Archaeologia Baltica最新文献

{"title":"THE OLDEST 15TH-CENTURY RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN MEDIEVAL KAUNAS","authors":"M. Bertašius","doi":"10.15181/AB.V23I0.1309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15181/AB.V23I0.1309","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the evolution of the earliest buildings in the urban environment of Kaunas Old Town. Archaeological research has revealed clear traces of wooden buildings in Medieval Kaunas dating from the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries and from the early 15th century. The earliest buildings of this type, with basements, were in line with the planned urban structure of the town. They were found in some blocks of the southern part of the Old Town, on the western part of Market Square, and by the main street. In all cases, the traces found are very similar. The wooden buildings and their locations in the newly planned town reveal the initial stages in the town’s growth. Masonry houses evolved in Kaunas in several stages. Churches, the first public buildings, appeared in the newly founded town. The next stage is associated with the early development of masonry public buildings from the mid-15th century to the first half of the 16th century. The earliest brick houses emerged in various locations in the urban space. Key words: urban development, Medieval town structure, wooden buildings with basements, masonry buildings. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/ab.v23i0.1309","PeriodicalId":29741,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Baltica","volume":"23 1","pages":"225-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67355074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE REMAINS OF THE MEDIEVAL HARBOUR IN PUCK (NORTHERN POLAND): A FEW WORDS ABOUT THE RESULTS OF PREVIOUS RESEARCH","authors":"I. Pomian, B. Śliwiński, S. Uścinowicz, T. Ważny","doi":"10.15181/AB.V23I0.1310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15181/AB.V23I0.1310","url":null,"abstract":"The remains of a Medieval harbour were discovered in Puck in 1977. Preliminary research was conducted the next year by Wieslaw Stepien. The site consists of a set of timber construction remains, located on the ground and strengthened with fascine, between which fragments of ceramics appear, especially in the area of the base of the pier. There are also a lot of pieces of simply processed trunks and branches stripped of bark nearby. Also, some scattered pieces of oak logs with yoke openings have been found lying distributed between the piles. Some help in attempting to reconstruct their arrangement comes from the mooring piles, which have a characteristic rectangular cross-section, and are still located on the sea bed. Pieces of five wrecks (one log boat, and four made from planks) have been found between the harbour constructions. Looking at the chronological arrangement of the site, created slowly on the basis of results obtained from dendrochronological analysis, and supplemented with radiological research, we can assume that the harbour was in use between the tenth and the 14th centuries. Key words: underwater archaeology, remains of Medieval harbour, sea level change, protection of cultural heritage, south Baltic, Puck Lagoon. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/ab.v23i0.1310","PeriodicalId":29741,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Baltica","volume":"23 1","pages":"235-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67355185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENTS IN HARBOUR CONSTRUCTION, INFRASTRUCTURE AND TOPOGRAPHY ON THE EVE OF THE EARLY MODERN AGE IN THE BALTIC (1450-1600)","authors":"Maik-Jens Springmann","doi":"10.15181/ab.v23i0.1311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15181/ab.v23i0.1311","url":null,"abstract":"Ships are no Flying Dutchmen! They need a harbour. Therefore, the development of ship construction is pretty much connected with that of harbour construction, and beyond this, they influence the topography and infrastructure of a harbour. The transition between the Medieval period and the Early Modern Age is a period of great change in the development of larger ships, even in the Baltic. Furthermore, the internationalisation of Baltic trade took place. In Medieval times, ship construction followed conditions in the harbours. In the Early Modern Age, it was the other way round. Now, harbour construction, topography and infrastructure follow the development of ship construction. The paper focuses on the deep impact that larger multi-mast sailing ships had on the development of Baltic harbours. Key words: harbour construction, moles, topography, seaways, navigation, digging, harbour cranes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/ab.v23i0.1311","PeriodicalId":29741,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Baltica","volume":"26 1","pages":"244-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67355243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HAIR, BONE PLATES AND COPROLITES: ANCIENT DNA RESEARCH ON RARE ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIALS","authors":"E. Nikulina","doi":"10.15181/AB.V23I0.1295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15181/AB.V23I0.1295","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the possibilities and limitations of ancient DNA research on organic materials that are usually not the focus of archaeogenetics, because of their low preservation potential and thus rareness in archaeological settings. These are remains from fish and birds, animal hairs, and coprolites. Several of the author’s own key studies from different regions and time periods are presented. Key words: ancient DNA, archaeozoology, animal hairs, fishbone, Acipenser, Pelecanus, coprolites, paleofaeces. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/ab.v23i0.1295","PeriodicalId":29741,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Baltica","volume":"23 1","pages":"38-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67354569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE CEMETERY OF LINKUHNEN/RŽEVSKOE: AN OVERVIEW OF THE CHRONOLOGY OF FIBULAE FROM THE ROMAN AND MIGRATION PERIODS TO THE VIKING AGE","authors":"Christoph Jahn","doi":"10.15181/AB.V23I0.1303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15181/AB.V23I0.1303","url":null,"abstract":"The grave goods from Linkuhnen (Rževskoje/Linkūnai) indicate continuous usage of the cemetery from the Roman Iron Age and the Migration Period to the Viking Age (second to 11th century AD). A closer look at the fibulae from Linkuhnen offers an overview of the changing cultural relationships with the neighbouring areas during the 1,000 years of occupancy of the site. The interpretation of Linkuhnen is closely linked to its topographical position close to the River Nemunas (Neman/Memel). The hypothetical alteration of the course of the River Nemunas, suggested by V. Žulkus, has to be discussed for its potential impact on the site of Linkuhnen and its relations with neighbouring areas at the end of the first millennium. Key words: Linkuhnen/Rževskoje cemetery, Roman Iron Age, Migration Period, Viking Age, River Nemunas (Neman/Memel). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/ab.v23i0.1303","PeriodicalId":29741,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Baltica","volume":"23 1","pages":"152-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67354884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE POPULATION OF THE SOUTHEAST SHORE OF THE GULF OF FINLAND AND ITS CONTACTS WITH REGIONS OF THE BALTIC SEA IN THE FIRST MILLENNIUM AD","authors":"E. Mikhaylova","doi":"10.15181/AB.V23I0.1305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15181/AB.V23I0.1305","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the area to the southeast of the Gulf of Finland (on the Izhora plateau and in the lower reaches of the River Luga) has opened up a number of archaeological sites dating from the first to the tenth century AD. There are stone graves from the Pre-Roman and Roman Iron Age, settlements with scratched ceramics, cremation burials from the Migration Period, hill-forts and cemeteries from the Viking Age. These sites can be built into a cultural and chronological sequence. Finds from these sites are very similar to objects from Estonia and southwest Finland. At the beginning of the second millennium, Medieval Russian culture, which levelled local cultural characteristics, spread on the Izhora plateau. Key words: East Baltic, Gulf of Finland, Izhora plateau, Pre-Roman and Roman Iron Age, Migration Period, Viking Age, Medieval Russian culture. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/ab.v23i0.1305","PeriodicalId":29741,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Baltica","volume":"13 1","pages":"181-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67355205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ON THE SIGNIFICANCE AND RESEARCH POTENTIAL OF THE GREBIETEN BURIAL GROUND: A RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PREWAR STATE OF KNOWLEDGE AND THE PROSPECTS FOR MODERN RESEARCH","authors":"Jaroslaw A. Prassolow, K. Skvortsov","doi":"10.15181/AB.V23I0.1298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15181/AB.V23I0.1298","url":null,"abstract":"The Grebieten burial ground, situated in the former Kreis Fischhausen of the German Empire’s province of East Prussia, (currently in the Zelenogradskii district of the Kaliningrad oblast’, Russian Federation), represents a reference monument of Sambian-Natangian culture, and at the same time is one of its best investigated archaeological sites. However, a recent comparative analysis of the available sources of information showed that the modern state of knowledge is incomplete, while the research potential of the monument is far from being exhausted. This article gives an overview of the state of research, as well as of the open questions and gaps in our knowledge. Along with a description of the currently available sources of information and their limitations, the publication informs readers about recently conducted archaeological studies, performed both on the partially preserved prewar archaeological material and on the monument. Besides the actual reintroduction of Grebieten into scientific research, the authors point out its role and its significance in the much more complex archaeological context. The results of recent research suggest strongly that the Grebieten burial ground is part of a much larger complex of archaeological monuments situated along the western coast of the Sambian Peninsula, in the close vicinity of amber collecting areas. This settlement complex played an important role in the collection and trade in amber, which defined the nature of Sambian-Natangian culture in the Roman Iron Age and Migration Period. Further multilateral investigations of the Grebieten burial ground should lead to a clearer view of the settlement system, the social structure, everyday life and contacts of the population of Sambia in the Roman Iron Age. Key words: Grebieten, Sambian-Natangian culture, burial ground, amber trade, settlement system, Konigsberg’s Prussia Museum. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/ab.v23i0.1298","PeriodicalId":29741,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Baltica","volume":"23 1","pages":"81-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67354781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SERVING THE HOMELAND: THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY FOR THE PROVINCE OF POSEN","authors":"E. Krüger","doi":"10.15181/AB.V1I0.1142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15181/AB.V1I0.1142","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to briefly introduce not only the history of the Historical Society of the Province of Posen (Pro-wincija Poznanska; Historische Gesellschaft fur die Provinz Posen), and to show its historical context, but also to clarify the question whether its foundation was not only for purely historical interest in the past of Greater Poland, but also whether the anti-Slavic feeling at that time formed the intention to participate in current events. It looks at the extent to which this organisation was another factor that contributed to the Germanisation of the country. The Greater Poland area is particularly appropriate for the study, since German and Polish residents here were anchored in the past, the region has roots and decided independently to pursue a scholarly review of its history. At first, however, the rival parties were dominated by Poles: in 1857, a Polish organisation was founded called the Towarzystwo Przyjaciol Nauk Poznanskiego (Poznan Society of Friends of Science, TPNP), along with a small museum. But the German residents in Greater Poland became more and more interested in archaeological discoveries in the province of Posen, too. The opening of a permanent exhibition at the Museum of the Society of Friends of Science led German circles to establish a similar institution, whose main founders were Rodgero Prumers and Adolf Warschauer, employees of the Poznan State Archives. On 5 March 1885, the Historische Gesellschaft fur die Provinz Posen came into existence. Among their most important tasks was the investigation of German history in the province, studying culture and history, publishing scholarly papers, and also the preservation of monuments and the collection of antiquities. The ultimate goal was a museum of their own in the province of Posen. In 1894, the Provinzialmusem opened. The Provincial Museum of Historische Gesellschaft formed the basis for the later Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum, and for today’s Archaeological Museum in Poznan, and is therefore irrevocably linked to the professionalisation and institutionalisation of German and Polish archaeology. It would be unthinkable to offer an archaeological scene in Poznan without the Historische Gesellschaft, as long as Poland was divided and occupied by the Germans. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance, from a historical research perspective, that the history, political activity and collection are processed and presented, in order not to lose this chapter of German history of research in the oblivion of contemporary Poland. Key words: nationalism in archaeology, political archaeology, Greater Poland, Historische Gesellschaft fur die Provinz Posen, Towarzystwo Przyjaciol Nauk Poznanskiego, collectors, museums. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/ ab.v1i0.1142","PeriodicalId":29741,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Baltica","volume":"1 1","pages":"142-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67353553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DISC BROOCHES OF DOLLKEIM-KOVROVO CULTURE. THE QUESTION OF THE ORIGIN OF ORNAMENTS IN THE SOUTHEAST BALTIC IN THE FIRST CENTURIES AD","authors":"O. Khomiakova","doi":"10.15181/AB.V1I0.1133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15181/AB.V1I0.1133","url":null,"abstract":"Disc brooches of Dollkeim-Kovrovo culture attributed to the Early Roman Period are characterised by the complicated archaeological context. Distant analogies in Roman disc brooches, the different morphology and technique leave open the question of their origin. This article proposes an analysis based on the verification of archival data, publications and surviving archaeological items from the collection of the former Prussia-Museum. Key words: Dollkeim-Kovrovo culture, Roman influence, disc brooches, enamel specimens, openwork ornamentation, Baltic Sea region, Early Iron Age traditions, amber exchange. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/ ab.v1i0.1133","PeriodicalId":29741,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Baltica","volume":"1 1","pages":"14-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67353082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE MYSTERIOUS COLLECTION OF FR KONSTANTINAS KUPRYS-KUPREVIČIUS","authors":"D. Butkus, Audronė Bliujienė","doi":"10.15181/ab.v1i0.1141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15181/ab.v1i0.1141","url":null,"abstract":"We have little information about the priest and collector Konstantinas Kuprys-Kuprevicius (1874–1947) and his mysterious collection. He became known in cultural circles only when the State Archaeological Commission and the media mentioned him in 1935, because he acquired the archaeological collection of Fr Juozapas Žiogas (1868–1935) under unclear circumstances.* Before his death, Fr Žiogas left his collection in his will to Kaunas’ Vytautas the Great Museum of Culture. On 27 December 1935, Fr Kuprys-Kuprevicius showed his acquired collection of antiquities, along with his own pieces, in an exhibition at St Anthony’s Missionary College. After that, and until the death of Fr Kuprys-Kuprevicius, Lithuanian archaeologists and museum staff unsuccessfully attempted to take over or to repurchase the Žiogas collection. It is therefore not surprising that there was a negative opinion about Fr Kuprys-Kuprevicius in Lithuanian archaeological historiography. This article will try to illuminate the story of his life, his philanthropic activities, his passionate love of antiquities and archaeological artefacts, and his collection, which is sometimes referred to as his ‘museum’. However, due to a lack of archive data, and the mysterious disappearance of the Žiogas collection, some questions still remain. Key words: Konstantinas Kuprys-Kuprevicius, priest, collector, collection. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/ ab.v1i0.1141","PeriodicalId":29741,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Baltica","volume":"1 1","pages":"134-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67353442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}