Volcanoes - Geological and Geophysical Setting, Theoretical Aspects and Numerical Modeling, Applications to Industry and Their Impact on the Human Health最新文献

筛选

英文中文

Finite Element Models of Elastic Volcano Deformation 弹性火山变形的有限元模型

Volcanoes - Geological and Geophysical Setting, Theoretical Aspects and Numerical Modeling, Applications to Industry and Their Impact on the Human Health Pub Date : 2017-12-20 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.71156

T. Masterlark, S. Tung

{"title":"Finite Element Models of Elastic Volcano Deformation","authors":"T. Masterlark, S. Tung","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.71156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.71156","url":null,"abstract":"The migration of magma within a volcano produces a deformation signature at the Earth’s surface. Inverse models of geodetic data estimate parameters that characterize the magma migration. These characterizations are tied to the specific model that relates migration to the observed deformation. A model is a simplified representation of a natural system. A modeler is tasked with the challenge of designing a model that represents the system, in the context of the available data and purpose of the model. This chapter presents a systematic approach to quantitatively simulate geodetic data with finite element models (FEMs) in the framework of a deformation modeling protocol. This chapter will (1) address the design and execution of FEMs that can account for the geophysical complexity of a volcano deformational system and (2) define techniques for including FEMs in both linear and nonlinear inverse methods to characterize a magmatic system based on observed geodetic data. With these techniques, researchers can estimate magmatic migration within active volcanoes and understand how uncertainties in the data propagate into predictions. These estimates comprise some measure of central tendency, a sense of uncertainty, and a quantification of biases.","PeriodicalId":292286,"journal":{"name":"Volcanoes - Geological and Geophysical Setting, Theoretical Aspects and Numerical Modeling, Applications to Industry and Their Impact on the Human Health","volume":"294 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125752796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Mechanics of Magma Chamber with the Implication of the Effect of CO2 Fluxing 岩浆房力学与CO2熔炼效应的含义

G. Alexander, Ghassemi Ahmad

{"title":"Mechanics of Magma Chamber with the Implication of the Effect of CO2 Fluxing","authors":"G. Alexander, Ghassemi Ahmad","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.71655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.71655","url":null,"abstract":"As the magma ascends from its depth of generation to the surface, it is often stored in a series of chambers along the way. The rheological contrast between the viscous magma in the magmatic chambers and the surrounding rocks disturbed the stress field which can give rise to various modes of rock failure at magmatic pressures less than the lithostatic stress, leading to an eruption. Different modes of mechanical failure of the chamber walls are considered depending on the geometry and the sign the relative pressure. Relaxation of viscous stress around magmatic chambers, which is important on the time scale of weeks to months is considered in the analysis of stability with application to both large and extra-large magmatic chambers such as Yellowstone. The effects of a strong deep CO2 flux in Yellowstone are considered in detail. The analysis shows that variations in the flow rate around the observed mean value of 40 kg/m2/yr in the hydrothermally active areas can change the composition of the magma for several hundred thousand years, and cause periodic uplift and subsidence of the caldera surface with a period of several decades.","PeriodicalId":292286,"journal":{"name":"Volcanoes - Geological and Geophysical Setting, Theoretical Aspects and Numerical Modeling, Applications to Industry and Their Impact on the Human Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131497337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

首页上一页