Sociological Methods & Research最新文献_第3页

Attendance, Completion, and Heterogeneous Returns to College: A Causal Mediation Approach 出勤率、毕业率和异质性大学回报:一个因果中介方法

Sociological Methods & Research Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/00491241221113876

Xiang Zhou

{"title":"Attendance, Completion, and Heterogeneous Returns to College: A Causal Mediation Approach","authors":"Xiang Zhou","doi":"10.1177/00491241221113876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00491241221113876","url":null,"abstract":"A growing body of social science research investigates whether the economic payoff to a college education is heterogeneous — in particular, whether disadvantaged youth can benefit more from attending and completing college relative to their more advantaged peers. Scholars, however, have employed different analytical strategies and reported mixed findings. To shed light on this literature, I propose a causal mediation approach to conceptualizing, evaluating, and unpacking the causal effects of college on earnings. By decomposing the total effect of attending a four-year college into several direct and indirect components, this approach not only clarifies the mechanisms through which college attendance boosts earnings, but illuminates the ways in which the postsecondary system may be both an equalizer and a stratifier. The total effect of college attendance, its direct and indirect components, and their heterogeneity across different subpopulations are all identified under the assumption of sequential ignorability. I introduce a debiased machine learning (DML) method for estimating all quantities of interest, along with a set of bias formulas for sensitivity analysis. I illustrate the proposed framework and methodology using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 cohort.","PeriodicalId":286027,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methods & Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125552892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Assessing the Impact of the Great Recession on the Transition to Adulthood 评估大衰退对成年期过渡的影响

Sociological Methods & Research Pub Date : 2022-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/00491241221113871

Guanglei Hong, Ha-Joon Chung

引用次数: 0

The Additional Effects of Adaptive Survey Design Beyond Post-Survey Adjustment: An Experimental Evaluation 自适应调查设计在调查后调整之外的附加效应:一项实验评估

Sociological Methods & Research Pub Date : 2022-05-13 DOI: 10.1177/00491241221099550

Shiyu Zhang, J. Wagner

引用次数: 1

Do Quantitative and Qualitative Research Reflect two Distinct Cultures? An Empirical Analysis of 180 Articles Suggests “no” 定量研究和定性研究是否反映了两种不同的文化?对180篇文章的实证分析表明“不”

Sociological Methods & Research Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.1177/00491241221082597

D. Kuehn, I. Rohlfing

{"title":"Do Quantitative and Qualitative Research Reflect two Distinct Cultures? An Empirical Analysis of 180 Articles Suggests “no”","authors":"D. Kuehn, I. Rohlfing","doi":"10.1177/00491241221082597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00491241221082597","url":null,"abstract":"The debate about the characteristics and advantages of quantitative and qualitative methods is decades old. In their seminal monograph, A Tale of Two Cultures (2012 , ATTC), Gary Goertz and James Mahoney argue that methods and research design practices for causal inference can be distinguished as two cultures that systematically differ from each other along 25 specific characteristics. ATTC’s stated goal is a description of empirical patterns in quantitative and qualitative research. Yet, it does not include a systematic empirical evaluation as to whether the 25 are relevant and valid descriptors of applied research. In this paper, we derive five observable implications from ATTC and test the implications against a stratified random sample of 90 qualitative and 90 quantitative articles published in six journals between 1990–2012. Our analysis provides little support for the two-cultures hypothesis. Quantitative methods are largely implemented as described in ATTC, whereas qualitative methods are much more diverse than ATTC suggests. While some practices do indeed conform to the qualitative culture, many others are implemented in a manner that ATTC characterizes as constitutive of the quantitative culture. We find very little evidence for ATTC's anchoring of qualitative research with set-theoretic approaches to empirical social science research. The set-theoretic template only applies to a fraction of the qualitative research that we reviewed, with the majority of qualitative work incorporating different method choices.","PeriodicalId":286027,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methods & Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127178378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Sequential On-Device Multitasking within Online Surveys: A Data Quality and Response Behavior Perspective 在线调查中的顺序设备多任务处理:数据质量和响应行为视角

Sociological Methods & Research Pub Date : 2022-03-07 DOI: 10.1177/00491241221082593

Jean Philippe Décieux

引用次数: 0

Iteration in Mixed-Methods Research Designs Combining Experiments and Fieldwork, 结合实验与实地考察的混合方法研究设计的迭代

Sociological Methods & Research Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1177/00491241221082595

Verónica Pérez Bentancur, Lucía Tiscornia

引用次数: 0

Social Encounters and the Worlds Beyond: Putting Situationalism to Work for Qualitative Interviews 社会接触和超越世界:将情境主义用于定性访谈

Sociological Methods & Research Pub Date : 2022-03-02 DOI: 10.1177/00491241221082609

Anders Vassenden, Marte Mangset

{"title":"Social Encounters and the Worlds Beyond: Putting Situationalism to Work for Qualitative Interviews","authors":"Anders Vassenden, Marte Mangset","doi":"10.1177/00491241221082609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00491241221082609","url":null,"abstract":"In Goffman's terms, qualitative interviews are social encounters with their own realities. Hence, the ‘situational critique’ holds that interviews cannot produce knowledge about the world beyond these encounters, and that other methods, ethnography in particular, render lived life more accurately. The situational critique cannot be dismissed; yet interviewing remains an indispensable sociological tool. This paper demonstrates the value that situationalism holds for interviewing. We examine seemingly contradictory findings from interview studies of middle-class identity (cultural hierarchies and/or egalitarianism?). We then render these contradictions comprehensible by interpreting data excerpts through ‘methodological situationalism’: Goffman's theories of interaction order, ritual, and frontstage/backstage. In ‘situationalist interviewing,’ we suggest that sociologists be attentive to the ‘imagined audiences’ and ‘imagined communities’. These are key to identifying the situations, interaction orders, and cultural repertoires that lie beyond the interview encounter, but to which it refers. In sum, we argue for greater situational awareness among sociologists who must rely on interviews. We also discuss techniques and measures that can facilitate situational awareness. A promise of situational interviewing is that it helps us make sense of contradictions, ambiguities, and disagreements within and between interviews.","PeriodicalId":286027,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methods & Research","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122917996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving estimates accuracy of voter transitions. Two new algorithms for ecological inference based on linear programming 提高选民过渡估计的准确性。基于线性规划的两种新的生态推理算法

Sociological Methods & Research Pub Date : 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.31124/advance.14716638.v1

J. Pavía, Rafael Romero

{"title":"Improving estimates accuracy of voter transitions. Two new algorithms for ecological inference based on linear programming","authors":"J. Pavía, Rafael Romero","doi":"10.31124/advance.14716638.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31124/advance.14716638.v1","url":null,"abstract":"The\u0000estimation of RxC ecological inference contingency tables from aggregate data\u0000defines one of the most salient and challenging problems in the field of quantitative\u0000social sciences. From\u0000the mathematical programming framework, this paper suggests a new direction for\u0000tackling this problem. For the first time in the literature, a procedure based\u0000on linear programming is proposed to attain estimates of local contingency\u0000tables. Based on this and the homogeneity hypothesis, we suggest two new\u0000ecological inference algorithms. These two new algorithms represent an\u0000important step forward in the ecological inference mathematical programming\u0000literature. In addition to generating estimates for local ecological inference\u0000contingency tables and amending the tendency to produce extreme transfer\u0000probability estimates previously observed in other mathematical programming\u0000procedures, they prove to be quite competitive and more accurate than the current\u0000linear programming baseline algorithm. The new algorithms place the linear\u0000programming approach once again in a prominent position in the ecological\u0000inference toolkit. We use a unique dataset with almost 500 elections, where the\u0000real transfer matrices are known, to assess their accuracy. Interested readers\u0000can easily use these new algorithms with the aid of the R package lphom.","PeriodicalId":286027,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methods & Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127063309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Image Clustering: An Unsupervised Approach to Categorize Visual Data in Social Science Research 图像聚类:社会科学研究中视觉数据分类的一种无监督方法

Sociological Methods & Research Pub Date : 2021-05-29 DOI: 10.31235/osf.io/mw57x

Han Zhang, Yilang Peng

引用次数: 10

Measuring Class Hierarchies in Postindustrial Societies: A criterion and construct validation of EGP and ESEC across 31 countries 衡量后工业社会的阶级等级:31个国家的EGP和ESEC的标准和结构验证

Sociological Methods & Research Pub Date : 2021-05-29 DOI: 10.31235/osf.io/gwt8b

Oscar Smallenbroek, Forian R. Hertel, C. Barone

{"title":"Measuring Class Hierarchies in Postindustrial Societies: A criterion and construct validation of EGP and ESEC across 31 countries","authors":"Oscar Smallenbroek, Forian R. Hertel, C. Barone","doi":"10.31235/osf.io/gwt8b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/gwt8b","url":null,"abstract":"In social stratification research, the most frequently used social class schema are based on employment relations (EGP and ESEC). These schemes have been propelled to paradigms for research on social mobility and educational inequalities and applied in cross-national research for both genders. Using the European Working Conditions Survey, we examine their criterion and construct validity across 31 countries and for both genders. We investigate whether classes are well-delineated by the theoretically assumed dimensions of employment relations and we assess how several measures of occupational advantage differ across classes. We find broad similarity in the criterion validity of EGP and ESEC across genders and countries as well as satisfactory levels of construct validity. However, the salariat classes are too heterogeneous and their boundaries with the intermediate classes are blurred. To improve the measurement of social class, we propose to differentiate managerial and professional occupations within the lower and higher salariat respectively. We show that implementing these distinctions in ESEC and EGP improves their criterion validity and allows to better identify privileged positions.","PeriodicalId":286027,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methods & Research","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132044691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Sociological Methods &amp; Research最新文献

Sociological Methods & Research最新文献