{"title":"The tie-zone watershed: definition, algorithm and applications","authors":"Romaric Audigier, R. Lotufo, M. Couprie","doi":"10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530140","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a new type of watershed transform is introduced: the tie-zone watershed (TZWS). This region-based watershed transform does not depend on arbitrary implementation and provides a unique and optimal solution. Indeed, many solutions are sometimes possible when segmenting an image with a watershed algorithm. In this case, the TZWS assigns each pixel to a catchment basin (CB) if in all solutions it belongs to this CB. Otherwise, the pixel is said to belong to a tie-zone (TZ). We propose an efficient algorithm based on image foresting transform (IFT) which computes the TZWS transform as a shortest-path forest. Finally, two applications of this TZWS are presented: bounding intervals for segmented objects' extensions and a progressive segmentation procedure.","PeriodicalId":295452,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123743537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An adaptive linear system framework for image distortion analysis","authors":"Zhou Wang, Eero P. Simoncelli","doi":"10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530603","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a framework for decomposing the distortion between two images into a linear combination of components. Unlike conventional linear bases such as those in Fourier or wavelet decompositions, a subset of the components in our representation are not fixed, but are adaptively computed from the input images. We show that this framework is a generalization of a number of existing image comparison approaches. As an example of a specific implementation, we select the components based on the structural similarity principle, separating the overall image distortions into non-structural distortions (those that do not change the structures of the objects in the scene) and the remaining structural distortions. We demonstrate that the resulting measure is effective in predicting image distortions as perceived by human observers.","PeriodicalId":295452,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124009989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Visual data rate gain for wavelet foveated image coding","authors":"Hyungkeuk Lee, Sanghoon Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530323","url":null,"abstract":"Wavelet image coding exhibits a robust error resilience performance by utilizing the naturally layered bitstream construction over a band-limited channel. In this paper, a closed form of the visual entropy is defined based on a visual weight over the wavelet domain, which is characterized by the HVS (human vision system) over the frequency and spatial domains. This visual weight is then utilized as a criterion for determining the coding order of wavelet coefficients and the resulting improved visual quality is demonstrated. In terms of visual entropy, a transmission gain of up to 20 % can be obtained at a normalized channel throughput of about 0.3.","PeriodicalId":295452,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125196427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Natural contrast statistics and the selection of visual fixations","authors":"R. Raj, W. Geisler, Robert A. Frazor, A. Bovik","doi":"10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530601","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we address the problem of visual surveillance, which we define as the problem of optimally extracting information from the visual scene with a fixating, foveated imaging system. We are explicitly concerned with eye/camera movement strategies that result in maximizing information extraction from the visual field. Here we demonstrate how a novel characterization of the contrast statistics of natural images can be used for selecting fixation points that minimize the total contrast uncertainty (entropy) of natural images. We demonstrate the performance of the algorithm and compare its performance to ground truth methods. The results show that our algorithm performs favorably in terms of both efficiency and its ability to find salient features in the image.","PeriodicalId":295452,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122760303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HMM-based motion recognition system using segmented PCA","authors":"F. Bashir, Wei Qu, A. Khokhar, D. Schonfeld","doi":"10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530635","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a novel technique for model-based recognition of complex object motion trajectories using hidden Markov models (HMM). We build our models on principal component analysis (PCA)-based representation of trajectories after segmenting them into small units of perceptually similar pieces of motions. These subtrajectories are then grouped using spectral clustering to decide on the number of states for each HMM representing a class of object motion. The hidden states of the HMMs are represented by Gaussian mixtures (GM's). This way the HMM topology as well as the parameters are automatically derived from the training data in a fully unsupervised sense. Experiments are performed on two data sets; the ASL data set (from UCI's KDD archives) consists of 207 trajectories depicting signs for three words, from Australian Sign Language (ASL); the HJSL data set contains 108 trajectories from sports videos. Our experiments yield an accuracy of 90+% performing much better than existing approaches.","PeriodicalId":295452,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131914756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q. Qu, Y. Pei, J. Modestino, Xusheng Tian, Bin Wang
{"title":"Cross-layer design for delay-constrained error-resilient video communications over wireless ad-hoc networks","authors":"Q. Qu, Y. Pei, J. Modestino, Xusheng Tian, Bin Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530493","url":null,"abstract":"For video communications over wireless ad-hoc networks, there are fundamentally two different kinds of packet losses: packet losses due to channel over-pumping, where the operating transmission rate is higher than the prevailing channel capacity, and packet losses due to transmission errors. To eliminate the first kind of packet losses, rate-control is necessary in order to adapt to the time-varying channel capacity. For the second kind of packet losses, error-resilient coding techniques should be used. In this paper, we propose a cross-layer rate-control scheme based on an analytical study of how the effective video transmission rate is affected by the prevailing operating parameters. Furthermore, in order to provide error-resilient real-time video delivery over such wireless ad-hoc networks, a cross-layer delay-constrained joint source-channel coding (JSCC) approach, to be used in conjunction with rate-control, is proposed and investigated. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of this combination of cross-layer rate-control and delay-constrained JSCC for supporting error-resilient video delivery over wireless ad-hoc networks operating under a delay constraint.","PeriodicalId":295452,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132072598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the bandlimitedness of the plenoptic function","authors":"M. Do, Davy Marchand-Maillet, M. Vetterli","doi":"10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530317","url":null,"abstract":"Image based-rendering (IBR) can be seen as the sampling and reconstruction of the plenoptic function. The question of the minimum sampling rate in IBR can be addressed via spectral analysis of the plenoptic function. We study a model of the scene where bandlimited images are \"painted\" on surfaces (e.g. of objects or walls). We show that, in general, the plenoptic function is not bandlimited unless the surfaces are flat. We then characterize the spectral decay of the plenoptic function for this model.","PeriodicalId":295452,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124889762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An area-efficient and high-throughput de-blocking filter for multi-standard video applications","authors":"Tsu-Ming Liu, Wen-Ping Lee, Chen-Yi Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530574","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose an area-efficient design approach to cover both in-loop and post-loop filtering processes for multiple video coding standards. In addition, we propose a hybrid filter scheduling to improve system throughput. Compared with available designs [Yu-Wen Huang et al, 2003][M. Sima et al, 2004], the proposed approach saves about one-half of processing cycles, and hence reduces power dissipation. Compared to the original loop-filter, the proposed loop/post filter only incurs 20.7% of extra cost. Simulation results show that our proposal can easily achieve real-time decoding for 1080HD when the working frequency is 100 MHz.","PeriodicalId":295452,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114891854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Source camera identification based on CFA interpolation","authors":"Sevinc Bayram, H. Sencar, N. Memon, I. Avcibas","doi":"10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530330","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we focus our interest on blind source camera identification problem by extending our results in the direction of M. Kharrazi et al. (2004). The interpolation in the color surface of an image due to the use of a color filter array (CFA) forms the basis of the paper. We propose to identify the source camera of an image based on traces of the proprietary interpolation algorithm deployed by a digital camera. For this purpose, a set of image characteristics are defined and then used in conjunction with a support vector machine based multi-class classifier to determine the originating digital camera. We also provide initial results on identifying source among two and three digital cameras.","PeriodicalId":295452,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126617708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of MPEG-4 facial animation parameter groups with respect to audio-visual speech recognition performance","authors":"Petar S. Aleksic, A. Katsaggelos","doi":"10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2005.1530438","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we describe an audio-visual automatic speech recognition (AV-ASR) system that utilizes facial animation parameters (FAPs), supported by the MPEG-4 standard, for the visual representation of speech. We describe the visual feature extraction algorithms used for extracting FAPs, which control outer- and inner-lip movement. Principal component analysis (PCA) is performed on both inner- and outer-lip FAP vector in order to decrease their dimensionality and decorrelate them. The PCA-based projection weights of the extracted FAP vectors are used as visual features. Multi-stream hidden Markov models (HMMs) and a late integration approach are used to integrate audio and visual information and train a continuous AV-ASR system. We compare the performance of the developed AV-ASR system utilizing outer- and inner lip FAPs, individually and jointly. Experiments were performed for different dimensionalities of the visual features, at various SNRs (0-30dB) with additive white Gaussian noise, on a relatively large vocabulary (approximately 1000 words) database. The proposed system reduces the word error rate (WER) by 20% to 23% relatively to audio-only ASR WERs. Conclusions are drawn on the individual and combined effectiveness of the inner- and outer-lip FAPs, the trade off between the dimensionality of the visual features and the amount of speechreading information contained in them and its influence on the AV-ASR performance.","PeriodicalId":295452,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127521160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}