Lancet Regional Health-Americas最新文献

{"title":"Micronutrient deficiencies according to sociodemographic factors and nutritional status among Panamanian children aged six to 59 months in 2019: a cross–sectional population–based study","authors":"Alicia Sosa Pedreschi ,&nbsp;Flavia Fontes ,&nbsp;José R. De León C ,&nbsp;Reina Roa ,&nbsp;Roger Montenegro Mendoza","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Micronutrient deficiencies have serious lifelong consequences. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anaemia, iron deficiency anaemia, iron deficiency, and vitamin A deficiency, according to sociodemographic factors and nutritional status among Panamanian children aged six to 59 months in 2019.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data from the National Health Survey of Panama (ENSPA), a population–based, cross–sectional study, with a nationally representative subsample to evaluate haemoglobin, C–reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and retinol levels among children aged six to 59 months. The data are shown weighted.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>A total of 625 children representing a population of 62,100 children (females 45.0%, 27,971/62,100; 95% CI: 37.3–53.1), aged six to 59 months were assessed. Nationally, the prevalence of anaemia was 15.5% (9604/62,100; 95% CI: 11.5–20.6), iron deficiency anaemia was 8.0% (4950/62,100; 95% CI: 5.1–12.2), iron deficiency was 26.2% (16,259/62,100; 95% CI: 20.7–32.5), and vitamin A deficiency was 3.4% (2087/62,100; 95% CI: 2.1–5.3). Children from indigenous areas exhibited a higher prevalence of all micronutrient deficiencies studied, and nationally 40.9% (2316/5656; 95% CI: 22.1–62.9) of the children with overweight/obesity exhibited at least one micronutrient deficiency.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Our results highlight important disparities in the prevalence of nutritional deficiencies among children in different living areas. Public health strategies should focus on these vulnerable populations, as the first years of life are crucial for adequate growth and development.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>This work was supported by an institutional research grant via the <span>Ministry of Economy and Finance</span> of Panama (<span><span>019910.002</span></span>). The ENSPA study was funded by the <span>Inter-American Development Bank</span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100932"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female homicides in Brazil: global burden of disease study, 2000–2018","authors":"Nadia Machado de Vasconcelos ,&nbsp;Juliana Bottoni de Souza ,&nbsp;Adauto Martins Soares Filho ,&nbsp;Polyanna Helena Coelho ,&nbsp;Sofia Reinach ,&nbsp;Caroline Stein ,&nbsp;Crizian Saar Gomes ,&nbsp;Luisa Sorio Flor ,&nbsp;Emmanuela Gakidou ,&nbsp;Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Deborah Carvalho Malta","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Female homicides are a public health-relevant issue, and its spatial distribution may evidence socioeconomic vulnerabilities. This study aims to analyze the temporal and spatial trends of female homicides in Brazil and investigate socioeconomic-demographic factors associated with it.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is an ecological, descriptive, and analytical epidemiological study investigating the age-standardized female homicide rate in all Brazilian municipalities between 2000 and 2018, divided into three periods. Spatial and temporal analyses were conducted using the Global Moran's Index and LISA to identify clusters of high and low rates. Rates were also calculated by population size and means of violence across macro-regions. For the last period, a multivariable linear regression model analyzed the association of female homicide rates with social, economic, and geographic factors.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Female homicide rates in Brazil remained high during the studied period, with differences in trends between regions. Among the potentially associated factors, it was observed that male homicide rate, the high percentage of violent deaths among black women and those with low levels of education, in addition to the low Gross Domestic Product (GDP) <em>per capita</em>, were positively associated with female homicide, whereas larger cities were negatively associated.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>These findings show that Brazil is a country with a high risk of female homicide. Nevertheless, the vulnerability of women is unequally distributed in the country. Female homicides are mostly caused by domestic conflicts but can also be influenced by changes in the urban and social contexts.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>This project is funded by the <span>Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation</span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100935"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surge of mental health issues of Chinese Americans under both popular and policy-driven racism","authors":"Xiang Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100941","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100941"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leticia de Oliveira — a voice against gender-biased research opportunities","authors":"Orison O. Woolcott","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100934","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100934"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital mental health interventions: an opportunity to enhance care while preserving human connection","authors":"Daisy R. Singla","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100940","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100940"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Living in a high-tech world yet dragging an ancient problem: water insecurity","authors":"The Lancet Regional Health – Americas","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100951","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100951"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIVR4P conference 2024","authors":"Elisa Pucu","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100937","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100937"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perinatal risk factors in ex-preterm and/or low birthweight Colombian young adults: a retrospective cohort study on auditory and visual impairments","authors":"Nathalie Charpak ,&nbsp;Adriana Montealegre-Pomar ,&nbsp;Lyda Teresa Rosero ,&nbsp;Catalina Lince-Rivera ,&nbsp;Darwin Cortés","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Advances in neonatal care have increased survival rates for premature or low birth weight (LBW) infants but raised concerns about long-term neurosensory and psychomotor challenges. <em>Objective</em>: to investigate perinatal factors linked to visual and auditory problems in ex-preterm or LBW young adults, assessing their long-term quality of life.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants from a 20-year-old randomised controlled trial comparing Kangaroo-Mother Care (KMC) to conventional care were re-enrolled. A group of 50 at term individuals without risk factors was assessed as a reference group.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>5.9% of participants had functional visual issues and 8.1% experienced hearing problems. Those with hearing or visual impairments had longer hospital stays and more neonatal complications. Correlations were found between Griffiths auditory sub-scale results at 6 months and long-term auditory outcomes. Only 27.5% of those with deafness had access to cochlear implants or hearing aids, resulting in lower IQ scores, learning difficulties, and increased risk of depression and self-harm. Participants with visual impairments exhibited lower IQ scores, self-esteem, and HOME test acceptance. However, they did not differ from the group with normal vision in terms of quality of life, depression, or attachment scores. All participants, whether they had issues or not, rated their quality of life higher than their parents did.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Preterm or LBW infants with visual and hearing deficits are more likely to face cognitive and emotional challenges in adulthood. This study underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to promptly address these vulnerabilities, reducing the risk of long-term neurodevelopmental and functional issues.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>The <span>Grand Challenge Canada</span>, <span>Fulbright Colciencias and Colombia Cientifica – Alianza</span>, <span>The World Bank</span>, managed by the <span>Colombian Administrative Department of Science, Technology and Innovation</span> (COLCIENCIAS).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100921"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brazil's tax exemption on ultra-processed foods: a public health setback","authors":"Bráulio Evangelista de Lima ,&nbsp;Mila Alves Matos Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Marília Santos Andrade ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Luiz Vancini ,&nbsp;Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100927","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100927"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunities for tuberculosis elimination in the Canadian Arctic: cost-effectiveness of community-wide screening in a remote Arctic community","authors":"Alice Zwerling ,&nbsp;Edwina Veerasingam ,&nbsp;Ellen Snyder ,&nbsp;Andrea Schertzer ,&nbsp;Keith Travers ,&nbsp;Carolyn Pim ,&nbsp;Chris Pease ,&nbsp;Sandy Finn ,&nbsp;Linette McElroy ,&nbsp;Jean Allen ,&nbsp;Mike Patterson ,&nbsp;Gonzalo G. Alvarez","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lana.2024.100916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In response to a tuberculosis (TB) outbreak in the remote community of Qikiqtarjuaq Nunavut, Canada, community leaders and the territorial government initiated community-wide screening (CWS) for tuberculosis, an expensive undertaking given the high cost of providing medical services in the Canadian arctic. Our study aim was to assess the cost-effectiveness of the Qikiqtarjuaq CWS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We developed a hybrid decision analysis and Markov model to replicate the experience and extrapolate CWS outcomes over a 20-year time horizon. Following a hypothetical cohort with patient characteristics reflecting the demographic and testing data available from the CWS, the model compared a one-time CWS intervention with the reference case of ‘no community-wide screening’.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>CWS resulted in improved health gains through prevention of active tuberculosis cases compared with no CWS. It also resulted in increased costs (measured in Canadian dollars), with a very low estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $25.10 (95% URs: cost savings-$15,874) per additional quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained compared with current standard of care approach (no CWS). Community-wide screening in this context would be considered highly cost-effective in this setting. In probabilistic sensitivity analysis, we found &gt;99% of iterations were cost-effective at a willingness to pay threshold of $50,000/QALY gained.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>While costly, coordinated and intensive community-wide tuberculosis screening activities are highly cost-effective in remote arctic communities when utilized in an outbreak context.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>Government of Nunavut.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Americas","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100916"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}