S. Kourkoulis, I. Dakanali, E. Pasiou, I. Stavrakas, D. Triantis
{"title":"Acoustic Emissions versus Pressure Stimulated Currents during bending of restored marble epistyles: Preliminary results","authors":"S. Kourkoulis, I. Dakanali, E. Pasiou, I. Stavrakas, D. Triantis","doi":"10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.64","url":null,"abstract":"The efficiency of two modern sensing techniques, namely the “Acoustic Emissions” and the “Pressure Stimulated Currents” ones, when they are used as Continuous Structural Health Monitoring tools, is assessed experimentally. The protocol includes multi-point bending of an accurate copy of a fractured marble epistyle of the Parthenon’s Temple on the Acropolis of Athens, under a scale of 1:3. The integrity of the epistyle is restored with three pairs of bolted titanium bars, according to the pioneering technique developed by the scientists of the “Committee for the Conservation of the Acropolis Monuments”. The data provided by the above techniques are considered in juxtaposition to each other and also in comparison to data provided by the “Digital Image Correlation” technique. It is concluded that, at least from a qualitative point of view, the data of all three techniques are in good mutual agreement. Combined exploitation of the various sets of experimental data enlightens interesting aspects concerning the succession of failure mechanisms activated during the loading procedure, revealing the critical role of the internal interfaces characterizing the restored epistyle. Moreover it is definitely indicated that both the “Acoustic Emissions” and the “Pressure Stimulated Currents” techniques provide clear signs of upcoming failure well before macroscopically visible damages are detected at the external surface of the specimen.","PeriodicalId":300868,"journal":{"name":"Fracture and Structural Integrity","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130579056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation and visualization of multiaxial fatigue behavior under random non-proportional loading condition","authors":"T. Morishita, Fumio Ogawa, Takamoto Itoh","doi":"10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.07","url":null,"abstract":"In cyclic multiaxial stress/strain condition under nonproportional loading in which principal direction of stress/strain are changed in a cycle, it becomes difficult to analyze stress/strain ranges because of complexity of multiaxial stress/strain states depending on time in cycles. In order to evaluate stress/strain simply and suitably under non-proportional loading, Itoh and Sakane have proposed a method called as IS-method and a strain parameter for life evaluation under non-proportional loading ??NP. In the method, 6-components of stress/strain are converted to an equivalent stress/strain indicating the amplitude and the direction of principal stress/strain as a function of time as well as an intensity of loading nonproportionality fNP. Based on IS-method, the authors also have developed a tool which enables to analyze multiaxial stress/strain condition with the nonproportionality of loading history and evaluate failure life under nonproportional multiaxial loading. The tool indicates the analyzed results on monitor and users can understand visually not only variation of the stress/strain conditions but also non-proportionality during the cycle, which helps the design of material strength.","PeriodicalId":300868,"journal":{"name":"Fracture and Structural Integrity","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133548910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Gallo, S. Razavi, M. Peron, J. Torgersen, F. Berto
{"title":"Creep behavior of v-notched components","authors":"P. Gallo, S. Razavi, M. Peron, J. Torgersen, F. Berto","doi":"10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.57","url":null,"abstract":"Geometrical discontinues such as notches play a significant rule in structural integrity of the components, especially when the component is subjected to very severe conditions, such as the high temperature fatigue or creep. In this paper, a generalized form of the existing notch tip creep stressstrain analysis method developed by Nunez and Glinka, is developed and extended to a wide variety of blunt V-notches. Assuming the generalized Lazzarin-Tovo solution that allows a unified approach to the evaluation of linear elastic stress fields in the vicinity of both cracks and notches is the key in getting the extension to blunt V-notches. Numerous cases have been analysed and the stress fields obtained according to the proposed method were compared with proper finite element data, showing a very good agreement.","PeriodicalId":300868,"journal":{"name":"Fracture and Structural Integrity","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124950107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Carpinteri, G. Fortese, C. Ronchei, D. Scorza, S. Vantadori, F. Berto
{"title":"Joined application of a multiaxial critical plane criterion and a strain energy density criterion in low-cycle fatigue","authors":"A. Carpinteri, G. Fortese, C. Ronchei, D. Scorza, S. Vantadori, F. Berto","doi":"10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.10","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper, the multiaxial fatigue life assessment of notched structural components is performed by employing a strain-based multiaxial fatigue criterion. Such a criterion, depending on the critical plane concept, is extended by implementing the control volume concept reated to the Strain Energy Density (SED) approach: a material point located at a certain distance from the notch tip is assumed to be the verification point where to perform the above assessment. Such a distance, measured along the notch bisector, is a function of both the biaxiality ratio (defined as the ratio between the applied shear stress amplitude and the normal stress amplitude) and the control volume radii under Mode I and Mode III. Once the position of the verification point is determined, the fatigue lifetime is assessed through an equivalent strain amplitude, acting on the critical plane, together with a unique material reference curve (i.e. the Manson-Coffin curve). Some uniaxial and multiaxial fatigue data related to V-notched round bars made of titanium grade 5 alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) are examined to validate the present criterion.","PeriodicalId":300868,"journal":{"name":"Fracture and Structural Integrity","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127727311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of crack micro-roughness on the plasticity-induced fatigue propagation in high strength steel","authors":"J. Toribio, J. Matos, B. González","doi":"10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.09","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the locally multiaxial fatigue behaviour of high strength steel. To this end, the influence of the cracking path deflections (at the micro level) on the plasticity-induced fatigue crack growth is analyzed. With regard to this, a modelling by means of the finite element method was performed for a given stress intensity factor in the Paris regime, considering the existence of micro-roughness in the crack path (local micro-deflections with distinct micro-angles as a function of the microstructure of the material). The numerical results allow one to obtain the fatigue crack propagation rate and compare it with that for the same material in the absence of micro-roughness (with no micro-crack deflections, i.e., uniaxial fatigue behaviour).","PeriodicalId":300868,"journal":{"name":"Fracture and Structural Integrity","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131146705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stress Intensity Factor calculation from displacement fields","authors":"S. Beretta, L. Patriarca, S. Rabbolini","doi":"10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.36","url":null,"abstract":"In the last two decades, visual image techniques such as Digital Image Correlation (DIC) enabled to experimentally determine the crack tip displacement and strain fields at small scales. The displacements are tracked during loading, and parameters as the Stress Intensity Factor (SIF), opening and closing loads, T-stress can be readily measured. In particular, the SIFs and the T-stress can be obtained by fitting the analytical equation of the Williamstype expansion with the experimentally-determined displacement fields. The results in terms of fracture mechanics parameters strictly depend on the dimension of the area considered around the crack tip in conjunction with the crack length, the maximum SIF (and thus the plastic tip radius), and the number of terms to be considered in the Williams-type expansion. This work focuses in understanding the accuracy of the SIF calculation based on these factors. The study is based on Finite Element Analysis simulations where purely elastic material behavior is considered. The accuracy of the estimation of the SIF is investigated and a guide-line is provided to properly set the DIC measurements. The analysis is then experimentally validated for crack closure measurements adopting the SENT specimen geometry.","PeriodicalId":300868,"journal":{"name":"Fracture and Structural Integrity","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131250280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of longitudinal cracked two-dimensional functionally graded beams exhibiting material non-linearity","authors":"V. Ri̇zov","doi":"10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.61","url":null,"abstract":"An analytical study of longitudinal fracture in two-dimensional functionally graded cantilever beam configurations is carried-out with taking into account the non-linear behavior of material. A longitudinal crack is located arbitrary along the beam cross-section height. The material is functionally graded along the width as well as along the height of beam. The external loading consists of a bending moment applied at the free end of lower crack arm. Fracture is studied in terms of the strain energy release rate by considering the beam complementary strain energy. The solution derived is verified by analyzing the longitudinal crack with the help of the J-integral. The distribution of J-integral value along the crack front is studied. The effects of crack location, material gradients and non-linear behavior of material on the fracture are elucidated. The analysis reveals that the material non-linearity has to be taken into account in fracture mechanics based safety design of structural members and components made of two-dimensional functionally graded materials.","PeriodicalId":300868,"journal":{"name":"Fracture and Structural Integrity","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114639384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gradient approach for the evaluation of the fatigue limit of welded structures under complex loading","authors":"Y. Nadot, D. Halm, F. Coelho","doi":"10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.30","url":null,"abstract":"Welded ‘T-junctions’ are tested at different load ratio for constant and variable amplitude loading. Fatigue results are analyzed through the type of fatigue mechanisms depending on the loading type. A gradient approach (WSG: Welded Stress Gradient) is used to evaluate the fatigue limit and the comparison with experimental results shows a relative good agreement. Nonlinear cumulative damage theory is used to take into account the variable amplitude loading.","PeriodicalId":300868,"journal":{"name":"Fracture and Structural Integrity","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129935897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Razavi, M. Peron, J. Torgersen, F. Berto, F. Mutignani
{"title":"Effect of hot dip galvanization on the fatigue strength of steel bolted connections","authors":"S. Razavi, M. Peron, J. Torgersen, F. Berto, F. Mutignani","doi":"10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.54","url":null,"abstract":"Hot dip galvanized steel bolted joints has been tested under fatigue loading to evaluate the effect of galvanizing coating on the fatigue strength of S355 structural steel. The experimental results showed that the decrease of the fatigue life of coated specimens in comparison with that of uncoated joints is very limited and the results are in good agreement with Eurocode detail category, without substantial reductions. The procedure for coating and preparation of the bolted joints is described in detail in this paper providing a useful tool for engineers involved in similar practical applications. The experimental results are compared with the previously published data on central hole notched galvanized and not treated specimens characterized by the same geometry.","PeriodicalId":300868,"journal":{"name":"Fracture and Structural Integrity","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130288667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Razavi, M. Peron, J. Torgersen, F. Berto, T. Welo
{"title":"40CrMoV13.9 notched specimens under multiaxial fatigue: an overview of recent results","authors":"S. Razavi, M. Peron, J. Torgersen, F. Berto, T. Welo","doi":"10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.41.55","url":null,"abstract":"The multiaxial fatigue strength of circumferentially V-notched and semicircular notched specimens made of 40CrMoV13.9 has been investigated in this paper. The multiaxial load were applied using combined tension and torsion loading, both in-phase and out-of-phase. The axissymmetric V-notched specimens were characterized by a blunt notch tip (radius: 1 mm) and notch opening angle of 90o and the semicircular specimens were characterized by a constant notch tip radius. The net sectional area of both cases was equal with a diameter of 12 mm. The notched specimens were tested under pure mode I (tension), mixed mode I/III and pure mode III (torsion). More than 120 fatigue test data are used in this paper to evaluate the fatigue behaviour of 40CrMoV13.9 alloy. All fatigue data are analysed using the Average Strain Energy Density (ASED) criterion which employs the mean value of the strain energy density evaluated over a finite size semicircular sector surrounding the tip of the notch to predict the fatigue life of the tested specimens.","PeriodicalId":300868,"journal":{"name":"Fracture and Structural Integrity","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133125749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}