City History, Culture, Society最新文献

Gained in Translation. Postmodern Architecture in Late Soviet Lithuania 在翻译中获得。苏联后期立陶宛的后现代主义建筑

City History, Culture, Society Pub Date : 2022-07-31 DOI: 10.15407/mics2022.01.252

Martynas Mankus

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Context and continuity. Shifting paradigms in East German urban planning and architecture in the city of Halle (Saale) 背景和连续性。哈勒(萨勒)市东德城市规划和建筑模式的转变

City History, Culture, Society Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.15407/mics2022.01.352

Kirsten Angermann

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Centre E Estate in Krakow’s Nowa Huta. The postmodern experiment in the heart of the Stalin era symbol 克拉科夫新胡塔的Centre E Estate。斯大林时代象征中心的后现代实验

City History, Culture, Society Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.15407/mics2022.01.308

M. Wiśniewski

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The Language of Mass Architectural Postmodernity 大众建筑的后现代语言

City History, Culture, Society Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.15407/mics2022.01.214

Dimitrij Zadorin

{"title":"The Language of Mass Architectural Postmodernity","authors":"Dimitrij Zadorin","doi":"10.15407/mics2022.01.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mics2022.01.214","url":null,"abstract":"Setting itself off against the architecture of the capitalist West, allegedly tangled in styles, Soviet architecture claimed its origins in the social realm. If one is to trace the intrinsic nature of changes in the architecture of the 1980s in the USSR, it is to be done not through the borrowed concept of postmodernism, but through the analysis of the developments in the design of its most social manifestation—mass housing. So far, Soviet architecture has primarily been whittled down to the evolution of styles. A more advanced reading focuses on the shift from Socialist Realism to the complex design of the human habitat following Khrushchev’s reforms in construction. However, even this transformation took place within the framework of building systematization, represented by the all-Union system of naming for standard architecture, or the Nomenclature. The system, implemented since 1947, assigned indexes to type designs of all building types; within it, every type design was allocated its specific position. The Nomenclature could thus describe the whole human habitat. In the mid-1980s, the naming system made further steps to meet the growing diversification of type designs by assigning new indexes which were longer and codified more parameters, undermining vested geographical and temporal hierarchies. The diversity was treated as a quantitative problem, which the Nomenclature successfully solved. It proved flexible enough to consistently ascribe an index to any—not necessarily type—design. Although mass housing disappeared from the architectural discourse during perestroika, standardized architecture enjoyed the most fruitful and systematic time in its history. So all-encompassing and everlasting, the Nomenclature nevertheless collapsed with the fall of the Soviet Union. The centralization of design proved its most fundamental precondition, which in the post-Soviet world was impossible to retain.","PeriodicalId":287528,"journal":{"name":"City History, Culture, Society","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121310336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Старе місто в Ельблонгу: постмодерна історична пам’ятка

City History, Culture, Society Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.15407/mics2022.01.334

Урбан Флоріан

{"title":"Старе місто в Ельблонгу: постмодерна історична пам’ятка","authors":"Урбан Флоріан","doi":"10.15407/mics2022.01.334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mics2022.01.334","url":null,"abstract":"Знамените історичне Старе місто в Ельблонгу, місті на півночі Польщі, під час Другої світової війни було повністю зруйновано. Декілька повоєнних десятиліть воно стояло занедбане, а з 1979 року почалася його відбудова з нуля у постмодерному стилі. Заохочувала зведення нових яскравих будівель за історичними мотивами місцева головна уповноважена зі збереження пам’яток Марія Любоцька-Гоффманн, фінансування ж надходило з ринкової економіки, яка тоді відроджувалася в Польщі. Оскільки відбудова відбувалася на тлі пристосування міжнародного тренду до відновлення старого міста, то джерела архітектури цих нових будівель були дещо іншими, ніж на Заході. Вони брали початок із розширеної концепції збереження історичних пам’яток, а на меті мали узгодити суперечливі прагнення. А саме: контроверсійне минуле міста, яке до 1945 року було німецьким, — із прагненням до місцевої ідентичності та відчутної історичності попри історичний розбрат; а також встановлення традиційних принципів містобудування, таких як невеликий масштаб та змішане використання, — у сучасному середовищі","PeriodicalId":287528,"journal":{"name":"City History, Culture, Society","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128368621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Researching the 1980s competitions in Kyiv – preconditions of the After Socialist Modernism 研究20世纪80年代基辅的比赛——后社会主义现代主义的前提

City History, Culture, Society Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.15407/mics2022.01.110

O. Anisimov

{"title":"Researching the 1980s competitions in Kyiv – preconditions of the After Socialist Modernism","authors":"O. Anisimov","doi":"10.15407/mics2022.01.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mics2022.01.110","url":null,"abstract":"The 1980s recently became a contested period in the architectural and urban planning history of Eastern Europe and the FSU countries. Situated within the Socialist Modernism timeframe, it at the same time forms a link to the manifold political and economic change happening in 19891991. While professionals posed radical questions about the core issues of the Socialist socio-spatial development and acquired new sensibilities towards history and locality, their influence on decision-making often remained seriously restrained by the construction industry.In Kyiv as well as in most of the big cities of the USSR, however, a change in the approach towards areas in the city center was visible – competitions, discussions, and iterative design were becoming a new norm for the architects and planners. In this paper, three projects on the block scale are reviewed in detail. These chosen competition projects became the watershed between modernist and after-modernist approaches to planning, showcasing new contextualized spatial solutions. What standards had been formed and what were the long-term impacts on the planning processes are the issues given the first attempt to answer. The intention of this paper is to gain a better understanding of the recent past towards intensifying the discourse about the sources of the present of urban development in Kyiv and beyond.","PeriodicalId":287528,"journal":{"name":"City History, Culture, Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129711164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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From Frame to Environment: Discussing the Development of Lviv during the 1980s 从框架到环境:论20世纪80年代利沃夫的发展

City History, Culture, Society Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.15407/mics2022.01.198

Natalia Otrishchenko

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Introduction: Situating the Socialist Postmodern 导论:社会主义后现代语境

City History, Culture, Society Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.15407/mics2022.01.019

Svitlana Shlipchenko

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A Ugandan Architect on his Studies in Soviet Kyiv: Lessons of Equality, Environment, Race, and Friendship 一位乌干达建筑师谈他在苏联基辅的学习:平等、环境、种族和友谊的教训

City History, Culture, Society Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.15407/mics2022.01.371

Łukasz Stanek, O. Anisimov

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4 Blocks in Podil: Kyiv’s Response to the Crisis of Modernist Planning Podil的4个街区:基辅对现代主义规划危机的回应

City History, Culture, Society Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.15407/mics2022.01.276

Shlipchenko Shlipchenko, O. Anisimov

{"title":"4 Blocks in Podil: Kyiv’s Response to the Crisis of Modernist Planning","authors":"Shlipchenko Shlipchenko, O. Anisimov","doi":"10.15407/mics2022.01.276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mics2022.01.276","url":null,"abstract":"In the Ukrainian Socialist Republic, as in many other countries of the Soviet bloc, most of construction in the late 1950’s and onwards up to the late 1980’s was primarily associated with functional zoning, mass housing, standardized prefabricated elements, microrayons, stiff typologies and public services organized according to the strict state regulations and building code. The demand for a system change was getting to a crucial point: architects felt they were losing social standing and voicing, while residents were raising their voices against the monotony of the ‘sleeping districts’. \u0000A challenging answer came from the group of young Ukrainian architects who gained momentum and entered the competition for the redevelopment of two sites within the Podil (Kyiv’s historic district) in the late 1970s. Building on local contexts, human scale and materialities, they developed a highly unconventional project that stood out of the ubiquitous design practices. Inspired by ‘brick architecture’, they designed four residential blocks using brick as the material both cheap and flexible. \u0000Analyzing official/popular narratives and representations (e.g. media, interviews, discussions, projects, competition entries etc.), the paper seeks to address the following questions: What were the ways/instruments of ‘producing locality’ and how it refers to postmodernism? Which ‘architectural principles of postmodernism’ could be traced in the 4Blocks design? Was it a pm manifest, a ‘conscious reaction’ to the overall crisis of modernist ideology, or the project was a product of ‘discursive formation’/cf. Foucault/, a case of surmodernité involontaire?","PeriodicalId":287528,"journal":{"name":"City History, Culture, Society","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127141072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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