NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability最新文献

CIMIC and Peacekeeping 'Effectiveness': The Role of 'Communication' as a Critical Interface in Evolving UNPKO Dynamics 中集与维和“有效性”:“沟通”在联合国维和行动动态演变中的关键接口作用

NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability Pub Date : 2022-01-26 DOI: 10.37540/njips.v5i1.113

Muhammad Abdul Wassay, Faruzan Anwar Butt

{"title":"CIMIC and Peacekeeping 'Effectiveness': The Role of 'Communication' as a Critical Interface in Evolving UNPKO Dynamics","authors":"Muhammad Abdul Wassay, Faruzan Anwar Butt","doi":"10.37540/njips.v5i1.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37540/njips.v5i1.113","url":null,"abstract":"‘Communication,’ as an ongoing process underlying civil-military interaction, may be taken as a key component in conceptualizing Civil-Military Coordination (CIMIC) in the context of peacekeeping. Consequently, it allows for a process-centric understanding of peacekeeping ‘effectiveness,’ particularly in the light of the growing disconnect between the functional dynamics of on-ground missions and broader overarching doctrine/principles. Transitional and Protection of Civilians (POC) mandates compel United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (UNPKOs) to operate on the margins of existing doctrine, requiring personnel engaged in conflict management to cultivate and exercise a broader skillset than one initially associated with traditional peacekeeping. Given this background, this research utilizes ‘scenario-based interviews’ so as to engage with the self-reflexive praxis of veteran Pakistani peacekeepers having served in integrated/hybrid missions. In doing so, it attempts to conceptualize communication as a process premised on the ‘shared intentionality’ of both military and civil personnel, utilizing de Coning’s peacekeeping dimension. Inputs received from the interview process are analyzed using a model conceptualizing communication as a process essential to the realization of successful PKO outcomes. Two key subthemes emerging from the interview process, i.e., crisis management/risk perception and resource management are discussed in relation to decisional processes and ‘bounded rationality’ constraints attending inter-and intra-group communication under CIMIC in peacekeeping spaces.","PeriodicalId":294122,"journal":{"name":"NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114245297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Education for Sustainable Development and Social Tolerance: Evidence from Teacher Education Institutions in Pakistan 可持续发展教育与社会宽容:来自巴基斯坦教师教育机构的证据

NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability Pub Date : 2022-01-25 DOI: 10.37540/njips.v5i1.115

Amber Jamshaid

{"title":"Education for Sustainable Development and Social Tolerance: Evidence from Teacher Education Institutions in Pakistan","authors":"Amber Jamshaid","doi":"10.37540/njips.v5i1.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37540/njips.v5i1.115","url":null,"abstract":"Education for sustainable development is an evolving notion in teacher education that highlights the need for tolerance, acceptance, and diversity. Therefore, there is a greater need to elucidate the contributions of teacher educators in promoting social tolerance through Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). In addition, it is crucial to understand the challenges faced by teacher educators while dealing with the intolerant, extremist views and/or behaviors in a particular social setting. In doing so, this research interviewed teacher educators (N=12) through a purposive sampling strategy to determine the respondents’ views about the promotion of social tolerance strategies integrated with ESD. The data was analyzed through qualitative data analysis software (NVivo) and themes were extracted based on the analysis plots. The research argues that the promotion of social tolerance within teacher education through ESD is a multi-layered process and requires attention at the policy level. It suggests that the existing structure of the Teacher Education program and the curricula are barely in line with the indicated ESD contents and strategies (integration with teaching and learning) needed to promote social tolerance and societal peace in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":294122,"journal":{"name":"NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability","volume":"278 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115967638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Futility of U.N. Peacekeeping in the Kashmir Valley 联合国在克什米尔山谷的维和行动是徒劳的

NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability Pub Date : 2022-01-25 DOI: 10.37540/njips.v5i1.123

Ehsan Shah

引用次数: 0

CIMIC and Peacekeeping ‘Effectiveness’: The Role of ‘Communication’ as a Critical Interface in Evolving UNPKO Dynamics 中集与维和“有效性”:“沟通”在联合国维和行动动态演变中的关键接口作用

NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability Pub Date : 2022-01-25 DOI: 10.37540/njips.v5i1.118

Muhammad Abdul Wassay, Faruzan Anwar Butt

{"title":"CIMIC and Peacekeeping ‘Effectiveness’: The Role of ‘Communication’ as a Critical Interface in Evolving UNPKO Dynamics","authors":"Muhammad Abdul Wassay, Faruzan Anwar Butt","doi":"10.37540/njips.v5i1.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37540/njips.v5i1.118","url":null,"abstract":"‘Communication,’ as an ongoing process underlying civil-military interaction, may be taken as a key component in conceptualizing Civil-Military Coordination (CIMIC) in the context of peacekeeping. Consequently, it allows for a process-centric understanding of peacekeeping ‘effectiveness,’ particularly in the light of the growing disconnect between the functional dynamics of on-ground missions and broader overarching doctrine/principles. Transitional and Protection of Civilians (POC) mandates compel United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (UNPKOs) to operate on the margins of existing doctrine, requiring personnel engaged in conflict management to cultivate and exercise a broader skillset than one initially associated with traditional peacekeeping. Given this background, this research utilizes ‘scenario-based interviews’ so as to engage with the self-reflexive praxis of veteran Pakistani peacekeepers having served in integrated/hybrid missions. In doing so, it attempts to conceptualize communication as a process premised on the ‘shared intentionality’ of both military and civil personnel, utilizing de Coning’s peacekeeping dimension. Inputs received from the interview process are analyzed using a model conceptualizing communication as a process essential to the realization of successful PKO outcomes. Two key subthemes emerging from the interview process, i.e., crisis management/risk perception and resource management are discussed in relation to decisional processes and ‘bounded rationality constraints attending inter-and intra-group communication under CIMIC in peacekeeping spaces.","PeriodicalId":294122,"journal":{"name":"NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114856113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Phenomenon of Far-Right Extremism in Pakistan: A Myth or Reality? 巴基斯坦极右翼极端主义现象:神话还是现实?

NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability Pub Date : 2022-01-25 DOI: 10.37540/njips.v5i1.110

Abeeda Qureshi, Tanzeela Naz

{"title":"The Phenomenon of Far-Right Extremism in Pakistan: A Myth or Reality?","authors":"Abeeda Qureshi, Tanzeela Naz","doi":"10.37540/njips.v5i1.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37540/njips.v5i1.110","url":null,"abstract":"The world has witnessed an increase in far-right extremism, particularly in Poland, Germany, Austria, Hungary, India, and the U.S. where far-right political parties have assumed power. However, the term \"far-right extremism\" is not frequently used in Pakistan and is generally considered synonymous with religious extremism or radicalization. This study explores the applicability of the term in the context of Pakistan to determine which political entities in Pakistan can be labeled as far-right political parties. The study observes increasing electoral support for far-right political parties in Pakistan, especially in the last general election held in 2018. Though the support increased, it failed to materialize in a tangible form as the far-right political parties could not win any National Assembly seat in the election. The paper concludes by arguing that the increase in the vote bank of far-right political parties in the last general elections was a temporary and politically-motivated phenomenon that capitalized on people's disillusionment towards the mainstream political parties. Nonetheless, the phenomenon has seriously disrupted the socio-political order in Pakistan, as witnessed in the recent violent standoff between the Government of Pakistan and the Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan (TLP) protesters.","PeriodicalId":294122,"journal":{"name":"NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127182244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Influence of Globalization on Insurgency: Boko Haram and Al-Shabaab in the Age of Information Technology 全球化对叛乱的影响:信息技术时代的博科圣地和青年党

NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability Pub Date : 2022-01-25 DOI: 10.37540/njips.v5i1.116

Adebowale Idowu Adeyeye, O. Akinrinde, O. Omodunbi

{"title":"The Influence of Globalization on Insurgency: Boko Haram and Al-Shabaab in the Age of Information Technology","authors":"Adebowale Idowu Adeyeye, O. Akinrinde, O. Omodunbi","doi":"10.37540/njips.v5i1.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37540/njips.v5i1.116","url":null,"abstract":"Without a doubt, Africa is presently faced with violence, war, and acts of terrorism arising from the activities of insurgents. This paper examines the ways globalization aids insurgent activities and increasing manipulation of globalization by insurgents. It also looks at the negative impacts of violence and the need to find solutions to the insurgents’ activities that have generated concerns for the contemporary global system. The issues raised are significant considering the need to find solutions to the violence in the continent. This paper argues that just as globalization has encouraged increased technology, lowered transportation cost, increased trade, and capital flow, and the overall economic growth of nation-states; it has also allowed insurgency and terrorism to spread easily; serving as a sanctuary to insurgent groups and aiding the activities of insurgents. Although globalization has been fingered as a factor in some cases of insurgency, it is not itself the main cause of insurgency; however, globalization has dramatically helped transform the strategies, tactics, and the overallactivities of insurgents in the past two decades. This is because insurgents have directly and indirectly manipulated the faceless character of globalization to carry out their activities, especially Al-Shabaab in Kenya and Boko Haram in Nigeria. The paper states that just as insurgents have exploited globalization to perpetrate terror, globalization can also be used as a vital tool in counter-insurgency (COIN) and theWar on Terror (WoT).","PeriodicalId":294122,"journal":{"name":"NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132347229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Youth, Counter Violent Extremism and (Social) Media: A Case of Pakistan 青年、反暴力极端主义和(社会)媒体:巴基斯坦的案例

NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability Pub Date : 2022-01-25 DOI: 10.37540/njips.v5i1.122

Arshia Hashmi, M. Hamid, Syed Ishrat Ali Hashmi

引用次数: 0

UN Peacekeeping during Health Crises: Covid-19 and Expansion of Mission Mandates 卫生危机期间的联合国维持和平:2019冠状病毒病与特派团任务扩大

NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.37540/njips.v4i2.106

Hajira Arif

{"title":"UN Peacekeeping during Health Crises: Covid-19 and Expansion of Mission Mandates","authors":"Hajira Arif","doi":"10.37540/njips.v4i2.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37540/njips.v4i2.106","url":null,"abstract":"The United Nations (UN) peacekeeping missions are increasingly deployed in highly complex environments, working towards realizing global peace and security. The missions face numerous challenges ranging from socio-economic dimensions to even political hurdles. Among these challenges, the role of peacekeepers during health crises calls for in-depth exploration. With the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, the need for contextualizing peacekeeping amid health crises is receiving utmost attention. This essay looks at this challenge, notably during the outbreaks of HIV/AIDS, Cholera, Ebola, and the ongoing pandemic (i.e., Covid-19). It briefly analyzes the impacts experienced and the role played by peacekeepers during the times of these outbreaks. The essay also explores the need for „transformation‟ of peacekeeping missions to counter the challenges posed by health crises. It highlights how globalization has caused the „globalized‟ nature of diseases, and therefore thereis an urgent need for exploration and adoption of policies concerning this issue. The essay also suggests some of these potential measures that may equip the peacekeeping missions to fulfil their mandated tasks effectively. It also points towards the gaps in the literature, whose exploration may contribute towards realizing health crises within the broader roles of the peacekeeping mandates.","PeriodicalId":294122,"journal":{"name":"NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132766241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Violent Conflicts and ‘Early Warning and Risk Analysis’ in Post Covid-19: An Analytical Framework 2019冠状病毒病后的暴力冲突与“早期预警和风险分析”:一个分析框架

NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.37540/njips.v4i2.96

Dr. Maria Saifuddin Effendi

{"title":"Violent Conflicts and ‘Early Warning and Risk Analysis’ in Post Covid-19: An Analytical Framework","authors":"Dr. Maria Saifuddin Effendi","doi":"10.37540/njips.v4i2.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37540/njips.v4i2.96","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 has exacerbated violence in Kashmir, Syria, Palestine, and Afghanistan. Direct and structural violence, through discriminatory policies, has increased the risk of the humanitarian crisis in Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. A few examples of this include the communication blockade in the Indian occupied Kashmir [IOK] and Palestine, supply of expired Covid vaccines to Palestine by Israel, and no provision of vaccination for the Balukhali Rohingya refugee camp in Bangladesh. During Covid-19, these communities have also been suffering due to insufficient health care facilities besides violence. Considering that the international community invests substantially to develop Early Warning and Risk Analysis (EWRA; such as hotline communication between rival states) to gauge the 'traditional military threats' related to the nuclear states. This study focuses on developing a customized EWRA that can help countries prevent the vulnerabilities of violent conflicts during Covid-19. It argues that EWRA only helps prevent a violent conflict but does not aim to provide solutions to the conflicts. The article takes a generic approach to violent conflicts, building on how Covid-19 has increased direct and structural violence in those areas. The study, with a qualitative exploratory approach, offers unique contribution to the literature. First, it is an original contribution to the literature on conflict prevention as no EWRA is suggested to deal with the combined threats of Covid-19 and violent conflicts. Second, it evolves a discussion on paradigm shifts from geo-politics/geo-economics (during post 9-11 era) to geo-humanism in the postCovid-19 period.","PeriodicalId":294122,"journal":{"name":"NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127164334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Managing Ethnic Conflict in Sri Lanka through Constitutional Arrangements 通过宪法安排管理斯里兰卡的种族冲突

NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.37540/njips.v4i2.92

Ilam Khan

{"title":"Managing Ethnic Conflict in Sri Lanka through Constitutional Arrangements","authors":"Ilam Khan","doi":"10.37540/njips.v4i2.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37540/njips.v4i2.92","url":null,"abstract":"Marginalization causes conflicts; they may be political, social, or economic. A careful contemplation over the history of Sri Lanka reveals that the sentiments of being marginalized have been present — in one (ethnic) group or the other — in the island right from its independence. When the majority ethnic group, i.e., the Sinhala, was in a position of power, it manipulated the constitution of the country to safeguard its own interests. This widened the rift among different ethnic and religious groups, especially between the Sinhala and the Tamil. This structural marginalization resulted in a civil war, starting in 1983, that lasted for 26 years. However, the ethnic conflict did not resolve even after the end of the civil war and continues to exist in the form of a political struggle between the Tamil and Sinhala. The Tamil demand for federation, autonomy, inclusion, and self-determination can only be achieved through constitutional means. Therefore, this research evaluates the post-Civil Warconstitutional development and amendment processes that were, at a point in time, more pluralistic and liberal, and contributing well to managing the ethnic conflict in the country. It was expected that the ethnic conflict would be permanently resolved through the constitutional arrangements, which Sri Lanka was already heading. However, the majority (Sinhala) reversed the progress through a new (20th) amendment to the constitution. Against this backdrop, this article argues that all segments of the society can be accommodated in the political sphere of the state through political liberalization which is possible only through constitutional arrangements.","PeriodicalId":294122,"journal":{"name":"NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121153027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0