenous genotoxic insults. DSBs must be correctly repaired in a short time to maintain genomic integrity in the male germ cells. For this purpose, there are four pathways working in repair of DSBs: homologous recombination<span> (HR), classical non-homologous end joining (cNHEJ), alternative end joining (aEJ), and single strand annealing (SSA). While the HR pathway repairs DSBs with a homology-based and error-free manner, the cNHEJ, aEJ, and SSA pathways join free ends in a sequence-independent mechanism. Possible impairments in these DSB repair mechanisms can lead to cell cycle arrest, abnormal </span></span>meiotic recombination, and ultimately </span></span>male infertility. In this review, we comprehensively introduce DSB repair pathways being used by male germ cells during spermatogenesis. Also, potential relationship between dysfunction in these pathways and male infertility development are discussed in the light of existing studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":300,"journal":{"name":"DNA Repair","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 103386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2892970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DNA RepairPub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103371
Kai Jiang , Yuanyuan Ding , Changjiang Dong , Feifei Shan , Kun Guo , Jiwang Zhang , Feng Zhang
{"title":"BCLAF1, a functional partner of BACH1, participates in DNA damage response","authors":"Kai Jiang , Yuanyuan Ding , Changjiang Dong , Feifei Shan , Kun Guo , Jiwang Zhang , Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>BACH1<span><span> (Brca1-Associated C-terminal Helicase) is an important DNA damage response<span> factor, which is involved in DNA damage repair and maintenance of </span></span>genomic stability. In this study, by using tandem protein affinity </span></span>purification<span><span><span>, we have identified BCLAF1 as a novel functional partner of BACH1. BCLAF1 constitutively interacts with BACH1 regardless of DNA damage. However, in response to DNA damage, along with BACH1, BCLAF1 is recruited to the DNA damage sites and the recruitment of BCLAF1 was regulated by BACH1 and BRCA1. Interestingly, BCLAF1 deficient cells are deficient for DSB-initiated </span>HR, but </span>RAD51 foci formation is intact following IR treatment. Taken together, these findings reveal that BCLAF1 is a functional binding partner of BACH1 playing a key role in DNA damage response.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":300,"journal":{"name":"DNA Repair","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 103371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1566286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DNA RepairPub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103373
Mats Ljungman
{"title":"Transcription and genome integrity","authors":"Mats Ljungman","doi":"10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transcription can cause genome instability<span><span> by promoting R-loop formation but also act as a mutation-suppressing machinery by sensing of DNA lesions leading to the activation of DNA damage signaling and transcription-coupled repair. Recovery of RNA synthesis following the resolution of repair of transcription-blocking lesions is critical to avoid apoptosis and several new factors involved in this process have recently been identified. Some </span>DNA repair proteins<span> are recruited to initiating RNA polymerases and this may expediate the recruitment of other factors that participate in the repair of transcription-blocking DNA lesions. Recent studies have shown that transcription of protein-coding genes does not always give rise to spliced transcripts, opening the possibility that cells may use the transcription machinery in a splicing-uncoupled manner for other purposes including surveillance of the transcribed genome.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":300,"journal":{"name":"DNA Repair","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 103373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1566287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DNA RepairPub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103385
Chiara Masnovo, Ayesha F. Lobo, Sergei M. Mirkin
{"title":"Replication dependent and independent mechanisms of GAA repeat instability","authors":"Chiara Masnovo, Ayesha F. Lobo, Sergei M. Mirkin","doi":"10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Trinucleotide repeat instability is a driver of human disease. Large expansions of (GAA)</span><sub>n</sub> repeats in the first intron of the <em>FXN</em><span> gene are the cause Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA), a progressive degenerative disorder which cannot yet be prevented or treated. (GAA)</span><sub>n</sub> repeat instability arises during both replication-dependent processes, such as cell division and intergenerational transmission, as well as in terminally differentiated somatic tissues. Here, we provide a brief historical overview on the discovery of (GAA)<sub>n</sub> repeat expansions and their association to FRDA, followed by recent advances in the identification of triplex H-DNA formation and replication fork stalling. The main body of this review focuses on the last decade of progress in understanding the mechanism of (GAA)<sub>n</sub><span> repeat instability during DNA replication and/or DNA repair. We propose that the discovery of additional mechanisms of (GAA)</span><sub>n</sub> repeat instability can be achieved via both comparative approaches to other repeat expansion diseases and genome-wide association studies. Finally, we discuss the advances towards FRDA prevention or amelioration that specifically target (GAA)<sub>n</sub> repeat expansions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":300,"journal":{"name":"DNA Repair","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 103385"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9675320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1569154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DNA RepairPub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103382
Edoardo José Longarini , Ivan Matic
{"title":"The fast-growing business of Serine ADP-ribosylation","authors":"Edoardo José Longarini , Ivan Matic","doi":"10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>ADP-ribosylation (ADPr) is a widespread post-translational modification (PTM) spanning all kingdoms of life. It is employed by bacteria and viruses in their war against the host, and by eukaryotes to regulate many physiological processes, across almost all cellular compartments. PARP1, the founding member of the PARP family, is an early sensor of single- and double-strand breaks and catalyzes ADPr to mediate DNA damage repair. The recent discovery of Serine-ADPr and the PARP1 accessory factor HPF1 has brought a momentous change to the field. Bolstered by innovative ways to study ADPr, new and exciting research directions are rapidly emerging. In this review we explore our understanding of the HPF1/PARP1-mediated ADPr signaling pathway in DNA damage. We focus on the mechanistic steps leading to Serine-ADPr and its relevance in the DNA damage response. We discuss important technological advances that have enabled a nuanced study of Serine-ADPr, and conclude with an overview of the role of PARP inhibitors in cancer therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":300,"journal":{"name":"DNA Repair","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 103382"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2892973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of DNA repair enzymes in bacteria: With a major focus on AddAB and RecBCD","authors":"Bing-Bing Wang, Jian-Zhong Xu , Feng Zhang, Shuai Liu, Jie Liu, Wei-Guo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>DNA </span>recombination repair<span> systems are essential for organisms to maintain genomic stability. In recent years, we have improved our understanding of the mechanisms of RecBCD/AddAB family-mediated DNA double-strand break repair. In </span></span><em>E. coli</em><span>, it is RecBCD that plays a central role, and in Firmicute </span><span><em>Bacillus subtilis</em></span><span> it is the AddAB complex that functions. However, there are open questions about the mechanism of DNA repair in bacteria. For example, how bacteria containing crossover hotspot instigator (Chi) sites regulate the activity of proteins. In addition, we still do not know the exact process by which the RecB nuclease or AddA nuclease structural domains load RecA onto DNA. We also know little about the mechanism of DNA repair in the industrially important production bacterium </span><span><em>Corynebacterium glutamicum</em></span> (<em>C. glutamicum</em>). Therefore, exploring DNA repair mechanisms in bacteria may not only deepen our understanding of the DNA repair process in this species but also guide us in the targeted treatment of diseases associated with recombination defects, such as cancer. In this paper, we firstly review the classical proteins RecBCD and AddAB involved in DNA recombination repair, secondly focus on the novel helical nuclease AdnAB found in the genus <span><em>Mycobacterium</em></span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":300,"journal":{"name":"DNA Repair","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 103389"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1566285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DNA RepairPub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103384
Fiona Jenkinson, Philip Zegerman
{"title":"Roles of phosphatases in eukaryotic DNA replication initiation control","authors":"Fiona Jenkinson, Philip Zegerman","doi":"10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In eukaryotes, the phosphorylation of replication initiation factors by protein kinases is crucial to DNA replication control. This control ensures that the genome is only copied once per cell cycle and that replication occurs in a timely manner, minimising stress. Indeed, uncontrolled DNA replication initiation causes genome instability and occurs early on in cancer development. Here we discuss the known roles of protein phosphatases in replication initiation as part of cell cycle control and the DNA damage response. We highlight how dephosphorylation ensures that DNA replication initiation events are robust, dynamic, and spatially regulated. As many kinases involved in replication control are targets for new chemotherapies, an understanding of the role of phosphatases may give critical insights into cancer treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":300,"journal":{"name":"DNA Repair","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 103384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3457684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}