Recent Contributions to Physics最新文献

{"title":"Didactic conditions for the formation of technical competences of university students","authors":"G.K. Nauryzbayeva","doi":"10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.09","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the issue of organizing professional-oriented training (POT) in physics for students of the educational program \"Power Engineering\" in order to form students' technical competencies, which are extremely necessary and important in the process of performing professional tasks in the future. The article presents the didactic conditions for the formation and development of technical competencies of university students, an example of a professionally oriented lecture on the topic of physics with an emphasis on the electric power industry, tasks for independent work of a student with technical content. Selected laboratory works on the considered topic of the section of mechanics are shown, which are necessary for fixing the lecture material. Particular attention is paid to the organization of the student's research work - attracting students to an effective, informative, and most importantly - professionally oriented research work of the student. The effectiveness of the organization of POT in physics is shown.","PeriodicalId":29678,"journal":{"name":"Recent Contributions to Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of atomization and ignition of high-pressure jet stream","authors":"S. Bolegenova","doi":"10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.08","url":null,"abstract":"This work is a significant study in terms of modern combustion physics of the problem of computer modeling of atomization, ignition, and combustion of high-pressure reactive liquid fuels under high turbulence. The need for a detailed study of the physical and chemical processes occurring during the combustion of reactive fuels is determined by the increased requirements for the efficiency of various technical devices, the accuracy of ignition prediction, and the combustion rate conditioned by the current environmental requirements for environmental protection. The processes of atomization, ignition, and combustion of atomized jet fuel (heptane) at high pressures were investigated using a numerical model. Numerical simulation methods were used to get profiles of the temperature plume, distribution of concentrations of the oxidizer, and reaction products (carbon dioxide and soot) in the combustion space. The optimum value of the initial pressure for heptane has been determined. The practical significance of the computational experiments presented in this paper is that the results obtained can be used in designing various reactive technical devices using combustion, which would simultaneously solve the problem of optimizing the process, increasing fuel combustion efficiency, and minimizing emissions of harmful substances.","PeriodicalId":29678,"journal":{"name":"Recent Contributions to Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical sensor for ascorbic acid based on zinc oxide nanostructures","authors":"Zh.U. Paltusheva","doi":"10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.06","url":null,"abstract":"Nanostructured semiconductor ZnO and ZnO-GO samples were synthesized at room temperature by chemical bath deposition technique. In this work, the electrochemical non-enzymatic determination of ascorbic acid was studied using the grown nanostructures deposited on a glassy carbon electrode. The morphology and structural properties of the synthesized nanostructured materials were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and an X-ray diffractometer. The electrochemical properties were studied by the methods of cyclic voltammetry using a single-channel potentiostat-galvanostat. The sensitivity of the obtained electrodes was calculated based on concentrations of ascorbic acid in phosphate buffer solution from 0.3 mM to 3 mM at various scanning speeds. Thus, it was found that the sensitivity of the ZnO-GO sample is lower than that of the ZnO sample, which may be due to the dielectric properties of graphene oxide. However, after annealing in the atmosphere, the sensitivity of the ZnO-GO sample increased, which is associated with a decrease in defects in the sample and an increase in the specific surface area of the samples. As a result of the research, a modified ZnO-GO/GCE electrode with a high sensitivity of 386 μAM-1cm-2 was created, which is promising for use as the basis of a biosensor for determining the level of vitamin C in blood, food, and drugs.","PeriodicalId":29678,"journal":{"name":"Recent Contributions to Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Installation and technique of experimental investigations of composite materials based on beryllium","authors":"Ye.А. Kenzhin","doi":"10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.04","url":null,"abstract":"Interest in beryllium-based composite materials has emerged recently, when intermetallic compounds such as titanium beryllide Be12Ti began to be considered as a promising material for neutron multiplication in thermonuclear fusion facilities, such as ITER and DEMO. Titanium beryllide stands out from other beryllides because it has the highest neutron multiplication rates and also has the added benefit of being more thermally stable than beryllium metal. Titanium beryllide interacts much weaker with water vapor, excluding the possibility of the formation of explosive hydrogen in the blanket body, is less prone to gas swelling, and, unlike metallic beryllium, retains a smaller amount of accumulated tritium. It has also been confirmed that the compatibility of titanium beryllide with structural materials is much higher than that of beryllium. To use titanium beryllide, it is important to study the parameters of its interaction with hydrogen isotopes. One of the most well-known methods for is the method of thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS). The objective of this paper is the development of a specialized experimental setup for TDS research and the development of a methodology for performing experiments. The results of methodical experiments are presented, in which the procedures for saturation of samples in a deuterium medium and procedures for conducting TDS experiments were worked out. Methodical experiments on studying the parameters of the interaction of deuterium with samples of monolithic titanium beryllide were carried out on the material produced by Ulba Metallurgical Plant JSC, saturated in deuterium at atmospheric pressure and a sample temperature of 973 K. linear heating rates of 10 and 20 K/min. Based on the results of the development of the technique for conducting experimental studies of titanium beryllide, a differential mode of the TDS method was recommended. In this case, it is necessary to use a hydrogen isotope, deuterium, as a control probe.","PeriodicalId":29678,"journal":{"name":"Recent Contributions to Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculation of thermomechanical stresses and deformations in a reactor ampoule device with lithium ceramics under neutron irradiation","authors":"Ye.V. Chikhray","doi":"10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.05","url":null,"abstract":"Reactor experiments remain one of the few available methods for evaluating the performance of promising functional materials for fusion reactors under conditions of simultaneous exposure to neutron and gamma radiation, a gaseous environment, and thermal loads. Testing under neutron irradiation together with the application of numerical simulations (Finite Element Method) can lead to a complete understanding of the complex mechanical behavior of packed layers of pebbles by relating the macroscopic response of the infill to the microscopic interactions in a single pebble. The objective of this paper is describing the procedure and results of modeling of thermomechanical stresses and deformations that occur in the pebble bed of ceramic balls and in the irradiation device housing, in which the studied ceramic samples are placed during irradiation at the WWR-K reactor (Almaty, Kazakhstan). Calculation results show that ceramic pebbles, densely filled into the capsule of the WWR-K irradiation device so that they cannot move inside the filling, when heated to 1073K, will undergo thermomechanical loads from 10 to 80MPa, which exceeds the ultimate strength of 60MPa of ceramics Li4SiO4. The share of pebbles, the load on which exceeds the tensile strength, will be from 5 to 10% of their total number. In this case, the capsule will move down by 1-2mm, and expand by 200 microns radially under the influence of thermal elongation of the steel vacuum tubes connecting the capsule to the mounting flange. The strength of the tubes will not be affected. At a certain value of external pressure, the pebbles will abruptly move (\"jump\") into the empty area above the pebble bed, reducing the pressure on the remaining pebbles. It is not possible to describe such behavior within the framework of this model. The above calculations are relevant for the case of compacted pebble bed of lithium ceramics under neutron irradiation. A possible way to avoid the potential destruction of ceramic pebbles is to reduce the thickness of the capsule wall by 2-3 times, which will lead to an increase in the plasticity of the capsule walls, a decrease in the wall pressure on the pebble bed, and a decrease in the heating temperature of the capsule and ceramics.","PeriodicalId":29678,"journal":{"name":"Recent Contributions to Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and synchronization of semiconductors excitation sources for active elements on self-terminatint transitions in metal vapors","authors":"N.A. Vasnev","doi":"10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.07","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is devoted to development of atypical excitation approaches of bistatic laser monitor active elements for the imaging of high-speed processes at a powerful background radiation. The practical significance is increasing the temporal resolution of the bistatic laser monitor, as well as improving the imaging parameters by minimizing the jitter of radiation pulses. To achieve this goal, semiconductor excitation sources of active media based on copper bromide vapor were developed, and their synchronization was performed in a pulse-repetition mode. The developed pump sources are set of identical commutation cells. Each cell contains storage capacitor, commutator and transformer. Powerful HGTG27N120BN insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) were chosen as commutators. Their switching storage capacitors are discharged through the primary winding of the transformer and as result the voltage pulse is induced in the secondary winding. The transformer load was the gas discharge tube (GDT) of the small-size brightness amplifier with the specified geometric parameters (l=40 cm, d=2.5 cm, V=196 cm3). The simultaneous switching of 10 identical cells provided GDT breakdown. The radiation power of the active element in oscillator mode was 665 mW. The developed brightness amplifier with semiconductor pump source was used in the bistatic scheme of the laser monitor for the imaging of the test object. The pumping of the second active element, the illumination source (l=90 cm, d=5 cm, V=1767 cm3), was performed by means of thyratron TGI1-1000-25. The pulse repetition frequency of the illumination source and the brightness amplifier was 10,5 and 21 kHz respectively. As result each second image was formed with increased brightness and contrast. The maximal jitter of radiation pulses in this case was 16 ns. The average jitter was 6 ns. Two identical semiconductor pump sources were tested simultaneously. The resulting array of waveforms (GDT current and GDT voltage) show that in most cases the jitter was completely absent, and when it appeared, it did not exceed 4 ns. The imaging at this configuration of the pump sources was not performed due to semiconductor source power (465 W) turned out to be insufficient for the excitation of the illumination source, and therefore options for increasing it were proposed.","PeriodicalId":29678,"journal":{"name":"Recent Contributions to Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of students' research abilities while studying the discipline \"Optics\"","authors":"R.А. Zhunussova","doi":"10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.010","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the methods for developing the research skills of future physics teachers in the process of studying optics at a university. The purpose of this study is to improve the research abilities of students in lectures, practical and laboratory classes in optics. In the course of pedagogical research, we developed a model for the formation of readiness for research activities in the school of future physics teachers and formed the criterion and tools for determining readiness, which were applied during the teaching of optics. And also, a number of pedagogical conditions are defined, which, in our opinion, form the research competencies of students. Methods of problem-based learning, practice-oriented learning, methods of analysis and synthesis, methods of observation were applied. The relevance of the research topic lies in the problem of preparing future teachers of physics for organizing research activities with schoolchildren. Therefore, we have developed and tested the educational and methodological complex \"Optics\", proposed methods, forms, criteria for evaluating the research skills of future physics teachers. The presented methodology for the formation of research competence can be used for teaching other basic disciplines. The results of the research will be relevant for teachers of pedagogical universities who are looking for effective ways to train future specialists who are able to qualitatively prepare students for research activities.","PeriodicalId":29678,"journal":{"name":"Recent Contributions to Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Search and identification of young stellar objects in infrared dust bubbles N19","authors":"A.M. Alisher","doi":"10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.02","url":null,"abstract":"Соңғы жылдары ғарыш кеңістігіндегі денелер мен сәулеленудің өзара әрекеттесуін зерттейтін астрофизика ғылымының қарқынды дамуы, сондай-ақ аспан денелерін бақылаудың жаңа әдістерінің пайда болуы жұлдыз аралық ортада физикалық процестерді мұқият зерттеуге мүмкіндік беріп келеді. Жұлдыздардың пайда болу мұмкіндігі жұлдызаралық газ бен тозаңның тығыздығы мен мөлшеріне байланысты, ал жұлдыздар қоршаған жұлдызаралық ортаның қасиеттерін өзгертеді, оны қыздырады, газдың үздіксіз қозғалысын қолдайды және қоршаған ортаны өз заттарымен толықтырып, оның химиялық құрамын өзгертеді. Ұсынылған жұмыста бірінші рет N19 инфрақызыл тозаңды көпіршік аймағында жас жұлдыз объектілеріне іздеу жүргізілді. Таңдалған қажеттеі критерийлер бойынша жас жұлдыз объектілерін іздеуге арналған компьютерлік ортады MatLab математикалық модельдеу бағдарламасы жасақталды. Табылған инфраақызыл сәулелену көздерінен І класс жас жұлдыздарына жататын 11 объект, ал ІІ классқа 26-сы және  20-сы өтпелі диск сатысындағы жас жұлдыз объектісі болатыны анықталды. Нәтижесінде инфрақызыл N19 тозаңды көпіршік маңында жас жұлдыз нысандарына үміткерлер үшін  “түс-түс” диаграммасы тұрғызылған. Сонымен қатар, түс көрсеткіштерінің өзгеру диапазондары талданған және осы диаграмма жас жұлдыз объектілерін олардың эволюциялық сатысына сәйкес анықтаудың жаңа критерийлерді айқындауға мүмкіндік беретіндігін көрсетілген.","PeriodicalId":29678,"journal":{"name":"Recent Contributions to Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of physical parameters of the W40 HII region using observations of Н110a radio recombination line","authors":"A.B. Manapbayeva","doi":"10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.01","url":null,"abstract":"HII regions are ionized regions of interstellar gas, which ionized by intensive ultraviolet radiation from nearby hot stars. Radio recombination line is one of the main tools for investigating the HII region, in particular, the distribution of HII is obtained and the main physical conditions of the interstellar matter are determined from hydrogen lines. This study was carried out based on the analysis of the H110a recombination emission line toward the W40 HII region, which is one of the most active star-forming regions in the Aquila Molecular Cloud. We used archival observational data of the H110a radio recombination line in the Aquila Molecular Cloud, obtained during February in 2015 using the 26m NanShan radiotelescope in the Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. During the period of the study, an integrated intensity map of H110a toward the W40 HII region and the corresponding spectra were constructed. The electron density and temperature of the HII region, the emission measure, the optical thickness, the Lyman continuum flux, the excitation parameter, the radius of the Strömgren sphere, and the mass of ionized hydrogen inside the sphere were calculated. The values of the emission measure and optical thickness indicate that the H110a recombination radio line is optically thin and traces a very dense region (<6462 AU) with a high electron temperature. The numbers of photons of the Lyman continuum indicates the presence of a massive O9.5 star, that equivalent to a zero-age main-sequence star located within the HII region. The obtained values of the physical parameters indicate that the region of ionized hydrogen under study is an ultracompact region. The results of this article lay the foundation for further research aimed at studying the evolution of HII regions, as well as their role in the processes of starformation.","PeriodicalId":29678,"journal":{"name":"Recent Contributions to Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical fields as factors of natural processes in the works of the center for astrophysical research of North Kazakhstan University","authors":"A.A. Solodovnik","doi":"10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/rcph.2023.v86.i3.03","url":null,"abstract":"Some features of the approach to solving both purely practical and general theoretical problems based on the application of the field approach as a causal factor in the development of a number of phenomena are considered. In particular, when studying the genesis and evolution of mesospheric silvery clouds, the determining influence of a number of large-scale tropospheric processes on their development is consistently revealed. An original method of synthetic maps is proposed in this direction. Extensive statistical analysis of the cartographic material revealed that cyclonic activity, frontogenesis, development of occlusions and thunderstorm foci have a pronounced physical effect on the formation of silvery clouds over the northern hemisphere. The extraordinary results of the work stimulated further study of the influence of the temperature field of high latitudes in the southern hemisphere of the Earth – Antarctica – on the features of the seasonal evolution of the area of the global field of silvery clouds of the southern hemisphere. For the first time in research practice, statistically convincing evidence has been obtained that the surface temperature field is the leading factor in the formation of silvery clouds. This makes it possible, in turn, to consider silvery clouds as a significant marker of climate change. Along with this, longitude variations of the area of silvery clouds of the northern hemisphere of the Earth are considered. The results suggest the influence of geophysical fields on the genesis of such clouds. The question of the nature of gravitational and inert coupling is considered separately. A hypothesis has been put forward that allows not only to clarify the view of the nature of the inert mass, but also to estimate several general characteristics of the Universe relatively simply. The work is completed by a proposal to take a fresh look at the physical nature of information, based on the field method.","PeriodicalId":29678,"journal":{"name":"Recent Contributions to Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}