The Journal of Developing Areas最新文献

{"title":"Oil Boom, Manufacturing Sub-Sectors and Dutch Disease in Selected Oil-Rich Countries","authors":"Marwan Alssadek, J. Benhin","doi":"10.1353/jda.2022.0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2022.0054","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:It is widely accepted that oil booms induce wealth effects that cause appreciation of the domestic currency, which harms the competitive manufacturing sector exports. This has been named the \"Dutch disease\" and has been examined in many studies; however, very limited attention has been paid to the impact of Dutch disease on manufacturing sub-sectors. This paper examines the impact of an oil boom on manufacturing sub-sectors in oil-rich developed and developing countries. It assesses the oil boom effect on medium-high technology exports in a panel data sample of 39 oil-rich countries for the period 1990–2015. It also investigates the effect of an oil boom on high-technology exports in a panel data sample of 31 oil-rich countries for the period 1990–2016. We employ the panel data fixed effect with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors approach to tackle several panel data problems that are normally present in such analyses: heteroscedasticity, serial correlation, and cross-sectional dependence. Using real oil revenue and oil production as a proxy for the oil boom, the results of the study show that an oil boom significantly reduces medium-high technology exports and high-technology exports at the global level of oil-rich developed and developing countries. These results confirm the presence of the resource movement effect of the Dutch disease, which hinders economic growth and development. When the full sample is split into regional groupings, these results are observed in Middle Eastern and African countries, Asian and Pacific countries, and European and North American countries, suggesting that these countries are also affected by the Dutch disease. However, Latin American countries produce opposite results. An oil boom significantly increases both medium-high- and high-technology exports, contradicting the Dutch disease argument. The results of this study suggest that policy makers in countries experiencing the Dutch disease problem should improve institutional quality, develop human capital, promote economic diversification, and enhance investment in manufacturing sub-sectors. They should also minimize the appreciation of the real exchange rate, attract FDI in the manufacturing sector, and reduce the cost of doing business. This will help them to utilize oil wealth more effectively and efficiently, enhancing economic growth and development, therefore avoiding the Dutch disease problem.","PeriodicalId":286315,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Developing Areas","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129454650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adoption of New Wheat Crop Varieties in India: Status, Determinants, and Impacts","authors":"Sunil Saroj, Anjani Kumar, P. Joshi","doi":"10.1353/jda.2022.0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2022.0053","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Improved technologies and agricultural innovation are the key drivers of growth in the agricultural sector. Despite such acclaimed progress, sustaining the productivity of wheat—which remains the staple food of large sections of the Indian population—depends on the continuous release and efficacious diffusion of improved varieties that are resistant to different biotic and abiotic stresses. It is useful to understand the process of wheat-variety adoption and how this differs by target population. Our dataset comprises 9,468 farmers across 100 districts in 7 major wheat-growing Indian states. The seven states are Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh. We selected districts randomly, based on five dominant crops in each state. For all five major crops, we obtained detailed information on farmers' characteristics, variety details, and seed information. Our analysis is based on plot- and variety-level observation instead of farm-level observation. We used propensity score matching and endogenous switching regression methods to take care of selection bias and endogeneity issues. This paper aimed to identify the driving forces behind a household's decision to adopt newer varieties of wheat, and to examine the implications of this decision on wheat yield. The analysis of the determinants of adoption of new varieties reveals that the significant factors influencing a farmer's decision to adopt new wheat varieties are land size, education, source of information, source of seeds, outlets of output sale, and variety attributes. We find that adoption of new varieties has a positive and significant impact on yield and that the result is robust to various model specifications; however, we also find evidence of inter- and intra-regional variations in adoption patterns. This study is useful to research organizations in their development of appropriate research programs and projects to promote adoption of newer varieties. The study points to the critical need for the formulation of strategic policies that can cater to the states and regions of India that have lagged in the adoption of new wheat varieties.","PeriodicalId":286315,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Developing Areas","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123945518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Access to the Government Services and Improving Rural Life Through Union Digital Centres in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"M. Hasan, Md. Nazmul Alom Tipu","doi":"10.1353/jda.2022.0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2022.0048","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Union Digital Center (UDC) is an institutional set-up of the Government of Bangladesh–with the technical assistance of United Nations Development Program (UNDP)–across the country ushered in a new prospect and hope for helping the rural community to develop their life and livelihoods through one stop services by digital gateway. The purpose of the study is to reveal how UDCs influence to ease rural life through digital services provided by UDC in rural communities. Using a cross-sectional study design with mixed-method approach, we have collected responses from 311 service receivers through questionnaire survey. Analyzing the data collected from 12 UDCs in 6 districts of different geographical locations we found that citizens mostly come at UDCs for getting birth registration (18.2%) and citizenship certificate (18.3%). As a part of statistical analysis this study used frequency distribution and measure of central tendency to figure out the users' perceptions about UDCs' services. Empirical analysis discloses that in most cases users 'agree' or 'moderately agree' UDC is more effective for changing rural life in terms of quality services (63% agreed), access to services and training on ICT skills (37.7% agreed), access to information and services, improving socio economic status by accessing and using information and services (55.9% agreed), reduces the level of gap for service delivery between citizens and government (53.7% agreed), helps to receive services in low cost for rural peoples (47.3% agreed), services are available in less time (49.2% agreed)e and overall reduction of digital gap (47.3% agreed). In fact, the study found obvious outcomes of UDCs in improving the rural life in accessing the government services that led them standard life too. Though, there are a few loopholes in terms of service delivery, commitment and resilient service delivery in each stakeholder involved in the whole process . The study recommends bridging the gap between the services promised and services offered. Hence, it is necessary to have efficient collaboration of the e-service components i.e. the service provider, the channels of service delivery, and the service receiver. Specifically, the government should provide all physical support; training to the entrepreneurs and awareness among beneficiaries.","PeriodicalId":286315,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Developing Areas","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122132681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covid-19 in India: Reflections from Behavioral Economics","authors":"Dinamani Biswal, Monalisa Singh, C. Bahinipati","doi":"10.1353/jda.2022.0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2022.0059","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Although both central and state governments in India took the decisions to impose hard paternalistic policies of lockdown/shutdown to manage the spread of COVID-19, new cases were rising even after the first and second waves. Reverse migration, lack of social distancing, and failure to adhere to appropriate covid behavior are attributed as the leading cause of COVID-19 spread. The policy measures like 'Pradhan Mantri Gareeb Kalyan Yojana,' financial assistance, and series of lockdowns and shutdowns by the government of India have not significantly controlledthe spread of disease owing to a lack of understanding of individual's reaction to the pandemic and their reactive behavior. This paper used daily COVID-19 positive cases data to show the overall picture of COVID-19 in India. It used the explorative method to review articles related to behavioral biases involved in the decision-making process of migrant workers and individuals during the pandemic. The paper's findings show that different behavioral biases like base rate neglect, herd behavior, anchoring effect, availability bias are responsible for creating chaos, trauma, and anxiety among the migrant workers and leading to reverse migration in India. Despite knowing that COVID-19 is a fatal disease, some individuals' reaction to it was casual mainly because of hyperbolic discounting bias, optimism bias, overconfidence bias, confirmation bias, status quo bias, and loss aversion. Taking behavioral economics lessons, the paper suggests different nudging techniques for guiding people to maintain social distancing during this pandemic. Nudging has been proved to be an inexpensive tool in bringing desired behavioral changes in health economics. The paper concludes that nudging techniques can influence human behavior to control the spread of the disease. In the end, it gives direction for future work in this area to explore how behavioral economics can help policymakers to tackle the spread of infectious diseases such as COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":286315,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Developing Areas","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121914025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Audit Services and Audit Quality: Recent Evidence from Australia","authors":"Ashkan Mirzay Fashami","doi":"10.1353/jda.2022.0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2022.0058","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Most prior studies on non-audit services (NAS) and audit quality in Australia predated the Corporate Law Economic Reform Program Act 2004 (CLERP 9). Australia enacted CLERP 9 to improve corporate governance through the improvement of transparency, accountability, and rights of shareholders. No regulatory changes after CLERP 9 exist that can directly affect the relationship between NAS and audit quality in Australia. Hence, this study examines the effects of NAS on audit quality in Australia. Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) Listing Rules mandate ASX 300 companies to establish an audit committee and provide a summary of their audit committee charters. The Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (AUASB) prepares standards that govern audits under the Australian Corporations Act. The AUASB auditing standards, under the Legislative Instruments Act 2003, took effect from July 2006. Therefore, this study examines NAS data of ASX 300 companies from 2006 to 2016-10 years-to obtain sufficient data. This study has recourse to other databases such as Connect 4, Morningstar, and the companies' annual reports to gather other relevant data. Three widely accepted measures of audit quality are used, namely going-concern audit opinions, Big Four auditors, and discretionary accruals, to measure the effects of NAS on audit quality. This study excludes initial audit engagements to alleviate the effects of the timing of auditor switches on fees. This research results suggest that NAS do not impair (or even improve) audit quality. This study contributes to the current debate regarding the relationship between NAS and audit quality. Our findings are important to regulators and standard setters, such as the AUASB. Findings inform these bodies that the current regulatory environment safeguards audit quality in Australia. Thus, proposals to ban NAS are not necessary, because NAS do not deteriorate audit quality. Further, this study supports the knowledge spillover hypothesis: it shows that economic and social bonding of NAS does not encourage auditors to sacrifice their independence and reduce their audit quality. Thus, this study suggests that audit firms should continue to provide NAS to their audit clients in Australia. Future research could extend this study by analyzing the effects of different types of NAS on audit quality.","PeriodicalId":286315,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Developing Areas","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123223732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Recovery Post Covid-19: Centralised vs Decentralised Lockdown","authors":"Bappaditya Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1353/jda.2022.0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2022.0046","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:To arrest the spread of COVID-19, most countries have imposed some form of lockdown to ensure social distancing. For India, a complete was imposed by the Central Government over four phases and over two months (April-June, 2020). While the effectiveness of such a stringent measure is yet to be established, some estimates of the economic distress owing to lockdown are available and it projects a substantial drop in GDP as well as State Domestic Products. It is therefore important for India to plan the unlock down phase well. Unfortunately, with the possibility of may more pandemic related disruptions that are likely to happen in the future, both lock down as well as removal of lockdown becomes a key determinant for both controlling the spread of pandemics as well as revive the economy. In this paper, we develop a theoretical framework to address how un lockdown must be planned and discuss the respective roles of the States as well as the Centre. The model is set against the backdrop where a large part of the migrant labor has also been forced to return to their home States. In our model, the Centre as well as the States maximize the Expected Economic output while planning un lockdown. The probability of COVID spread is modeled using simple Epidemiological probability function. We find that a centralized lockdown would mean lower lockdown levels for the labor receiving state compared to the case when such decisions were decentralized and a higher lockdown level for the labor sending state as compared to the case when such decisions were decentralized. We recommend that the role of the Centre in easing of lockdown must be limited to two things. One, support the States with more investments in health infrastructure that will help them reduce lockdown intensities. Two, compensate the expected shortfall in wage income through a Direct Benefit Transfer to the labor in the two States. Our model can be used to implement unlock down phases should a contingency in the future arise.","PeriodicalId":286315,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Developing Areas","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133272460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corruption and Growth in Developing Countries: Does Self-Employment Matter?","authors":"Sridevi Yerrabati","doi":"10.1353/jda.2022.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2022.0047","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:In developing countries where self-employment is a survival strategy forced on the poor due to their precarious circumstances, corruption and economic growth (growth) relationship cannot work in isolation. Insufficient earnings from self-employment can make people vulnerable to engage in corruption, or they might be victimized by it. The study aims to examine the impact of self-employment on corruption and growth relationship. A sample of 79 developing countries covering 2013-2018 is used. The empirical analysis is done using the two-step system GMM estimation technique. Self-employment is measured in male self-employment, female self-employment, and total self-employment. Following the comparability issues with the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) from Transparency International (TI) prior to 2012, the study employed CPI data after 2012. Further, the study has used marginal effects to provide substantially meaningful information on the impact of corruption on growth at varying levels of self-employment. Prima facie, evidence suggests that self-employment plays a vital role in moderating the effects of corruption on growth. This is because the effects of corruption on growth are not static, and they vary based on the levels of self-employment. In the case of all three forms of self-employment, i.e., male, female, and total, corruption and growth are negatively related at one standard deviation above the mean on self-employment levels. The negative relationship is less pronounced at the mean. Corruption and growth are positively related at one standard deviation below the mean. Substantively, these results imply that corruption decelerates growth when more individuals are self-employed. When fewer individuals are self-employed, corruption accelerates growth. These findings are robust to several sensitivity checks. As the effect of corruption on growth is found to vary based on the levels of self-employment, any anti-corruption policy that does not take on board the levels of self-employment might prove to be ineffective. Therefore, any policy intervention to mitigate the effects of corruption on the growth of developing countries should consider the levels of self-employment. Policies to foster self-employed and strengthen their skills to help them find better-earning jobs are a way forward.","PeriodicalId":286315,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Developing Areas","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124107846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Empirical Assessment of Rental Markets in Rural Pakistan","authors":"A. E. Tia, B. Deaton, G. Hailu, H. Nazli","doi":"10.1353/jda.2022.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2022.0050","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Ownership and access to land remains a long-standing issue of concern in Pakistan. The unequal land distribution is well documented. Although agriculture employs half of the country's workforce, an estimated 60% of rural households are landless. In this setting rental markets play an important role in facilitating access to land. In this paper, we empirically examine key factors that influence the amount of land rented in. Specifically, we explore the relationship between one's endowment of land and the amount of land rented in. We perform our analysis using the Pakistan Rural Household Panel Survey round 3.5 conducted by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in 2014-2015. The survey covers a wide range of topics including household characteristics, crop production, land management, farm assets, land inheritance and tenure security. Agricultural production activities are recorded for the Rabi season (2013-2014) and the Kharif season 2014. Of the 1027 household observations taken from the Punjab, Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces in Pakistan, the average household's endowment of land is 3.4 acres. Our regression analysis indicates that households with larger endowments of land rent in less land. For an additional acre of land endowment, the amount rented in decreases by 0.32 acres. This number is economically significant given the high proportion of smallholdings and the prevalence of landlessness in Pakistan. Hence, households with smaller initial endowments of farmland rely more heavily on the rental market to achieve scale in food production. Additionally, we provide evidence that household size and asset ownership influence rental patterns. On average, an additional household member would increase the amount of land rented in by 0.12 acres. Tractor ownership also has a positive effect on the amount of land rented in. However, our regression estimates suggest that transaction costs are present in the farmland market thus preventing renters from reaching their optimal farm size. These results are relevant to ongoing efforts to support and enhance agricultural productivity in the region.","PeriodicalId":286315,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Developing Areas","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129772344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capital Inflows and the Real Exchange Rate: Evidence from Emerging Market and Developing Economies","authors":"Kongchheng Poch, C. Gan, Baiding Hu","doi":"10.1353/jda.2022.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2022.0051","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Capital inflows play a crucial role in financing savings-investment gaps, which could result in higher economic growth and better living standards, but capital inflows are associated with the risk of real exchange rate (RER) appreciation. The empirical evidence on the nexus between capital flows and RER is limited and inconclusive. This study empirically investigates the impacts of capital inflows on the RER for a sample of 114 emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs) from 1991-2015. This study's large sample, making it one of the most comprehensive studies, renders us to undertake a more granular analysis on the capital inflows–RER nexus, which has not been conducted in the literature. The study employs the two-step system generalized method of moment technique to estimate dynamic panel data models. The results show that capital inflows exert the RER appreciation impacts in EMDEs. However, the composition of capital inflows matters. When gross capital inflows are analyzed at disaggregated levels, only foreign direct investment (FDI) generates RER appreciation effects while the other forms of capital inflows, including portfolio equity, portfolio debt, and other investment, do not. Further, the absorptive capacity of the capital-recipient economy plays a role in mediating the capital inflows-RER relationship. There is a positive feedback loop between capital inflows and exchange rate flexibility although the evidence is weak. In a more flexible exchange rate regime, capital inflows cause RER to appreciate further. In contrast, the empirical results show substantial evidence that financial development helps dampen the RER appreciation impacts of capital inflows. When a capital-recipient economy possesses a certain threshold of financial sector development, the appreciation impacts of capital inflows are neutralized. The findings have important policy implications. First, although it is generally considered that FDI positively contributes to economic growth in the capital-recipient economy, the FDI movements should be actively monitored and analyzed because the FDI inflows can cause the RER appreciation that could, in turn, reduce export competitiveness. Second, financial sector development should be a policy priority for EMDEs because it plays a crucial role in weakening the RER appreciation effects caused by capital inflows.","PeriodicalId":286315,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Developing Areas","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114575919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a Better Understanding of the Specific Determinants of the Growth of African Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises (SMES)","authors":"Sègbédji Parfait Aïhounhin, Zhan Su","doi":"10.1353/jda.2022.0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2022.0055","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Lack of knowledge of the new emerging determinants of African markets hinders the adaptive capacities of manufacturing SMEs operating there. The objective of this research is therefore to identify, conceptualize, and analyze these new determinants that are often overlooked in studies on the growth of manufacturing SMEs in Africa. Factors assessed include corporate growth (net income after taxes), corporate social responsibility (donations and sponsorships), investment in research and development, use of external expertise, direct and indirect taxation of companies by the government, and businesses' access to energy. A total of 1,025 small and medium enterprises in the Republic of Benin were assessed over the period 2008-2013. The information was taken from the companies' annual financial reports. Using the random effects panel regression method, this study shows the importance of the factors studied and proposes a contextualized model of analysis. The random effects model shows that variables such as sponsorship, use of external expertise, infrastructure investment (II), and indirect taxes and duties (ITD) are statistically significant across all sectors. In other words, these factors have significant impacts on business growth rates across all sectors. The study also shows the importance of factors such as the use of external expertise, investment in research and development and corporate social responsibility, particularly for medium-sized enterprises. In terms of policy implications, several behavioral and technical skills are connected to the factors identified in the study. For the development of behavioral skills, we can link donations and patronage. ITDs are linked to difficult regulatory environment. Finally, factors such as external expertise by business (UEE), II and investment in research and development (IRD), which are technical capacities on which companies invest heavily to boost their growth, could be connected.","PeriodicalId":286315,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Developing Areas","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116867682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}