Lancet Regional Health-Americas最新文献

{"title":"Pan-American data initiative for the analysis of population racial/ethnic health inequities: the Pan-DIASPORA project","authors":"Mabel Carabali , Sharrelle Barber , Andrea J.F. Ferreira , Ana F. Ortigoza , Dandara Ramos , Emanuelle Goes , Arjumand Siddiqi , Diego I. Lucumi , Dennis Perez-Chacon , John W. Jackson , Huda Bashir , Yazmin Sanchez , Yasmine M. Elmi , Celine M. Goulart , Claudia Y. Perea-Aragon , Randy L. Grillo , Diana Higuera-Mendieta , Khardjatou Marianne Djigo , Vanessa Melo-Ferreira , Marelys Martinez","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100868","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100868"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24001959/pdfft?md5=abe6832f4449390b9b998e403a30f2be&pid=1-s2.0-S2667193X24001959-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serving justice-involved persons and the opioid epidemic","authors":"Augustine Kang , Rosemarie Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100871","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100871"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24001984/pdfft?md5=b9f2d51a820793431e1aaab53a2042d9&pid=1-s2.0-S2667193X24001984-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coccidioidomycosis seasonality in California: a longitudinal surveillance study of the climate determinants and spatiotemporal variability of seasonal dynamics, 2000–2021","authors":"Alexandra K. Heaney ,&nbsp;Simon K. Camponuri ,&nbsp;Jennifer R. Head ,&nbsp;Philip Collender ,&nbsp;Amanda Weaver ,&nbsp;Gail Sondermeyer Cooksey ,&nbsp;Alexander Yu ,&nbsp;Duc Vugia ,&nbsp;Seema Jain ,&nbsp;Abinash Bhattachan ,&nbsp;John Taylor ,&nbsp;Justin V. Remais","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Coccidioidomycosis, an emerging fungal disease in the western USA, exhibits seasonal patterns that are poorly understood, including periods of strong cyclicity, aseasonal intervals, and variation in seasonal timing that have been minimally characterized, and unexplained as to their causal factors. Coccidioidomycosis incidence has increased markedly in recent years, and our limited understanding of intra- and inter-annual seasonality has hindered the identification of important drivers of disease transmission, including climate conditions. In this study, we aim to characterize coccidioidomycosis seasonality in endemic regions of California and to estimate the relationship between drought conditions and coccidioidomycosis seasonal periodicity and timing.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analysed data on all reported incident cases of coccidioidomycosis in California from 2000 to 2021 to characterize seasonal patterns in incidence, and conducted wavelet analyses to assess the dominant periodicity, power, and timing of incidence for 17 counties with consistently high incidence rates. We assessed associations between seasonality parameters and measures of drought in California using a distributed lag nonlinear modelling framework.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>All counties exhibited annual cyclicity in incidence (i.e., a dominant wavelet periodicity of 12 months), but there was considerable heterogeneity in seasonal strength and timing across regions and years. On average, 12-month periodicity was most pronounced in the Southern San Joaquin Valley and Central Coast. Further, the annual seasonal cycles in the Southern San Joaquin Valley and the Southern Inland regions occurred earlier than those in coastal and northern counties, yet the timing of annual cycles became more aligned among counties by the end of the study period. Drought conditions were associated with a strong attenuation of the annual seasonal cycle, and seasonal peaks became more pronounced in the 1–2 years after a drought ended.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>We conclude that drought conditions do not increase the risk of coccidioidomycosis onset uniformly across the year, but instead promote increased risk concentrated within a specific calendar period (September to December). The findings have important implications for public health preparedness, and for how future shifts in seasonal climate patterns and extreme events may impact spatial and temporal coccidioidomycosis risk.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>National Institutes of Health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100864"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24001911/pdfft?md5=219dfd1df370e40cc27baf0760b2ea95&pid=1-s2.0-S2667193X24001911-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health inequities in COVID-19: insights from Rio de Janeiro's marginalised communities","authors":"Thiago Cerqueira-Silva ,&nbsp;Julia M. Pescarini","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100869","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100869"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24001960/pdfft?md5=be78ff55c97434778a031765f4735f84&pid=1-s2.0-S2667193X24001960-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141993152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuity of care during severe civil unrest with a model of community-based HIV care: a retrospective cohort study from Haiti","authors":"Patrice Joseph ,&nbsp;Rochelle Sun ,&nbsp;Colette Guiteau ,&nbsp;Marc Antoine Jean Juste ,&nbsp;Nancy Dorvil ,&nbsp;Stalz Vilbrun ,&nbsp;Rode Secours ,&nbsp;Karine Severe ,&nbsp;Parnel Raymond ,&nbsp;Fernande Cetoute ,&nbsp;Wilnide Jean Baptiste ,&nbsp;Guyrlaine Forestal ,&nbsp;Stanley Cadet ,&nbsp;Adias Marcelin ,&nbsp;Marie Marcelle Deschamps ,&nbsp;Margaret L. McNairy ,&nbsp;Akanksha Dua ,&nbsp;Hoi Ching Cheung ,&nbsp;Jean William Pape ,&nbsp;Serena P. Koenig","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>There are limited data on the effectiveness of differentiated service delivery (DSD) for HIV care during sociopolitical turmoil. We assessed outcomes with a DSD model of care that includes patient choice between community-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) centres, home-based ART dispensing, or facility-based care at GHESKIO clinic during a period of severe civil unrest in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective analysis included data on patients with at least one HIV visit at GHESKIO between May 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess predictors of attending ≥1 community visit during the study period, and failure to attend timely visits. HIV-1 RNA test results were reported among patients who had been ART for ≥3 months at last visit.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Of the 18,625 patients included in the analysis, 9659 (51.9%) attended at least one community visit. The proportion of community visits ranged from 0.3% (2019) to 44.1% (2021). Predictors of ≥1 community visit included male sex (aOR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.20), secondary education (aOR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.14), income &gt; $USD 1.00/day (aOR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.35), longer duration on ART (aOR: 1.08 per additional year; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.09), and residence in Carrefour/Gressier (p &lt; 0.0001 in comparisons with all other zones). Younger age and shorter time on ART were associated with late visits and loss to follow-up. Among 12,586 patients with an on-time final visit who had been on ART for ≥3 months, 11,131 (88.4%) received a viral load test and 9639 (86.6%) had HIV-1 RNA &lt; 1000 copies/mL.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>The socio-political situation in Haiti has presented extraordinary challenges to the health care system, but retention and viral suppression rates remain high with a model of community-based HIV care. Additional interventions are needed to improve outcomes for younger patients, and those with shorter time on ART.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>No funding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100847"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24001741/pdfft?md5=662e9b57b723532d410291979055d748&pid=1-s2.0-S2667193X24001741-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Will they always be living the Sisyphus punishment? The triple whammy for racialized women: a qualitative investigation of primary care researchers in Canada","authors":"Monica Aggarwal ,&nbsp;Sabrina T. Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Existing literature overlooks the role of gender and race on research productivity, particularly in the context of primary care research. This study examines how gender and race influence the research productivity of primary care researchers in Canada, addressing a gap in existing literature.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Qualitative, descriptive methods were used, involving 60-min interviews with 23 Canadian primary care researchers. 13 participants were female (57%) and 10 participants (43%) were male. Fourteen participants were White (non-racialized; 61%), 8 were racialized (35%) and 1 did not comment on race (4%). Reflexive thematic analysis captured participant perceptions of factors influencing research productivity, including individual, professional, institutional, and systemic aspects.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Systemic bias and institutional culture, including racism, sexism, and unconscious biases against racialized women, emerge as key barriers to research productivity. The parenting life stage further compounds these biases. Barriers include lack of representation in faculty roles, toxic work environments, research productivity metrics, and exclusion by colleagues. Participants indicated that institutional reforms and systemic interventions are needed to foster a diverse, equitable, and inclusive environment. Strategies include recruiting equity-focused leaders, increasing representation of racialized female faculty, diversity training, mentorship programs, providing meaningful support, flexible work arrangements, and protected research time. Sponsors can offer more targeted grants for female and racialized researchers. Adjusting metrics for gender, race, parenthood, and collaborative metrics is proposed to enhance diversity and inclusion among researchers.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>This study underscores the importance of addressing systemic bias at institutional and systemic levels to create a fair and supportive environment for primary care researchers. A multitude of strategies are needed including increasing representation of racialized female faculty, creating supportive and psychologically safe work environments, and public reporting of data on faculty composition for accreditation and funding decisions. Together, these strategies can alleviate the triple whammy and free these researchers from the <em>Sisyphus Punishment</em> – the absurdity of being asked to climb a hill while pushing a boulder with no hope of reaching the top.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p><span>College of Family Physicians of Canada</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100848"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24001753/pdfft?md5=31b80e813e7e438a8b08c0b4d108c8a7&pid=1-s2.0-S2667193X24001753-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appalachia’s worsening disparities in cancer mortality should be viewed as a regional manifestation of widening global disparities in health outcomes rather than a uniquely American phenomena","authors":"Kennedy Sabharwal ,&nbsp;Oscar Garcia ,&nbsp;Robert C. Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100861","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100861"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24001881/pdfft?md5=b7fec6dcfcb2e4a2a5ab24ceb5590bd5&pid=1-s2.0-S2667193X24001881-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141978923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rural hospital closures in Kansas, United States: can inpatient tele-consultation services improve care and hospital finances?","authors":"Catherine Goetz","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100853","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100853"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24001807/pdfft?md5=ce47276ecebf8e89382b1b6ff32f256b&pid=1-s2.0-S2667193X24001807-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141952420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Changes in cannabis involvement in emergency department visits for anxiety disorders after cannabis legalization: a repeated cross-sectional study” – The Lancet Regional Health – Americas 2024; 36: 100815","authors":"Stephen D.S. McCarthy ,&nbsp;Jennifer Xiao ,&nbsp;Michael Pugliese ,&nbsp;Laurent Perrault-Sequeira ,&nbsp;Daniel T. Myran","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100857","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100857"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24001844/pdfft?md5=71ece169cd13191f1912f6d2631e1f13&pid=1-s2.0-S2667193X24001844-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141951785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No voice, no choice","authors":"Stephanie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100850","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100850"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24001777/pdfft?md5=9077fb04bbde4a161cb3a2b0d8f4f29d&pid=1-s2.0-S2667193X24001777-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141960709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}