ACS Engineering AuPub Date : 2026-06-17Epub Date: 2026-06-08DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.6c00008
Oscar Paz-Vázquez, Blanca Alejandra Juárez-Ortega, Cinthia Erika Sánchez-Fuentes, Hugo Alberto Barrera-Huertas, Ivonne Berenice Bonilla-Martínez, Dulce Estefanía Nicolás-Álvarez, Tomás Alejandro Fregoso-Aguilar, Christian Damián Hernández-Reyes, Óscar Jesús Prado-Rubianes, Jorge Alberto Mendoza-Pérez
{"title":"Hybrid Photocatalytic/Biological Reactor for the Treatment of Acetone-Contaminated Gas Streams","authors":"Oscar Paz-Vázquez, Blanca Alejandra Juárez-Ortega, Cinthia Erika Sánchez-Fuentes, Hugo Alberto Barrera-Huertas, Ivonne Berenice Bonilla-Martínez, Dulce Estefanía Nicolás-Álvarez, Tomás Alejandro Fregoso-Aguilar, Christian Damián Hernández-Reyes, Óscar Jesús Prado-Rubianes, Jorge Alberto Mendoza-Pérez","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.6c00008","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.6c00008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Atmospheric pollution caused by volatile organic compounds(VOCs),such as acetone, poses a significant environmental challenge becauseof their toxicity and persistence. This study evaluated a hybrid photocatalytic/biologicalsystem for the treatment of acetone-contaminated gas streams, combininga UV-activated graphene oxide photocatalytic reactor with a biofilterpacked with plant aerenchyma inoculated with activated sludge. Thesystem operated for 15 weeks under controlled conditions, achievinga maximum removal efficiency of 80% and an overall average efficiencyof 60.98%. In silico studies indicated viable microbial metabolicpathways for acetone, and the low binding energy of the fungus <em>Penicillium chrysogenum</em> suggests a complementaryrole in the degradation of byproducts generated in the photocatalyticstage. The synergistic combination of advanced oxidation and microbialbiodegradation enabled an effective pollutant removal. Microbial successionwas observed during operation with an increase in fungus toleranceto adverse conditions. These results demonstrate the technical feasibilityof the hybrid system for the sustainable treatment of VOC-laden gasemissions and suggest its potential scalability for industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"6 3","pages":"477–489"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148666405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Engineering AuPub Date : 2026-06-17Epub Date: 2026-03-26DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.6c00003
Pamela Dias Rodrigues, Eric Keven Silva
{"title":"Aqueous Extraction of Phenolics from Mangosteen Peel Using Ultrasound and High-Shear Mechanical Processing: Extraction Selectivity and Energy Demand","authors":"Pamela Dias Rodrigues, Eric Keven Silva","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.6c00003","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.6c00003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Selectingaqueous extraction technologies for biomass valorizationrequires balancing process selectivity and energy demand rather thanmaximizing extraction yield alone. In this study, ultrasound-assistedextraction (UAE) and high-shear mechanical extraction (HSME) weresystematically compared for the aqueous recovery of phenolic compoundsfrom mangosteen peel byproduct. Both processes were evaluated in termsof extraction performance, phenolic selectivity, energy demand, temperaturerise, and process scalability. While HSME promoted a broader and lessselective release of phenolic compounds, reaching total phenolic concentrationsof up to 1161 ± 8 μg GAE/mL, UAE favored the enrichmentof specific phenolic subclasses, particularly anthocyanin-rich fractions,achieving 97 ± 3 μg C3OG/mL of total anthocyanins and ahigher proportion of red pigments (44 ± 1% vs. 38 ± 1% forHSME), and resulting in higher antioxidant capacity despite comparabletotal phenolic contents. Energy demand was assessed by distinguishingbetween energy effectively transferred to the medium, determined througha calorimetric approach, and electrical energy required at the systemlevel, revealing contrasting energy delivery modes between shear-and cavitation-driven processes. Although UAE delivered higher specificenergy to the extraction medium (up to 130.4 kJ/kg vs. 56.2 kJ/kgfor HSME), its batch operation and process complexity impose scalabilityconstraints, whereas HSME exhibited lower energy demand per unit massand greater operational robustness. A process-level sustainabilityassessment highlighted clear trade-offs between selectivity, energydemand, and scalability. Overall, the results demonstrate that energydelivery mode is a key design variable in aqueous phenolic extraction,providing a rational basis for selecting extraction strategies accordingto targeted phenolic profiles and process constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"6 3","pages":"463–476"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148624831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Engineering AuPub Date : 2026-06-17Epub Date: 2026-04-17DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00114
Yizhuo Xu, Nikita Rog, Catherine Mollart, Ganna Gryn’ova, Abbie Trewin, Cher Hon Lau
{"title":"Structural Modulation of TpPa-1 Covalent Organic Framework in Flow Synthesis Guided by Green Chemistry Principles","authors":"Yizhuo Xu, Nikita Rog, Catherine Mollart, Ganna Gryn’ova, Abbie Trewin, Cher Hon Lau","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00114","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Here we present a solvent decision-making pathway forless hazardousand scalable synthesis of TpPa-1 covalent organic framework (COF)underpinned by environmental compatibility (CHEM21 framework), processability(Hansen solubility parameters), and thermodynamic suitability (freeenergy of solvation). Our analyses suggest that solvents with moderatesolvation, such as 1,4-dioxane, propylene carbonate, and diacetin,hinder excessive reaction reversibility and promote crystallite growth.Balancing solvent greenness, compatibility, and thermodynamics, wefind that diacetin is optimal for a continuous-flow synthesis. Comparedwith TpPa-1 COF synthesized in diacetin under batch conditions, theBrunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of flow-derivedTpPa-1 reached 418 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>–1</sup>, increasingCO<sub>2</sub> uptake by 50% at 298 K. The flow process achieved a30-fold increase in space-time yield (STY), with excellent reproducibilityand an 89% reduction in specific energy consumption. This solvent-thermodynamics-guidedapproach establishes a physically transparent and sustainable frameworkfor optimizing COF synthesis under continuous-flow conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"6 3","pages":"427–436"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148296308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Engineering AuPub Date : 2026-06-17Epub Date: 2026-03-18DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00118
Sahar Jannesarahmadi, Milad Aminzadeh, Birte Hindenlang, Berit Zeller-Plumhoff, Fabian Wilde, Mehdi Mahdaviara, Patrick Huber, Nima Shokri
{"title":"Combined Effects of Salt and Microplastics on Evaporation and Crystallization Dynamics in Porous Media","authors":"Sahar Jannesarahmadi, Milad Aminzadeh, Birte Hindenlang, Berit Zeller-Plumhoff, Fabian Wilde, Mehdi Mahdaviara, Patrick Huber, Nima Shokri","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00118","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the combined effects of salinityand microplasticcontamination on the evaporation process and salt crystallizationin porous media through complementary column- and pore-scale experiments.Laboratory soil columns were packed with either pure sand or sandmixed with 5% (w/w) poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) microplastics and subsequentlysaturated with freshwater or saline (NaCl) solution. Evaporation andcrystallization dynamics were monitored by using mass loss measurements,surface optical and thermal imaging, and synchrotron X-ray tomography.Results show that salinity consistently suppressed evaporation byroughly 25–30%, whereas PVC microplastics enhanced it, generatingsubstantial differences in cumulative water loss across treatments.Moreover, thermal imaging revealed distinct surface responses: NaClsamples developed salt crusts that progressively reduced local temperaturecontrasts and led to more spatially uniform surface conditions, whereasPVC-NaCl samples exhibited lower mean surface temperatures but substantiallyhigher spatial variability, reflected in larger and more persistenttemperature anomalies during drying. Pore-scale μCT imagingfurther confirmed that microplastics altered crystallization patternsby redistributing salt deposition over the upper part of the sandprofile and modifying the nucleation behavior. Together, these findingsunderscore the complex interplay between microplastics and salinity,with implications for soil moisture regulation, surface energy flux,and environmental monitoring strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"6 3","pages":"437–445"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148666513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Engineering AuPub Date : 2026-04-15Epub Date: 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00098
Luis Alberto Gallo-García, Pedro J. Carvalho, Maria Isabel da Silva Nunes, Nian Vieira Freire, Alessandro Cazonatto Galvao, Daniela Helena Pelegrine Guimarães, Pedro Felipe Arce
{"title":"Screening of Protic Ionic Liquids with Catalytic Potential in the Transesterification Reaction Using COSMO-RS and Machine Learning","authors":"Luis Alberto Gallo-García, Pedro J. Carvalho, Maria Isabel da Silva Nunes, Nian Vieira Freire, Alessandro Cazonatto Galvao, Daniela Helena Pelegrine Guimarães, Pedro Felipe Arce","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00098","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00098","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global populationgrowth has led to the use of fossil fuels andglobal pollution problems. Biodiesel, a renewable and environmentallyfriendly alternative to petroleum fuel, is produced from organic oilsand animal fats, causing food safety issues. Unprocessed crude oilsare inexpensive raw materials with a high content of free fatty acids.Ionic liquids (ILs) are used as catalysts for biodiesel productionto solve the problems of traditional catalysts. This manuscript proposesthe COSMO-RS model and machine learning as predictive tools for screeningILs as catalysts for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) synthesis. COSMO-RSactivity coefficient model was used to obtain the ILs sigma profileand interaction energies (electrostatic-misfit (Emisfit), hydrogenbond (<em>E</em><sub>HB</sub>), and van der Waals (<em>E</em><sub>vdW</sub>)) to correlate the yield of reaction. Themachine learning models, such as K-nearest neighbor, Random ForestRegressor, Decision Tree Regressor model, Gradient Boosting Regressor,and Multilayer Perceptrons model, were applied to correlate the above-mentionedproperties. The Gradient Boosting Regressor model, using the analysisof the anion and cation sigma profiles, proved to be more efficientthan the same model, using the approach of the interaction energies.Based on the screening study, the ILs [<span>l</span>-arginine][Acetate],[<span>l</span>-arginine][HSO<sub>3</sub>], and [<span>l</span>-arginine][NO<sub>3</sub>] were selected, synthesized, and characterized.</p>","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"6 2","pages":"322–333"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148650938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Engineering AuPub Date : 2026-04-15Epub Date: 2026-03-18DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00099
Joseph S. Bailey, Jr., Søren C. Spina, Andrew Hu, Nathan Phan, Rachel B. Getman, Blaise R. Kimmel
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Chemical Engineering: Protein Design from First Principles to Structural Prediction","authors":"Joseph S. Bailey, Jr., Søren C. Spina, Andrew Hu, Nathan Phan, Rachel B. Getman, Blaise R. Kimmel","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00099","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00099","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Machine learning and artificial intelligence are improvingthespeed and accuracy of every step during the protein design process.Early computational strategies relied on physics-based modeling andenergy functions to identify amino acid sequences and desired folds.Recent advances in deep-learning structure prediction, diffusion-basedbackbone generation, and graph-based sequence design now allow researchersto explore the protein sequence and structural space more efficiently.These developments allow proteins to be used as fundamental systemswhose components can be engineered with high precision. Computationalpredictions still struggle to properly account for conformationaldynamics, catalytic environments, external interactions, and the broaderchemical diversity present in natural enzymes. This review coversthe progression from physics-based methods to deep learning, generativemethods, and includes current strategies for evaluating stabilityand function <em>in silico</em> and experimentally.</p>","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"6 2","pages":"249–268"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148650989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Engineering AuPub Date : 2026-04-15Epub Date: 2026-04-01DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00073
Asad Ayub, Iftikhar Ahmad, Ahmed Qazi, Hamza Sethi, Muhammad Zulkefal, Aleena Zulfiqar, Wejdan Deebani
{"title":"Machine Learning in Heat Exchangers: State-of-the-Art Review","authors":"Asad Ayub, Iftikhar Ahmad, Ahmed Qazi, Hamza Sethi, Muhammad Zulkefal, Aleena Zulfiqar, Wejdan Deebani","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00073","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00073","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Heat exchangers play a key role in energy-efficient andsustainableindustrial operations. However, process uncertainties are making realizationof efficient and stable heat exchanger operation a challenge. Computationalmethods have been helpful in designing, operation, and control ofheat exchanger. Recently, machine learning (ML) has emerged as a veryeffective tool in heat exchanger offline design as well as onlineoperation and control. This review focuses on the ML methods reportedin the literature on parameter estimation, such as fouling factorand heat transfer coefficient, thermal performance, control strategies,and offline and online optimization of heat exchangers. The more frequentlyused and effective ML methods are identified, and the gaps in researchand the demands of practical implementation are elaborated. This studywill provide the state of the art in ML applications in heat exchangersand will help in further studies in realizing the scaled-up digitaltwin realization for the Industry 4.0 mode of heat exchanger designand operation.</p>","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"6 2","pages":"231–248"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148624440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Engineering AuPub Date : 2026-04-15Epub Date: 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00092
Diego Alexander Gonzalez-Casamachin, Yuyang Hu, Srinivas Rangarajan, Jonas Baltrusaitis
{"title":"Mechanistic Insights for Plasma-Catalytic CO2 Reduction over TiO2 in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor","authors":"Diego Alexander Gonzalez-Casamachin, Yuyang Hu, Srinivas Rangarajan, Jonas Baltrusaitis","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00092","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00092","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reaction kineticsexperiments coupled with phenomenological kineticmodeling and parameter estimation are used to elicit insights intothe mechanism and active sites for the plasma-catalytic dissociationof CO<sub>2</sub> on TiO<sub>2</sub>. Experimental and model insightsshowed that gas-phase reactions contribute at least two-thirds ofthe overall product formation at explored conditions; weak temperaturedependence, strong sensitivity to specific energy input (SEI), apparentfirst order in CO<sub>2</sub>, and positive influence of cofed argon(Ar) and oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) for the gas-phase contributions allsuggest that expected plasma reaction steps such as electron-impactand high-energy collisions are the dominant modes for CO<sub>2</sub> dissociation. The Arrhenius-like expression for gas contributionsresulted in a preexponential of 4.40 × 10<sup>–3</sup> s<sup>–1</sup>, an <em>E</em><sub>SEI,g</sub> of7.90 × 10<sup>–4</sup> mol/kJ, and an <em>E</em><sub>a,g</sub> of 1.00 × 10<sup>–3</sup> J/mol. For surfacecontributions, the small apparent barrier of 16.3 kJ/mol, relativelyweaker dependence on SEI, first-order dependence on CO<sub>2</sub>, and insensitivity to cofed Ar and O<sub>2</sub> all point to CO<sub>2</sub> dissociation on TiO<sub>2</sub> surface facets without vacanciesand aided by plasma (leading to vibrationally excited CO<sub>2</sub> and/or a reactive surface with significant surface charge accumulation).The Arrhenius-like expression resulted in a preexponential of 7.81× 10<sup>–2</sup> s<sup>–1</sup>, an <em>E</em><sub>SEI,s</sub> of 1.90 × 10<sup>–3</sup> mol/kJ, andan <em>E</em><sub>a,s</sub> of 1.63 × 10<sup>4</sup> J/mol.The derived kinetic model further enabled a systematic evaluationof the effect of inputs (plasma power, flow rate, CO<sub>2</sub> inletconcentration, and temperature) to identify process trends and optimaloperating conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"6 2","pages":"334–344"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Engineering AuPub Date : 2026-04-15Epub Date: 2026-02-24DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00083
Conor M. Lewis, Owen Watts Moore, Charles T. Heise, Jennifer Tovey, Thomas A. Waigh
{"title":"Optical Coherence Tomography Velocimetry for In-Line Processing of Biologics: Concentrated and Gelling Monoclonal Antibody Solutions","authors":"Conor M. Lewis, Owen Watts Moore, Charles T. Heise, Jennifer Tovey, Thomas A. Waigh","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00083","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00083","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Optical coherence tomography velocimetry (OCTV) was demonstratedwith in-line processing of biologics for the first time. OCTV allowedthe velocity of concentrated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs at 39.5–84.7mg mL<sup>–1</sup>) to be probed in 3.4 pL volumes over distances0–5 mm from the pipe walls. The large penetration depth isfacilitated by the relatively low turbidity of mAbs at near-infraredwavelengths (1300 nm). The mAb solutions could be concentrated insitu and the changes to the viscoelasticity measured. Higher concentrationmAb solutions became shear thinning (following the power law fluidmodel) and the amplitude of their velocity fluctuations decreased.Furthermore, dropping the pH of the mAb solutions induced a gelationphase transition and complex changes to the mAb rheology could beobserved with OCTV e.g. thixotropy and the formation of a stationaryboundary layer. Thus, in situ formulation of mAbs could be exploredwith OCTV under industrially relevant conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"6 2","pages":"296–306"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Engineering AuPub Date : 2026-04-15Epub Date: 2026-03-21DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00116
Vojtěch Jašek, Silvestr Figalla, Radek Přikryl
{"title":"Itaconic Acid–Based Compounds Fulfilling the Role of Biotechnologically Produced Alternatives to Fossil-Based Precursors for Material Applications","authors":"Vojtěch Jašek, Silvestr Figalla, Radek Přikryl","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00116","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00116","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Itaconic acid (IA)attracts significant attention inseveral applicationfields, including the materials industry, due to its solid-state form,which is associated with lower volatility and toxicity, and its exceptionalpotential for chemical functionalization. This debate presents numerouspositive aspects of itaconate-based materials for specific applications,such as additive manufacturing, composite fabrication, coating production,adhesive synthesis, textile additives incorporation, and particularengineering for hydrogels. We evaluate many of the efficient viewpointsand advantages itaconic acid offers for the currently engineered systemsthat use fossil-based compounds and precursors. Unlike similar functionalmolecules and species, such as acrylates, methacrylates, or vinylesters, itaconic acid’s liquid derivatives exhibit negligiblevolatility, thereby reducing potential health hazards and VOC emissions.Moreover, countless derivatives can be proposed and synthesized whenappropriate nucleophiles are selected (e.g., alcohols, amines, andothers). Due to the two vacant carboxyl acid groups (−COOH),itaconic acid can be incorporated into multicomponent polyesters,polyethers, polyamides, or other functional systems to enhance theirperformance, improve processability, or ensure degradability. Finally,itaconates provide a route to biocompatible and degradable/biodegradablesystems that can develop into new, unique compounds suitable for specificmaterials.</p>","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"6 2","pages":"269–295"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148624910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}