BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2536-6041)最新文献

{"title":"PREVALENCE OF REFRACTIVE ERROR AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR IRREGULAR EYE SCREENING SERVICES IN NIGERIA","authors":"I. L, K. O. A, Anas HUSSAINY YUSUF","doi":"10.56892/bima.v6i03.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56892/bima.v6i03.71","url":null,"abstract":"Refractive error is caused by an error in the refractive power of the eye due to alteration in the ocular length. Uncorrected Refractive error is the second leading cause of visual impairment worldwide. Uncorrected refractive errors are common visual impairment among medical students. The study was designed to determine the prevalence of Refractive error among medicalstudents. A cross-sectional study conducted from October, 2021 – March, 2021 among Medical students. 157 students were selected by simple sampling technique, aged between 17 to 25 years. Demographic data of each student was obtained by a combination of self-administered interviewer questionnaire and clinical eye examination. The history of the past and previous eyecheckup and use of glasses were also determined. Snellen chart, pinhole, pen-torch, ophthalmoscope, retinoscope were used to determine refractive error among the students. The study showed that 14.0% of `the students had visual impairment, and the prevalence of refractive error was found to be 10.8% with a preponderance of myopia at 70.6%, hyperopia at 17.6%, then astigmatism at 11.8%. Out of the students with myopia, 88.2% had low degree myopia. The study shows that 18.2% of the students were not using corrective lenses. Refractive error is a significant cause of visual impairment and regular eye screening is necessary for early detection and correction of refractive errors among medical students.","PeriodicalId":292938,"journal":{"name":"BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2536-6041)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124723674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, In vitro ANTIOXIDANT AND GC-MS ANALYSIS OF Ziziphus mauritiana LEAVES EXTRACT","authors":"Nkechi Eucharia Egbe, S. Garba, A. Adamu, Firdausi Aliyu","doi":"10.56892/bima.v6i03.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56892/bima.v6i03.48","url":null,"abstract":"Ziziphus mauritiana (Z. mauritiana) is a plant known for its vast nutritional and pharmacological advantages. In the present investigation, leaf extracts of the plants with different solvents were analyzed by colorimetric methods for phytochemicals analysis, spectrophotometrically for the antioxidant activity by DPPH scavenging activity and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) to identify the important functional groups and phytochemical constituents. The study observed the presence of some bioactive phytochemical constituents such as saponins, tannins, alkaloids, phenolics, terpenoids and flavonoids compounds. Colorimetric method suggested that, chloroform extract had the highest content of total phenolics (84.60 ± 0.92 μg GAE/mg of extract) while methanol extract contained higher content of total flavonoids (46.91±1.54 μg QE/mg of extract).Further, methanol extract exhibited higher DPPH free radical scavenging potential of 94.47% compared to ethyl acetate extract which showed the lowest activity of 70.34%.The GC– MS analysis detected the presence of 33 phytochemical compounds with diverse chemical structures from the different extracts. Major compounds identified in methanol, ethyl acetate, hexane and chloroform extracts were squalene (30.08%), salviolinic acid (12.55%), α-linolenic acid (26.42%) and palmitic acid (38.50%) respectively in addition to several other bioactive compounds.The results obtained in the present study suggest that leaves of Z. mauritiana can be used as a source for functional ingredients for pharmaceutical and food industries.","PeriodicalId":292938,"journal":{"name":"BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2536-6041)","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122895300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GREEN SYNTHESIS, SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS AND STABILISATION ENERGY OF IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FROM AQUEOUS Ziziphus LEAF EXTRACT","authors":"E. Karu, B. Magaji, Abdullahi MOHAMMED BELLO","doi":"10.56892/bima.v6i03.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56892/bima.v6i03.43","url":null,"abstract":"Ziziphus mauritiana (ZM) leaf extract was used to synthesize FeO nanoparticles (NPs) and characterised by UV-visible, FTIR, XRD, and SEM. From this study the phytochemical constituents present in the aqueous Ziziphus extract were identified to include phenols, saponins, flavonoids and tannins which both serve as reducing, capping and stabilising agents. The presence of these phytochemicals was confirmed from laboratory tests and infrared spectroscopy. A wavelength of 400 nm was found to correspond to the surface plasmon resonance and used to determine the stabilisation energy of the FeO NPs and found to be 299 kJ/mol. More so, a broad peak was observed at 3426 cm-1 for the leave extract and 3386 cm-1 for the FeO NPs corresponding to O-H stretching vibration probably from alcohols, flavonoids, and phenols. A significant IR peak observed at 536 cm-1 in the FeO NPs spectrum but absent from that of the plant extract, was assigned to Fe-O stretching vibration and serves as a strong evidence for the formation of the nanoparticles. The XRD analysis revealed facecentred cubic morphology with an average crystal size of 36.3 nm calculated by Debye – Scherrer equation and the SEM analysis showed the nanoparticles to be spherical in shape.The synthesized NPs were found to possess significant antimicrobial activity against S. typhi (18 µg/L), E. coli (15 µg/L) S. aureus (16 µg/L0 and S. pneumonia (16 µg/L) by welldiffusion method. The inhibiting activity of the synthesized NPs increased with increase in concentration of the nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":292938,"journal":{"name":"BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2536-6041)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127640852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE INCIDENCE OF UROPATHOGENIC BACTERIA AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CLINIC DOMA HOSPITAL GOMBE","authors":"S. Isa, K. MUSTAPHA Y, J. HAMZA A, Saleh Rashida","doi":"10.56892/bima.v6i03.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56892/bima.v6i03.60","url":null,"abstract":"Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common global problems associated with health conditions. Patients suffering from UTIs like other patients with clinical infections are liable to suffer from wide variety of infectious agents. This study evaluates the presence of uropathogenic bacteria so that appropriate measures to curb their menace could be enhanced. A total of 200 urine sampleswere collected from pregnant women between the ages of ≤20 to 40. CLED (Cystein Lactose Electrolyte Deficient) agar was used for differential isolation of uropathogenic bacteria. Positive samples were subjected to Gram’s staining and biochemical identification to confirm their identities. Socio-demographic factors and clinical information were used to investigate the incidence. Organisms isolated were Escherichia coli, Proteus spp. Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica and Vibrio spp. with incidences of 54.4%, 12.2%, 10%, 5.6%, 5.6%, 3.3%, 3.3%, 3.3% and 2.2 respectively. In relation to =age group, women at 20 years or less had 50% (n=6/12) incidence, 21-25 years 63.3% (n=38/60), 26-30 years 42.9% (30/70), 31-35 years 34.3% (12/35) and 36-40 years 17.4% (4/23). Socio-demographic factors revealed that the sexually inactive educated women with good hygienic status and with repeated infection were found to have loweruropathogenic prevalence than the sexually active uneducated and unhygienic women with first time infection. E. coli had the highest frequency and Vibrio spp. had the least occurrence. The growth of Vibrio spp. and the other unrelated species to urine may be attributed to the improper hygiene of the pregnant women. The age group with highest incidence was 21-25 years. Thismay be due to the fact that women in this group are the most sexually active and might have had many previous pregnancies.","PeriodicalId":292938,"journal":{"name":"BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2536-6041)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125661477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SEQUENCE VARIATIONS AND HAPLOTYPIC DIVERSITY IN THE MYOSTATIN GENE OF NIGERIAN CATTLE BREEDS","authors":"Ishaku L. HARUNA, Ugonna J. EKEGBU","doi":"10.56892/bima.v6i03.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56892/bima.v6i03.50","url":null,"abstract":"The myostatin gene (MSTN) encodes myostatin protein (MSTN), whose function involves regulating muscle growth and development. Using Polymerase Chain Reaction coupled with Single Strand Conformational Polymorphism analysis with nucleotide sequencing, a total of 161 animals from four different breeds and cross breeds of Nigerian cattle were genotyped at the introns 1 and 2 region, as well as exons 1, 2 and 3. Sixteen SNPs were identified, two (c.374- 796C>T and c.374-762C>T) of which are novel and are reported here. The identification of new as well as previously reported genetic variations in MSTN within this species provides more insight into the polymorphic nature of this gene. Thus, providing an important resource forfurther studies around genomic selection and breeding.","PeriodicalId":292938,"journal":{"name":"BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2536-6041)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133411045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DETERMINATION OF THERMAL EFFICIENCY AND COOKING POWER OF PARABOLIC SOLAR CONCENTRATING SYSTEM WITH THERMAL COMPENSATOR FOR DOMESTIC APPLICATIONS","authors":"A. Admin, B. A. B, G. M. M, A. S, Hamza B.S, S. A","doi":"10.56892/bima.v6i03.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56892/bima.v6i03.66","url":null,"abstract":"Energy and the environment have a strong relationship. The production and consumption of energy is one of the biggest causes of environmental damage on earth. Therefore, the rapid increase in the level of CO2 and other greenhouse gases are given out during burning fossil fuel rise or unsteady of fuel prices are the main purposes led to a search to more effectively utilize a different sources of renewable energy. To reduce the consequences of greenhouse gases emitted by burning fuel for energy, which course depletion of the ozone layer and global warming. Therefore, the use of solar radiation directly as a source of energy has proved in the past to be less economical and affordable. The paper was aimed at determination of the performance of a parabolic solar concentrating system with a thermal compensator for domestic applications using thermal efficiency and cooking power. The parabolic dish solar collector (PDSC) with a focal point of 6.15 m, aperture area of 5.8 m2 and rim angle (φo) of 45O was designed and constructed for the determination of the variables. The PDSC was made of stainless steel reflector sheet in such a way that both the manufacturing and assembly method do not require complicated skilled techniques and cost. Since the PDSC is for high temperature steam generation, hot water and cooking application. A finite element stress test analysis was conducted to determine the thermal efficiency and cooking power of the system under various weather conditions. A simple manual solar tracking mechanism was employed, and the results of the system performance were also reported. The efficiency according to thefinding depends on the optical properties of the materials involved, the geometry of the collector, and the various imperfections arising from the construction of the collector. The thermal efficiency and cooking power of the system were determined and obtained to be 54.4% and 543.1W respectively.","PeriodicalId":292938,"journal":{"name":"BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2536-6041)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126599541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OCCURRENCE, GEOCHEMISTRY AND INDUSTRIAL QUALITY OF NAFADA GYPSYM DEPOSIT, NORTHEASTERN NIGERIA","authors":"Tabale R.P, N. E. E, O. A., A. Y.","doi":"10.56892/bima.v6i03.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56892/bima.v6i03.69","url":null,"abstract":"Three varieties of gypsum deposits occur in numerous locations within the Senonian Fika Shale in Nafada area, northeastern Nigeria. Geological investigations at Gonja, Warum, Ganko, Shole, Sudingo, Gadi, Mada and Papa mines show the occurrence of the three varieties namely: Satinspar, Selenite and Alabaster. These gypsum deposits occur within the gypsiferous Fika Shale with thicknesses within the span of 1 to 6 cm and depth of 0.2 to 15 meters. The gypsum are hosted within veins sometimes criss - crossing in some locations, pores and fractures inter layered within the fissile Fika Shale intercalated with mud. Analyses of seventeen fresh gypsum samples by X-ray spectrophotometer technique indicate mean average compositions of 93.06,92.59 and 93.60 wt % of CaSO4.2H2O; 2.04, 2.32 and 1.80 wt % SiO2; 0.38, 0.40, and 0.70 wt % of Fe2O3+AL2O3; 0.36, 0.34 and 0.11 wt % of MgO; 0.13, 0.14 and 0.13 wt of Alkalis (Na2O +K2O) and purity of 96.43, 96.48 and 96.42 for Satinspar, Selenite and Alabaster respectively. These chemical data indicate high grade of gypsum which may be suitable in: cement, ammonium sulphate fertilizer, pharmaceutical, ceramics/pottery, cosmetics, soil amendment, building, chemical, paints and textile industries.","PeriodicalId":292938,"journal":{"name":"BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2536-6041)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125325505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF KAOLIN CLAY DEPOSITS IN GOMBE STATE AS ADDITIVE FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS","authors":"Tijjani Abdullahi, Magaji UMAR IBRAHIM, Umar FARUK ABBAS, H. Abubakar","doi":"10.56892/bima.v6i03.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56892/bima.v6i03.68","url":null,"abstract":"The geological origin and geographical formation of kaolin coupled with the processing method influences some physical and chemical properties of the kaolin, which invariably affect its industrial application capabilities. In this study, raw kaolin clay at different point from four identified deposits around Gombe state were excavated and collected for assessment. The samples were characterized using the X-ray diffractometer (XRD) to determine the mineralogical peaks and the crystalline phases in each of the specimen. After which, the chemical composition of the samples was quantified using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) test. Firing of all specimens was conducted at varied firing temperatures of 900°C, 1000°C, 1100°C and 1200°C at the heating rate of 2.5°C/min. The result of the mineralogical analysis revealed that all the studied samples are alumino-silicate clays and were categorized under chemical classification group of 60-70% of SiO2, 23-33% of Al2O3, and 6-10% of impurities, suitable for use as low duty refractories and fire bricks in accordance with ASTM C27-98 standard.","PeriodicalId":292938,"journal":{"name":"BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2536-6041)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134108252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE TERTIARY KERRI – KERRI FORMATION IN THE GONGOLA SUB-BASIN, NORTHERN BENUE TROUGH: PEBBLES MORPHOMETRIC AND GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS APPROACH","authors":"U. Abubakar, S. Musa, R. P. Tabale, N. Yelwa, J. U. Ikechukwu, A. Usman, M. Usman, M. B. Abubakar, A. Sulaiman, A. Olasehinde, A. Yusuf, S. Mukkafa, A. Bello","doi":"10.56892/bima.v6i03.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56892/bima.v6i03.65","url":null,"abstract":"Pebbles have been reported in the Sandstones units of the Kerri - Kerri Formation, but their application as a tool for interpreting the depositional environment is limited. In this context, 510 quartz pebbles and 16 sandstone samples were collected for pebble morphometric and grain size analyses in order to assess the depositional environment of the formation. For the pebble morphometric study, the long (L), intermediate (I), and short (C) axes of each pebble were measured. For each pebble, four geometrical parameters related to depositional environmental studies were computed, these are: Maximum Projection Sphericity, Oblate Prolate Index, Coefficient of Flatness, and Disk - Road - Index. The standard sieving method was used to sieve the sandstone samples. Mean grain size (Mz), sorting (I), skewness (SKI), and kurtosis (KG) were determined as statistical parameters of the grain size. The mean value of the computed pebble shape parameters for the pebbles of the Kerri – Kerri Formation indicates that the pebbles were deposited in a fluvial environment. Based on the grain size analysis, the sediments were deposited by fluvial action with moderate to low energy of deposition setting closer to the source of the sediments. The bivariate plots show that all the pebbles and sandstone samples lie clearlywithin the river field, which suggests fluvial origin","PeriodicalId":292938,"journal":{"name":"BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2536-6041)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123953765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TAXONOMY, DISTRIBUTION AND DIVERSITY OF PLANKTONIC ALGAE AT PINDIGA DAM, NIGERIA","authors":"Daniel A. ZHIGILA, Ummulkhursum B. HUSSAINI, Nuru ADAMU GARKUWA","doi":"10.56892/bima.v6i03.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56892/bima.v6i03.46","url":null,"abstract":"Taxonomic identification of algae at both generic and species levels is problematic owing to several reasons including cells’ fragility, sensitivity to chemical fixatives and inconspicuous morphological features. The planktonic algae in tropical African dams have been particularlyproblematic given the paucity of algal taxonomic experts in this region. In this study, we presentfor the first time the taxonomic and geographic appraisal of planktonic Algae at Pindiga Dam. Further, planktonic algal flora and its monthly variations at the Pindiga Dam were investigated. The study revealed a total of 35 genera. Species in the family Chlorophyceae were the most abundant (42%), followed by those in the families Bacillariophyceae (38%) and Charophyceae(25%). Other taxonomic groups present were Chryophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Cynophyceae and Euglenophyta (7%) each. Trachelomonas, Tetrahedrom and Pleurozester were the most abundant taxa. The Important Value Index (IVI) and species diversity of algae are dependent on the sampling month. For instance, Trachelomonas recorded the highest IVI (23.67) and thelowest was recorded by Cryptomonas (8.18) in April, but it was observed that in May; Tetrahedrom recorded the highest IVI (22.57) and the lowest was recorded by Zygnema (9.38). In June, another set of taxa recorded the highest and the Lowest IVI namely: Pleurogaster, Crucigenia (17.63) and Netrium, Oedogenium (8.93) each. The composition of planktonic algae families in Pindiga Dam could be said to be Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, and Cyanophyceae in order of the IVI. The Simpson’s index of diversity of planktonic algae at Pindiga Dam was 0.94542, 0.94708 and 0.95364 in April, May and June respectively. The species richness in April was 1.97, in May was 1.92 and in June was 2.10. The values were high indicating a more complex plankton community with a good measure of abundance and diversity. This study has provided baseline information on the taxonomy, distribution and diversity of planktonic algae in Pindiga Dam. This knowledge is useful to groups involved in water utilities; irrigation and drainage districts, industries, private pond owners, fish farmers and aqua culturist.","PeriodicalId":292938,"journal":{"name":"BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2536-6041)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125100757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}