Min Zhang, Ran Zhang, M. Jin, Zhibing Li, Rui Zhang, Bin Lyu, Tao Wen
{"title":"Study on Breaking Characteristics of SF6/N2 Gas Mixtures GIS Disconnecting Switch","authors":"Min Zhang, Ran Zhang, M. Jin, Zhibing Li, Rui Zhang, Bin Lyu, Tao Wen","doi":"10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158678","url":null,"abstract":"SF6/N2 mixed gas, as a typical binary mixed gas with synergistic effect, is a simple and effective SF6 environmental protection measure. It has been gradually applied to gas-insulated power equipment such as GIS. In order to develop a mixed-gas 126 kV GIS disconnecting switch, breaking characteristics under typical operation conditions are carried out. A circuit breaking test for bus-transfor current was established, and a bus-transfor current breaking test was carried out. It was found that under different conditions, the arc time of the mixed gas was significantly longer than that of SF6. Under the condition of 30V/1600A, the arc time of 28% mixed gas is increased by about 29% compared with SF6. The arcing time of the mixed gas with 40% mixing ratio is similar. The arcing time will increase when the gas pressure decreases. The operation speed of the disconnecting switch has a small effect on the breaking. After 100 tests, the contactor was slightly ablated after the 30V/1600A test but still passed the test. However, the contactor was severely ablated under the 100V/1600A breaking condition and failed the test. A small capacitive current breaking test circuit was set up, and a small capacitive current breaking test was carried out. It is found that the mixing ratio, gas pressure, and switching operation speed have the same effect on the arcing time as the bus-transfor current breaking test. Compared with SF6, the breaking performance is significantly reduced. The arcing time of 28% mixed gas in the 126kV test is increased by about 25%. No insulation discharge occurred after 50 tests, and it was judged that the test passed. In summary, the breaking performance of the mixed gas is significantly lower than SF6, which will make the arcing time and the contactor ablation increase, and even the breaking failure. An improved method of adding copper-tungsten arcing contactor was proposed, after which the test sample was improved, and the type test was passed.","PeriodicalId":286019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133391541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Scatiggio, Erika Breda, L. Calcara, Giorgio Campi, Lara Parodi, Riccardo Pedriali, M. Pompili, Angela Santoro
{"title":"LCA and Smoke Test of Dielectric Fluids Based on Natural Esters","authors":"F. Scatiggio, Erika Breda, L. Calcara, Giorgio Campi, Lara Parodi, Riccardo Pedriali, M. Pompili, Angela Santoro","doi":"10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158755","url":null,"abstract":"Natural esters for electrical applications are universally recognized as environmentally friendly and less impact on non-renewable resources consumption. In the framework of an Institutional Group promoted by the University of Roma “La Sapienza”, the National Firefighters Authority, the National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL) and the Department for Geological Survey of Italy (ISPRA) there were performed several experimental comparative fire/smoke simulations of both mineral and natural ester liquids.","PeriodicalId":286019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123037135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ping Liu, Xuezhong Liu, Yue Zhang, Bo Hu, Zhiming Liang
{"title":"Comparison of Different Simulating Calculation Methods for Electric Fields Along the Stator End-winding of HV Rotating Machine","authors":"Ping Liu, Xuezhong Liu, Yue Zhang, Bo Hu, Zhiming Liang","doi":"10.1109/EIC47619.2020.9158676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC47619.2020.9158676","url":null,"abstract":"The stress grading (SG) system is the important structure of stator end-winding of high voltage (HV) rotating machine, whose performance is closely related to the safe operation of HV rotating machine. How to evaluate the performance of the SG system is vital and helpful to the design and optimization of SG system. In this paper, the available numerical calculation methods, including conventional pi-type equivalent circuit method (PECM), complex reticular equivalent circuit method (CECM), and finite element method (FEM), were described. And the comparative analyses were made based on the potential and electric field distribution along the three-segment stress grading coating (SGC) of a rated 24kV class hydro-generator, which is obtained from three calculation methods. The results showed that three methods all could be applied to evaluate the performance of the SG system, but the complex reticular equivalent circuit method and finite element method are in agreement with each other and should be more suitable for the optimization design of the SG system of HV rotating machine.","PeriodicalId":286019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC)","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127650692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dielectric Dissipation factor measurements on stator insulation - results from a global survey","authors":"M. Krieg-Wezelenburg","doi":"10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158740","url":null,"abstract":"Dielectric Dissipation Factor (DDF) measurements are used to assess the manufacturing quality of individual stator bars/coils and the dielectric behavior of the electrical insulation system of stator windings. The use of this diagnostic test method is widespread and standardized in IEEE and IEC documents. The new IEC 60034-27-3 document sets acceptance limits for individual stator bars and coils based on parameters such as the absolute value of DDF and DDF tip-up at specified voltages. These requirements are viewed by some as too restrictive and by others as overly lenient. Therefore, in 2012, CIGRE established a working group to survey experience with and collect data on DDF testing of newly manufactured stator bars and coils on a worldwide basis. The collected DDF measurement results were analyzed in relation to various influence factors and the results were incorporated in a technical brochure. This contribution will discuss some of the key findings of this work of great significance that was published by CIGRE in 2019.","PeriodicalId":286019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116742149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Space Charge Measurement Method of XLPE Based on Polarization and Depolarization Current","authors":"Siyan Lin, K. Zhou, Mingzhi Li","doi":"10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158581","url":null,"abstract":"To characterize the aging degree of XLPE through the de-trapping progress of space charges, this paper presents a method to extract the de-trapping current from the Polarization and Depolarization Current (PDC) of the insulating medium and a method to calculate the trapped charge density and trap depth. After changing the polarization voltages in PDC tests and charge injection durations and the thermal aging degree of samples, trapped charge density and trap depth in samples are calculated. The results show that higher voltage in PDC tests can promote the charge escaping in deep traps; as the space charge injection duration increases, medium depth traps are more likely to accumulate charges than shallow traps and deep traps; with the aging of XLPE, thermal aging of XLPE first undergoes the recrystallization progress and then enters the thermal destruction period and the change of crystallinity leads to the number of traps in XLPE first increase and then decreases while traps gradually deepen during the whole thermal aging process.","PeriodicalId":286019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117179281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenxiang Xue, Yi Lu, Yanfeng Gao, Yangchun Cheng, Li Zhao, Yibo Zheng, Dangguo Xu
{"title":"Condition Evaluation Method of Cable Based on the Growth of Electrical Tree","authors":"Wenxiang Xue, Yi Lu, Yanfeng Gao, Yangchun Cheng, Li Zhao, Yibo Zheng, Dangguo Xu","doi":"10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158708","url":null,"abstract":"The diagnosis of XLPE cable lines by partial discharge (PD) has always been a key technical issue. As an important parameter reflecting the insulation status of XLPE cable equipment, partial discharge is closely related to its insulation status. A state evaluation method of cable based on the growth of electrical tree is proposed in this paper, which can realize the quantitative evaluation of cable state. Based on the energy conservation law of electrical tree growth in molecular thermodynamics, the relationship between local discharge signal and electrical tree length in cable insulation is studied. In order to evaluate the insulation condition of a cable element, the partial discharge failure probability of the cable element is solved by using the electrical tree length index according to the stress-strength interference theory in the field of mechanical reliability. In addition, a partial discharge test of 10kV XLPE cable is performed. The data on partial discharge and the growth process of the electrical tree are recorded. By substituting the proposed model for calculating the probability of cable partial discharge faults, the effectiveness of the proposed method in evaluating cable status is verified.","PeriodicalId":286019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115399556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Meira, R. Álvarez, C. Verucchi, Leonardo J. Catalano, C. Ruschetti
{"title":"Comparison of gases generated in mineral oil and natural ester immersed transformer's models","authors":"M. Meira, R. Álvarez, C. Verucchi, Leonardo J. Catalano, C. Ruschetti","doi":"10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158578","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the use of natural esters in transformers is increasing, from distribution transformers to power transformers. However, its application in power transformers is still limited by the low evaluation in service. Diagnostic tests of the condition of power transformers must be reviewed for whether they need modifications to their interpretation criteria, mainly in those tests carried out on the transformer's dielectric fluid. The dissolved gas analysis (DGA) interpretation criteria should be investigated since, although it has been shown that the types of fault gases are similar from each of the different fluids, for a given fault, the amounts and ratios of the gases may differ from fluid to fluid. Moreover, from the review of the reported research, it was observed that most of the results obtained are from laboratory scale test and also, they are somewhat dependant of the set-up used. This paper presents a case study of thermal faults model for different hot spot temperatures. The fault model was made using two kinds of oils: mineral and a natural ester, both without cellulose. A comparative study between mineral oil and natural ester oils based on DGA were done, identifying key gases for the different faults types and fluids. Both fluids were to be used to impregnate MV transformer windings by a manufacturer. Traditional mineral oil DGA interpretation techniques were tested on natural ester, such as Rogers ratio and Doernenburg ratio from IEEE Std C57.104:2008 and IEC ratio and Duval triangle from IEC 60599:2015. In addition, Duval triangle for non-mineral oils was also tested.","PeriodicalId":286019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115617967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danyang Zheng, Feifei Sun, J. Bi, G. Ding, Yangchun Cheng
{"title":"Frequency Response Curves of Windings with Bulge Deformation in Power Transformers","authors":"Danyang Zheng, Feifei Sun, J. Bi, G. Ding, Yangchun Cheng","doi":"10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158677","url":null,"abstract":"Transformer is one of the most important components in power system. However, great economic losses and industrial accidents can result from its faults, and one of the most serious of all faults is transformer winding deformation. And frequency response analysis (FRA) is gaining popularity in detecting power transformer winding deformation for its accuracy. And multi-conductor transmission line model is one of the commonly used models of FRA. To determine the relationship between frequency response curve and the degree of winding bulge deformation, we performed the simulation and analysis on two kinds of windings using multi-conductor transmission line model. And the fitting curve of resonance point frequency offset shows that the frequency response curve will move to the left when there is bulge deformation, and the more severe the fault is, the more it moves to the left. In addition, the distance between resonance points is closer in the low-frequency range. However, as the frequency increases, the frequency difference becomes larger and larger.","PeriodicalId":286019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC)","volume":"407 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122480019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Calcara, K. Rapp, S. Sangiovanni, M. Pompili, A. Sbravati
{"title":"Influence of Water Content in Natural Ester Liquids Partial Discharge Inception Voltage","authors":"L. Calcara, K. Rapp, S. Sangiovanni, M. Pompili, A. Sbravati","doi":"10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158736","url":null,"abstract":"The use of natural ester liquids in power transformers, as an alternative to mineral oils, is increasing in the last decades due to the higher interest in reducing the environmental and fire risks. This is possible thanks to the fact that natural ester liquids present much higher flash & fire points and biodegradability, also satisfying the general principles of a circular economy. Furthermore, their diathermic properties are completely comparable with those of mineral oils and this, if the active part is properly designed, may allow more efficient cooling with a consequent increase in specific power, especially in temporary overload conditions. Also, the electrical properties of mineral oils and natural ester liquids may be considered comparable, especially in terms of AC breakdown voltage and partial discharge behavior when testing these insulating liquids according to standardized methods. The breakdown voltage (IEC 60156) and partial discharges determination (IEC 61294TR) at power frequency are test procedures mainly intended to indicate the presence of contaminants such as water and suspended solid particles. Nowadays, being in progress the preparation of an ASTM Project WK65707 on PD detection in dielectric liquids and being envisaged the revision of the existing Technical Report IEC 61294 TR, in this paper are reported some considerations concerning the influence of different water contents on Partial Discharge Inception Voltage (PDIV) of one commercial natural ester liquid and a traditional mineral oil.","PeriodicalId":286019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC)","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124745883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Pin, G. Bélijar, L. Fetouhi, Leroy Somer, C. Van de Steen, L. Albert
{"title":"Ageing study in aircraft electromechanical chain: systems modeling for property evolution monitoring","authors":"S. Pin, G. Bélijar, L. Fetouhi, Leroy Somer, C. Van de Steen, L. Albert","doi":"10.1109/EIC47619.2020.9158659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC47619.2020.9158659","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution toward more electric aircraft and hybrid propulsion aircraft imply increasing power on board, hence more severe constraints on the elements of aircraft electromechanical chain. High voltages associated with low pressure environment at high altitude, increase the risk of partial discharge occurrence. This risk becomes even higher when operating temperature and thermal variations can have an impact on the insulating properties of materials over time. To avoid premature failure, ageing mechanisms are currently under characterization in the framework of the HighVolt project at IRT Saint Exupéry, A large ageing campaign has started on different representative specimens of several sub-systems of an aircraft electromechanical chain. More particularly a stator-like test vehicle called motorette has been improved and placed under isothermal ageing for lifetime characterization. This paper presents the work achieved to get a highly repetitive winded test vehicles and its digital model twin in COMSOL to enhance failure mechanisms comprehension by correlating a set of monitored parameter. Capacitance and Partial Discharge Inception Voltage are first measured experimentally and then computed numerically to be compared. As a further work, the parameters drift will be studied by modifying the models according to the supposed ageing mechanism and comparing with experimental data.","PeriodicalId":286019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124790234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}