2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing最新文献

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Seeking Time-Composable Partitions of Tasks for COTS Multicore Processors 面向COTS多核处理器的时间可组合任务分区研究
2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing Pub Date : 2015-04-13 DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.2015.43
Gabriel Fernandez, J. Abella, E. Quiñones, L. Fossati, Marco Zulianello, T. Vardanega, F. Cazorla
{"title":"Seeking Time-Composable Partitions of Tasks for COTS Multicore Processors","authors":"Gabriel Fernandez, J. Abella, E. Quiñones, L. Fossati, Marco Zulianello, T. Vardanega, F. Cazorla","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2015.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2015.43","url":null,"abstract":"The timing verification of real-time single core systems involves a timing analysis step that yields an Execution Time Bound (ETB) for each task, followed by a schedulability analysis step, where the scheduling attributes of the individual tasks, including the ETB, are studied from the system level perspective. The transition between those two steps involves accounting for the interference effects that arise when tasks contend for access to shared resource. The advent of multicore processors challenges the viability of this two-step approach because several complex contention effects at the processor level arise that cause tasks to be unable to make progress while actually holding the CPU, which are very difficult to tightly capture by simply inflating the tasks' ETB. In this paper we show how contention on access to hardware shared resources creates a circular dependence between the determination of tasks' ETB and their scheduling at runtime. To help loosen this knot we present an approach that acknowledges different flavors of time compos ability, examining in detail the variant intended for partitioned scheduling, which we evaluate on two real processor boards used in the space domain.","PeriodicalId":294446,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126972454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Towards Real-Time Result Verification Using Checkpointing in Volunteer Computing Systems 在志愿计算系统中使用检查点实现实时结果验证
2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing Pub Date : 2015-04-13 DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.2015.31
Nouman M. Durrani, Tasmiyah Iqbal, J. Shamsi, Nadeem Kafi Khan
{"title":"Towards Real-Time Result Verification Using Checkpointing in Volunteer Computing Systems","authors":"Nouman M. Durrani, Tasmiyah Iqbal, J. Shamsi, Nadeem Kafi Khan","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2015.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2015.31","url":null,"abstract":"Volunteer Computing is a form of network based distributed computing, which allows public participants to share their idle computing resources, and helps run computationally expensive projects. Many existing volunteer computing platforms consist of millions of users, providing huge amount of memory and processing. Due to the rapid growth in the volunteer computing projects, more researchers have been attracted to study and improve the existing volunteer computing system using heterogeneous set of resources. Also, the task distribution and result verification policies incorporated in the popular volunteer computing frameworks are not efficient because much of the user computation is wasted. This paper highlights the drawbacks of existing schemes and proposes a framework for real-time task division, distribution, early detection and mitigation of faults in a volunteer computing system. The main motivation behind this research is to devise a methodology that reduces the overhead incurred by replication. The check pointing scheme proposed triggers intermediate result verification and the grouping of resources aids in the efficient scheduling of work units which improves accuracy of the volunteer cloud. The research will enable the research community to study the available schemes used in volunteer computing and help them fill gaps in existing research.","PeriodicalId":294446,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing","volume":"241 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124659867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DIVIDER: Modelling and Evaluating Real-Time Service-Oriented Cyberphysical Co-Simulations 分隔:建模和评估实时面向服务的网络物理联合仿真
2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing Pub Date : 2015-04-13 DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.2015.30
D. McKee, D. Webster, Jie Xu, D. Battersby
{"title":"DIVIDER: Modelling and Evaluating Real-Time Service-Oriented Cyberphysical Co-Simulations","authors":"D. McKee, D. Webster, Jie Xu, D. Battersby","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2015.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2015.30","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to reliably distribute simulations across a distributed system and seamlessly integrate them as a workflow regardless of their level of abstraction is critical to improving the quality of product manufacturing. This paper presents the DIVIDER architecture for managing and maintaining real-time performance simulations integrated through SOAs. The described approach captures features present in complex workflow patterns such as asynchronous arbitrary cycles and estimates the worst case execution time in the context of the interfering execution environment.","PeriodicalId":294446,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125930140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Hardware Locks with Priority Ceiling Emulation for a Java Chip-Multiprocessor 具有优先级上限仿真的Java芯片多处理器硬件锁
2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing Pub Date : 2015-04-13 DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.2015.33
Tórur Biskopstø Strøm, Martin Schoeberl
{"title":"Hardware Locks with Priority Ceiling Emulation for a Java Chip-Multiprocessor","authors":"Tórur Biskopstø Strøm, Martin Schoeberl","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2015.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2015.33","url":null,"abstract":"According to the safety-critical Java specification, priority ceiling emulation is a requirement for implementations, as it has preferable properties, such as avoiding priority inversion and being deadlock free on uni-core systems. In this paper we explore our hardware supported implementation of priority ceiling emulation on the multicore Java optimized processor, and compare it to the existing hardware locks on the Java optimized processor. We find that the additional overhead for priority ceiling emulation on a multicore processor is several times higher than simpler, non-premptive locks, mainly due to slow access to shared memory. We also find that PCE is mostly viable with large critical sections.","PeriodicalId":294446,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131247238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Sensitivity Analysis of Dropped Samples for Performance-Oriented Controller Design 面向性能控制器设计的丢样灵敏度分析
2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing Pub Date : 2015-04-13 DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.2015.16
T. Bund, F. Slomka
{"title":"Sensitivity Analysis of Dropped Samples for Performance-Oriented Controller Design","authors":"T. Bund, F. Slomka","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2015.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2015.16","url":null,"abstract":"When designing networked control system (NCS), a main design goal is to reduce the resource usage as far as possible while guaranteeing a predefined control performance. A sensor node that skips samples reduces the resource usage of the control application, but also causes a performance degradation of the NCS. To obtain an efficient co-design, this paper makes use of an expressive model that bounds the occurrence of dropped samples in the interval domain. With such a model, the borderline of the specified control performance is reached while introducing minimal pessimism. Furthermore, we present in this paper a sensitivity analysis that derives the maximum density of dropped samples from the impulse response behavior of a control system with respect to a predefined performance threshold. This bound on the density of dropped samples allows a resource reduction, which can be used by sporadic tasks in mixed criticality systems without endangering the control performance threshold.","PeriodicalId":294446,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing","volume":"427 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123050916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Buffer Sizing to Reduce Interference and Increase Throughput of Real-Time Stream Processing Applications 缓冲大小减少干扰和增加实时流处理应用程序的吞吐量
2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing Pub Date : 2015-04-13 DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.2015.14
P. Wilmanns, Stefan J. Geuns, J. Hausmans, M. Bekooij
{"title":"Buffer Sizing to Reduce Interference and Increase Throughput of Real-Time Stream Processing Applications","authors":"P. Wilmanns, Stefan J. Geuns, J. Hausmans, M. Bekooij","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2015.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2015.14","url":null,"abstract":"Existing temporal analysis and buffer sizing techniques for real-time stream processing applications ignore that FIFO buffers bound interference between tasks on the same processor. By considering this effect it can be shown that a reduction of buffer capacities can result in a higher throughput. However, the relation between buffer capacities and throughput is non-monotone in general, which makes an exploitation of the effect challenging. In this paper a buffer sizing approach is presented which exploits that FIFO buffers bound interference between tasks on shared processors. The approach combines temporal analysis using a cyclic dataflow model with computation of buffer capacities in an iterative manner and thereby enables higher throughput guarantees at smaller buffer capacities. It is shown that convergence of the proposed analysis flow is guaranteed. The benefits of the presented approach are demonstrated using a WLAN 802.11p transceiver application executed on a multiprocessor system with shared processors. If buffers without blocking writes are used an up to 25% higher guaranteeable throughput and up to 23% smaller buffer capacities can be determined compared to existing approaches. For systems using buffers with blocking writes the guaranteeable throughput is even up to 43% higher and buffer capacities up to 11% smaller.","PeriodicalId":294446,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116728822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
A Generator for Time-Predictable Code 时间可预测代码的生成器
2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing Pub Date : 2015-04-13 DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.2015.40
Daniel Prokesch, Stefan Hepp, P. Puschner
{"title":"A Generator for Time-Predictable Code","authors":"Daniel Prokesch, Stefan Hepp, P. Puschner","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2015.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2015.40","url":null,"abstract":"Time-predictability is an essential property of software components of safety-critical hard real-time systems. Single-path code generation produces code that forces every execution to follow the same trace of instructions, thus making the execution time of code independent of its input data. This supports the time predictability of components and simplifies their worst-case execution-time analysis. In this paper we present the implementation of a single-path code generator in a compiler for a time-predictable processor. The evaluation on a real-world application shows that single-path code generation is a practicable strategy for the construction of time-predictable software components.","PeriodicalId":294446,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing","volume":"20 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131539331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Mobility-as-a-Service: A Distributed Real-Time Simulation with Carrera Slot-Cars 移动即服务:Carrera插槽车的分布式实时仿真
2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing Pub Date : 2015-04-13 DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.2015.19
D. Richter, Andreas Grapentin, A. Polze
{"title":"Mobility-as-a-Service: A Distributed Real-Time Simulation with Carrera Slot-Cars","authors":"D. Richter, Andreas Grapentin, A. Polze","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2015.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2015.19","url":null,"abstract":"Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) describes a class of applications where traditional real-time control systems are enhanced by backbone services accessed via the mobile Internet. In order to implement MaaS, new architectures for multi-stage real-time systems with several layers of control loops have to be implemented. Using approaches such as analytic redundancy, hard real-time control loops are extended with software-defined sensors that deliver data with soft real-time semantics. We describe a real-time control experiment that has been implemented in our Distributed Control Lab with four stages - an extended digital Carrera race track (D132), custom built sensor/actuator boards, a control PC, and an outer control loop established via web services - and present a timing analysis. Our architecture allows for decoupling of hard real-time processing on embedded control units and soft real-time data acquisition on the outer layers.","PeriodicalId":294446,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131752511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Modeling Network Medium Access Protocols for Network Quality of Service Analysis 基于网络服务质量分析的网络介质访问协议建模
2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing Pub Date : 2015-04-13 DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.2015.47
W. Emfinger, G. Karsai
{"title":"Modeling Network Medium Access Protocols for Network Quality of Service Analysis","authors":"W. Emfinger, G. Karsai","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2015.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2015.47","url":null,"abstract":"Design-time analysis and verification of distributed real-time embedded systems necessitates the modeling of the time-varying performance of the network and comparing that to application requirements. Earlier work has shown how to build a system network model that abstracted away the network's physical medium and protocols which govern its access and multiplexing. In this work we show how to apply a network medium channel access protocol, such as Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA), to our network analysis methods and use the results to show that the abstracted model without the explicit model of the protocol is valid.","PeriodicalId":294446,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133306653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Code Optimization of Periodic Preemptive Hard Real-Time Multitasking Systems 周期性抢占式硬实时多任务系统的代码优化
2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing Pub Date : 2015-04-13 DOI: 10.1109/ISORC.2015.8
Arno Luppold, H. Falk
{"title":"Code Optimization of Periodic Preemptive Hard Real-Time Multitasking Systems","authors":"Arno Luppold, H. Falk","doi":"10.1109/ISORC.2015.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.2015.8","url":null,"abstract":"In hard real-time systems, each task has to provably finish its execution within its respective deadline. Compiler optimizations can be used to improve each task's timing behavior. However, current compilers do not consider tasks' deadlines and can therefore not be used to reliably optimize hard real-time systems with regard to its schedulability. We propose a compiler optimization framework based on Integer-Linear Programming which allows for schedulability aware code optimizations of hard real-time multitasking systems. We evaluate the framework using an instruction scratchpad optimization. The results show that our approach can be used to improve the schedulability of hard real-time systems significantly.","PeriodicalId":294446,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123674870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
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