West African Journal of Radiology最新文献_第2页

Opportunistic use of “follow-up” chest and abdominal computed tomography in the assessment of bone mineral density of breast cancer patients in a resource-poor nation 在一个资源贫乏的国家，利用“随访”胸部和腹部计算机断层扫描评估乳腺癌患者的骨密度

West African Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/wajr.wajr_20_21

Y. Mensah, C. Edusa, J. Nsaful, N. Mensah, A. Badu-Peprah, H. Gbadamosi, Andrea A. Y. Appau, A. Amankwa

{"title":"Opportunistic use of “follow-up” chest and abdominal computed tomography in the assessment of bone mineral density of breast cancer patients in a resource-poor nation","authors":"Y. Mensah, C. Edusa, J. Nsaful, N. Mensah, A. Badu-Peprah, H. Gbadamosi, Andrea A. Y. Appau, A. Amankwa","doi":"10.4103/wajr.wajr_20_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wajr.wajr_20_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer patients experience bone loss from treatment-induced menopause, as well as from the direct effect of cancer. The use of computed tomography (CT) attenuation values of the lumbar spine to estimate bone mineral density has been validated by several studies. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at Sweden Ghana Medical Centre and Korle Bu Teaching Hospital between June 2016 and August 2019. Measurement of Hounsfield unit (HU) of lumbar vertebrae was achieved by drawing an elliptical region of interest (ROI) on an axial image of the vertebra about 2–3 mm from the spinal cortical bone. The mean HU of the ROI was measured on bone window for each of the vertebral bodies, and the values were documented and analyzed. Results: The mean bone densities of the vertebrae were generally higher for the noncancer patients compared to the breast cancer patients for all the age groups. The measured bone densities showed a normal distribution curve. The range of bone density for osteopenia and osteoporosis was between 174.4 and 236.4 HU and <174.4 HU, respectively. A Pearson's correlation analysis between patient age and bone density for both groups showed a negative statistically significant relationship. Conclusion: Using CT attenuation values of lumbar vertebra to estimate bone density established that the bone densities follow a normal distribution, the mean bone density for breast cancer patients were slightly lower than for noncancer patients, and age correlated better with lumbar bone density in noncancer patients than in breast cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"42 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48419664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

West African Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/wajr.wajr_10_21

N. Irurhe, N. Ibeabuchi, O. Olowoyeye, O. Ihekuna, O. Balogun, Caleb Yakubu, F. Duru

{"title":"Age-related ultrasonographic mammary gland density patterns: Implication for breast cancer risk","authors":"N. Irurhe, N. Ibeabuchi, O. Olowoyeye, O. Ihekuna, O. Balogun, Caleb Yakubu, F. Duru","doi":"10.4103/wajr.wajr_10_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wajr.wajr_10_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mammary gland/breast density is important because it is a known biomarker for breast cancer risk. However, the sensitivity of mammography decreases with high breast density found in younger age group. Ultrasound is considered as the first-line examination in the classification of breast density and in the detection and characterization of breast lesions. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between age and ultrasonographic breast density pattern and its implication for breast cancer risk. Materials and Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive study involving 658 females. Breast ultrasonographic scans were performed using a Sonoace X1 Machine with a 7.5 MHz transducer. The lesions detected and classified by ultrasonography as benign or malignant were further subjected to cytopathology. Results: Modal age group of the participants ranged from 33 to 43 years representing 29.8%. There was significant correlation (P<0.01) between ultrasonographic mammary gland density pattern and age, the age group of <33 years demonstrated predominant fibroglandular density pattern with mostly benign lesions, while the age group of 33–53 years demonstrated predominant heterogeneous breast density pattern with most of the malignant lesions in this age group, making it the high-risk group for breast cancer. Conclusion: The relationship between age and ultrasonographic breast density is inversely proportional and not absolute. It also concludes that ultrasonography is a reliable screening tool in the diagnostic process for mammary gland lesions, and as an imaging tool, it is the preferred modality in dense breast. The heterogeneous fibroglandular pattern emerged as the high-risk group for breast cancer, especially in middle age.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":"7 11","pages":"31 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41270566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inguinal masses in pregnancy: A case of round ligament varicosty in Ghana 妊娠腹股沟肿块:加纳圆韧带静脉曲张1例

West African Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/wajr.wajr_12_20

Gilbertson Allorsey

{"title":"Inguinal masses in pregnancy: A case of round ligament varicosty in Ghana","authors":"Gilbertson Allorsey","doi":"10.4103/wajr.wajr_12_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wajr.wajr_12_20","url":null,"abstract":"Round ligament varicosities (RLVs) are noted to present diagnostic difficulties for clinicians and are often mistaken to be inguinal hernias. Very few of such cases have been reported globally. To the best of my knowledge, no case on RLV has been reported in Ghana and as such, this case study is likely to be the first reported case in Ghana. A 27-year-old pregnant woman reported to the hospital with complains of bilateral inguinal swelling accompanied with intermittent excruciating pain. The swellings are visible with the woman in the standing position but disappear with the woman lying supine. The swellings are however prominent in the supine position on Valsalva maneuver. The woman was diagnosed with bilateral inguinal hernia and was scheduled for possible surgery after delivery. Dilatation of the vasculature of the round ligament presents as a bulging mass within the inguinal canal, mimicking inguinal hernias when examined physically. The distinction between the two, thus, the RLV and inguinal hernia is established with ultrasound scan examination. Diagnosing RLVs require the use of a color/power Doppler ultrasound machine and also well-trained clinical personnel with sonographic expertise. Ultrasound scan has been recognized to diagnose RLV effectively and to produce a clear-cut distinction from inguinal hernia. Accurate diagnosis of RLV is also essential to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions since the condition is noted to mostly resolve by itself after delivery.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"15 - 17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42817227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Effect of topical xylocaine for pain relief during hysterosalpingography among infertile women in Zaria, Nigeria: A randomized controlled trial 在尼日利亚扎里亚的不孕症妇女子宫输卵管造影期间局部使用木卡因缓解疼痛的效果:一项随机对照试验

West African Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/wajr.wajr_9_20

A. Yahya, Nafisa Bello, Hajara Umaru-Sule, Aminatu Umar, Halima Muhammad, P. Ibinaiye

{"title":"Effect of topical xylocaine for pain relief during hysterosalpingography among infertile women in Zaria, Nigeria: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"A. Yahya, Nafisa Bello, Hajara Umaru-Sule, Aminatu Umar, Halima Muhammad, P. Ibinaiye","doi":"10.4103/wajr.wajr_9_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wajr.wajr_9_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a radiological procedure that is used to assess the patency of the female genital tract. It is a routine procedure for evaluating female factor infertility in our environment where the incidence of tubal factor infertility is high. It is associated with varying degrees of discomfort and pain. The study aimed at comparing the efficacy of topical analgesia to a placebo for providing pain relief in women undergoing HSG as workup for infertility. Subjects and Methods: The study was a double-blind, parallel group randomized controlled trial of 117 infertile women who had HSG at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, from February to December 2019. The intervention group (n = 59) and the control (n = 58) had 15 ml of 2% xylocaine gel and 15 ml of K-Y jelly (placebo) applied directly on their uterine cervical lip, respectively. The primary outcome measure was the mean Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain perception on each group during HSG at the point of cervical manipulation and uterine filling with contrast. Results: The mean VAS scores for pain perception in the xylocaine group during cervical manipulation and uterine filling were 2.3 (0.24) and 3.5 (0.35), respectively, while the scores for the placebo group during cervical manipulation and uterine filling were 7.1 (1.8) and 5.5 (0.32), respectively. The observed difference was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: During HSG of infertile women in Zaria, Nigeria, the use of topical xylocaine on the uterine cervix was associated with decreased pain perception during cervical manipulation and uterine filling with contrast when compared to placebo. “Trial registry: Www.clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier NCT03802032.”","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"8 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48859685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hemothorax or not: Use of extrapleural fat sign 是否有血胸:使用胸膜外脂肪征象

West African Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/wajr.wajr_33_19

R. Dahiya, Thaker Nirav, Jaggi T. Sunila, Talwar A. Inder

引用次数: 0

Patients' perspective of one-stop breast clinic, Lagos University Teaching Hospital 拉各斯大学教学医院一站式乳房门诊的患者视角

West African Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/wajr.wajr_21_20

B. Adegboyega, Kayode Irurhe, Caleb Yakubu, A. Bashir, A. Ogunyemi, A. Alabi

{"title":"Patients' perspective of one-stop breast clinic, Lagos University Teaching Hospital","authors":"B. Adegboyega, Kayode Irurhe, Caleb Yakubu, A. Bashir, A. Ogunyemi, A. Alabi","doi":"10.4103/wajr.wajr_21_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wajr.wajr_21_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The complex nature of cancer diagnosis and treatment, with the pressing need for individualized patient care, has led to the services being organized into multidisciplinary teams (MDTs), also called tumor boards or cancer conferences. MDTs are beneficial as they provide coordinated, consistent, expert-driven, and cost-effective care that is delivered in a timely fashion to the patient. This study is aimed to assess the level of impact of a one-stop breast clinic on the management of breast cancer among breast cancer patients in Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among patients who attended the MDT breast clinic on referral from within and outside Lagos University Teaching Hospital LUTH. Results: The mean age ± standard deviation of the respondents was of 33.4 ± 7.62 years. More than half of the respondents (66%) felt satisfied about the workings of the MDT clinic, with less than a quarter of respondents reporting that were very satisfied with the clinic. Almost all the respondents (90%) were of the view that it allowed for a more expert opinion. Problems faced by the clinic in the MDT Clinic included filled up booking times (6%) and not taking enough time to attend to patients (2% each). Conclusion: The study revealed a good level of satisfaction among respondents about the MDT clinic; however, reservation on issues such as booking time, better patient to doctor relationship, and availability of more doctors were still of concern to patients. Addressing these issues are vital in achieving an all-round great experience in the multidisciplinary setting.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46765486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kartagener's syndrome in a young female: A rare diagnosis in a resource-limited facility 一名年轻女性的卡塔格纳综合征:在资源有限的设施中罕见的诊断

West African Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/wajr.wajr_24_20

Y. Lawal, Muhammed Suwaid, M. Yahuza, H. kolade-Yunusa

{"title":"Kartagener's syndrome in a young female: A rare diagnosis in a resource-limited facility","authors":"Y. Lawal, Muhammed Suwaid, M. Yahuza, H. kolade-Yunusa","doi":"10.4103/wajr.wajr_24_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wajr.wajr_24_20","url":null,"abstract":"Kartagener's syndrome (KS) is a subset of a larger group of ciliary motility disorders called primary ciliary dyskinesia. It is a genetic disease with an autosomal recessive inheritance characterized by inefficient or absent mucociliary clearance. It is a very rare congenital malformation comprising a classical triad of situs inversus, bronchiectasis, and sinusitis. A 22-year-old single female Nigerian came to our health facility with complaints of recurrent productive, non-foul-smelling cough, nasal discharge, and occasional shortness of breath since early childhood. She had a positive history of recurrent hospital visitations and chronic use of antibiotics but with few hospitalizations for recurrent chest infection. Chest examination revealed a maximally audible apex beat on the right side of her chest. Chest radiograph showed dextrocardia, while a chest computer tomography scan revealed cystic and varicose bronchiectatic changes with peribronchial thickening and multiple tiny interstitial nodules, mainly in the bilateral middle and lower lung fields. The patient had a fair response on inhaled steroids, nasal steroid spray, antibiotics, mucolytics, and bronchodilators. She is on follow-up clinic visits and close monitoring for potential complications. Patients with KS exist in resource-poor settings like northern Nigeria, largely being managed as cases of chronic sinusitis, pneumonia, or asthma. Although there is no rapid, reliable, non-invasive diagnostic test for KS, accurate diagnosis is crucial if the risks of complications from advanced disease and reduced quality of life are to be averted.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"27 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44690251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Portal biliopathy in a Nigerian: A pictorial case report of a rare finding 尼日利亚人门静脉胆道病：一例罕见病例的图片报告

West African Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/wajr.wajr_16_20

A. Oluyemi, S. Waghmare, Raymond Kuti

引用次数: 0

Perspectives of Nigerian doctors on the practice of rebates, fee-splitting, and kickbacks 尼日利亚医生对回扣、费用分摊和回扣的看法

West African Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/wajr.wajr_19_19

B. Idowu, M. Soneye, Tolulope Okedere, S. Onigbinde, Aderemi Ishola

{"title":"Perspectives of Nigerian doctors on the practice of rebates, fee-splitting, and kickbacks","authors":"B. Idowu, M. Soneye, Tolulope Okedere, S. Onigbinde, Aderemi Ishola","doi":"10.4103/wajr.wajr_19_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wajr.wajr_19_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fee splitting is a global pandemic in the health-care industry, whereby financial and nonfinancial inducements are offered to health-care practitioners in exchange for guaranteed patient referral, continuous patronage, or preferential usage/prescription of the payer's products. Methods: We surveyed 280 medical doctors from August 2017 to October 2017 to assess their knowledge, perception, and attitude toward fee-splitting using self-administered questionnaires. Results: The majority (89%) of our respondents indicated that they were aware of the existence of fee-splitting in the Nigerian health-care industry. About 34% accept rebates, while 70% admitted to knowing other colleagues who accept rebates. The amount received as rebates was ≤20% of the cost of an investigation. More than half of the respondents (52%) opined that the practice is a nationwide phenomenon. An astonishing 78% of respondents either did not know (61%) or asserted wrongly (17%) that the practice is not a violation Nigerian Medical Council rules. Only 46% affirmed that the practice is unethical. Compared to private hospitals, fee-splitting is less in public hospitals. Sixty-one percent noted that other health-care workers (besides physicians) are also involved. The primary allures of fee-splitting were a quest for an extra source of income (64%), poor/irregular salaries (60%), ignorance of its illegality (56%), and greed (47%). The identified deleterious consequences were unnecessary investigations/procedures, inflated health-care cost, quackery, delayed treatment/prolonged hospital stay, beclouded clinical judgment, and negative public perception. Conclusion: Stricter regulatory enforcement and continuous ethics education are needed to disrupt the widespread fee-splitting culture.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":"27 1","pages":"128 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47762629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The impact of playing wind musical instruments on the masseter muscles in a West African population 演奏管乐器对西非人群咬肌的影响

West African Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/wajr.wajr_4_20

T. Adeyemi, O. Otuyemi, B. Bamgbose, S. Muhammad

{"title":"The impact of playing wind musical instruments on the masseter muscles in a West African population","authors":"T. Adeyemi, O. Otuyemi, B. Bamgbose, S. Muhammad","doi":"10.4103/wajr.wajr_4_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wajr.wajr_4_20","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The morphological dimension of the masseter muscle is largely influenced by physical and habitual activities, which may impact directly on its performance. This study assessed the effects of playing wind musical instruments on the masseter muscle thickness in a male Nigerian adult population. Materials and Methods: Equal numbers of male wind instrument players (WIP) were recruited and compared with nonwind instrument players (non-WIP) of the same age. Information on the sociodemographic characteristics, history, and type of wind instrument played was obtained. The masseter muscle thickness and fractional shortening were determined during relaxation and contraction using a linear probe of 7.5 MHz on ultrasound machine (Biosound Esaote MyLab40 Ultrasound machine; 2012; Italy, Rome). Reliability test demonstrated an excellent intrarater correlation (Cronbach's alpha; 0.98). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: The overall mean thickness of the masseter muscle at relaxation, contraction, and fractional shortening in WIP group was 9.21 ± 1.43 mm, 14.22 ± 1.95 mm, and 35.06% ± 5.07%, respectively, while 8.92 ± 1.12 mm, 13.97 ± 1.44 mm, and 36.08% ± 4.48%, respectively, in non-WIP group. No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups (P > 0.05). Type of instrument played, duration, and frequency of play did not significantly affect the muscle thickness except for the number of years of play. There was also a significant right/left side dichotomy in each group. Conclusions: Playing a wind instrument showed no significant effect on the thickness of the masseter muscle, however there was a significant increase in the muscle thickness with increasing years of play of wind instruments.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":"27 1","pages":"114 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41981900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0