{"title":"All the Same! Demographic Homogeneity and Careerism","authors":"James Weinberg","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1453ksm.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1453ksm.8","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 3 develops our understanding of how MPs are different, psychologically, to those they represent. The chapter is organised into two substantive sections. The first interrogates the model of candidate emergence presented in chapter 2 in more detail to show that the differences between MPs’ basic values by specific demographic characteristics – specifically gender and ethnicity – are actually smaller than those between MPs and corresponding demographic groups in the general public. The chapter tackles another psychological criticism of politicians: careerism. Analyses of survey data show that there are some descriptive differences in basic values between MPs by occupational background, but these are small and statistically insignificant. The data are used to question received truths about the professionalisation of politics.","PeriodicalId":297629,"journal":{"name":"Who Enters Politics and Why?","volume":"31 5‐6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113977444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perfect Politicians? Voting Preferences in the United Kingdom","authors":"James Weinberg","doi":"10.46692/9781529209174.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46692/9781529209174.006","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 6 extrapolates to macro-level issues of representation and anti-politics to ask: do voters actually get the ‘wrong’ politicians’? The central argument in this chapter reduces to the existence of an unhealthy premium on the individual in contemporary democratic politics, both in terms of the ways representatives understand and execute their professional function and how/why voters become disillusioned regardless of their political choices. These assumptions are tested with an original conjoint experiment conducted with a representative sample of 1637 British citizens. The results show that personality outweighs other political and socio-economic variables as a voting heuristic in experimental scenarios. Compared with data from 168 MPs, these results also indicate that at the aggregate level there is less of a disjuncture than assumed between the personalities the public want in national politics and the personalities they get.","PeriodicalId":297629,"journal":{"name":"Who Enters Politics and Why?","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127656220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Why Do We Hate Politicians?","authors":"James Weinberg","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1453ksm.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1453ksm.6","url":null,"abstract":"The scale and ambition of this book require considerable preface in terms of empirical, methodological and conceptual clarity. Therefore, this opening chapter is used to (a) highlight the premium that has been placed on politicians’ personalities by popular as well as academic press (thus clarifying the broader fillip for this book, the three ‘problems’ highlighted above, as well as its public appeal), (b) introduce basic human values as the measure of personality chosen for this study from within a broader literature on personality and politics, (c) clarify the data and empirics underpinning the content of subsequent chapters, and (d) outline the contribution of each chapter in the rest of this book.","PeriodicalId":297629,"journal":{"name":"Who Enters Politics and Why?","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132926628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parliamentary Behaviour: Personal Choices, Political Results","authors":"James Weinberg","doi":"10.46692/9781529209174.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46692/9781529209174.005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter synthesises the conceptual wisdom and empirical findings of existing research into the UK Parliament with the theoretical foundations of psychological studies to offer an integrated model for parliamentary political behaviour (IMPPB). The IMPPB unites research on ideology, party socialisation and institutional choice to offer a new blueprint for analysing politicians’ parliamentary behaviours. Data on MPs' basic values are then coupled with Hansard records to assess to extent of MPs’ political agency in a range of contexts of varying institutional constraint. The results show, in particular, that (a) elected representatives make important decisions based upon their own personality characteristics and that (b) this effect operates in flux with informal pressures exerted by external role alters and internal party structures. Preliminary analyses are used to set a new agenda for studies of parliamentary behaviour.","PeriodicalId":297629,"journal":{"name":"Who Enters Politics and Why?","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125159841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychological Scrutiny: Who Enters Politics and Why?","authors":"James Weinberg","doi":"10.46692/9781529209174.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46692/9781529209174.002","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 2 uses data on the basic values of elected MPs, local councillors, unsuccessful parliamentary candidates and the public to interrogate 'who' occupies elected office in the palace of Westminster and 'why' they choose to do it. Theoretical arguments are matched by quantitative and qualitative analyses that reveal, for example, a significant difference between the personality characteristics of the governors and the governed. In particular, these results indicate that elected representatives are more motivated by equality, social justice and caring for others (Self-Transcendence values). However, the results also indicate that MPs are more motivated than the public to control resources and be in charge of others (Power values), and that these differences are exaggerated among those MPs with frontbench experience.","PeriodicalId":297629,"journal":{"name":"Who Enters Politics and Why?","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133044405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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