Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School最新文献

{"title":"Complex life-histories and biogeochemical cycles : interactions between amphibian life-history strategies and elemental cycling","authors":"T. M. Luhring","doi":"10.32469/10355/43247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/43247","url":null,"abstract":"Top-down and bottom-up forces shape the ecological roles of both producers and consumers. In many aquatic systems, amphibians with complex life-histories tie together terrestrial and aquatic systems. Studies of aquatic amphibian larvae generally investigate the effects of the larval habitat on survival and fitness of the amphibians themselves. Fewer studies yet investigate or document the effects of amphibians on their aquatic habitats. We use a series of manipulative mesocosm treatments varying in bottom-up and top-down pressures to investigate the effects of amphibian larvae on aquatic productivity and water nutrients. Decreasing the strength of bottom-up effects through increased shading resulted in not only reduced productivity, but switches in the effects of amphibians on their aquatic environments. Top-down effects of predation generally increased productivity through a reduction of primary consumer biomass. Predation prevented the drawdown of phytoplankton in high light tanks and thus maintained total water P in phytoplankton biomass, whereas high light tanks with large primary consumers were most likely supplemented by the translocation of benthic P to the water column as was evident from an increase in dissolved P.","PeriodicalId":285769,"journal":{"name":"Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121715169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving soybean seed composition through molecular breeding for Raffinose family oligosaccharides, lectin, and trypsin inhibitors","authors":"Katherine B. Hagely","doi":"10.32469/10355/37614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/37614","url":null,"abstract":"In 2011, soybeans were planted on 75 million acres in the US and the total crop value exceeded $35 billion. After the oil is extracted from the soybean, the remaining high protein fraction is made into meal to be used in animal feed, however first the meal must be processed in order to destroy the activity anti-nutritional proteins. This work reports on the development of molecular breeding methods to screen for soybean lines with improved seed composition containing ultra-low raffinose family oligosaccharides\u0000(RFOs), lectin null, and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (TI) null alleles. A variant allele of RS3 (rs3SNP5) was found to perfectly associate with the ultra-low RFO phenotype, and molecular marker assays for this allele and lectin null and Kunitz TI null alleles are described. The environmental influence of nitrogen on TI phenotype was also investigated, and while adding nitrogen to growth chamber plants resulted in seed with reduced TIs, a field location experiment including two locations with potentially enhanced nitrogen availability did not have reduced TI activity in the 2012 growing season. Finally, the development of a quadruple mutant ultra-low RFO, lectin null, and Kunitz TI null soybean line in a high protein background is reported. This work outlines the development of important soybean breeding tools having significant implications for the creation of nutritionally superior soybean lines for use in animal feeds.","PeriodicalId":285769,"journal":{"name":"Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121760865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Logistic modeling of a biomass utilization system","authors":"Maetee Patana-Anake","doi":"10.32469/10355/5344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/5344","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":285769,"journal":{"name":"Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122092022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) for teaching macroevolution on student outcomes in a general education biology course","authors":"Emily M. Walter","doi":"10.32469/10355/37821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/37821","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the influence of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) for teaching macroevolution on non-science majors’ knowledge of macroevolution and evolution acceptance. The nature and sources of an experienced faculty member’s PCK and instruction as enacted PCK (Park & Oliver, 2008) were examined to consider the influence of these components on students’ knowledge of macroevolution and evolution acceptance. The study used a mixed methods approach to understand how PCK influences student outcomes, and is one of the first to examine the influence of PCK on student outcomes at the post-secondary level. In addition, the study is one of few to document a significant relationship between knowledge of evolution and evolution acceptance, including how instruction influenced these outcomes. The instructor was found to have deep knowledge of learners, and this knowledge in turn informed the other components of her PCK. Her knowledge of learners was built through reflecting on student exam outcomes, referencing the pedagogical literature, interactions with students, and discussions with colleagues. These findings have implications for faculty professional development. The influence of the course was examined both quantitatively and qualitatively. Students were surveyed using the Measure of Understanding of Macroevolution (Nadelson & Southerland, 2010a) the Measure of Acceptance of the Theory of Evolution (Rutledge & Warden, 1999, 2007). From preto post-test, students became significantly more accepting of evolution (p < .0001) and made significant gains in understanding macroevolution (p < .0001). Knowledge of macroevolution and evolution acceptance were also significantly correlated (r[268]=.47, p<.01). Twelve students initially scoring low on both instruments also interviewed to examine how the instruction influenced their responses on the instruments. Nine of the students became more accepting of evolution, which they attributed to learning about the volume of evidence for evolution (especially transitional fossils) and learning about the history of life. These findings have important implications for evolution education policy and practice at the post-secondary level.","PeriodicalId":285769,"journal":{"name":"Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122097547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological conditions of secondary sexual dimorphism in salix glauca : fundamental and realized dimorphic niche","authors":"L. S. Dudley","doi":"10.32469/10355/4382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/4382","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":285769,"journal":{"name":"Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125277518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor neuron output in the crustacean cardiac ganglion is organized and maintained by homeostatic conductance relationships","authors":"Joseph L. Ransdell","doi":"10.32469/10355/40115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/40115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":285769,"journal":{"name":"Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126098410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bisphenol A (BPA) in human serum and urine","authors":"Annette M. Hormann","doi":"10.32469/10355/43992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/43992","url":null,"abstract":"Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure is thought to be mainly due to absorption from the gut by oral ingestion. Thermal receipt paper represents another potential source of BPA exposure via direct absorption through the skin or indirectly via transfer of the chemical to food. Examination of BPA in thermal receipt from local businesses were used to determine whether handling thermal receipt paper prior to eating food effects serum and urine BPA concentrations. Measurements of BPA in 51 receipts were taken to assess the amount of the BPA on receipts. Blood and serum measurements from human participants were taken: Controls (n=10) with no manipulation, participants exposed to BPA in thermal paper either dermally (n=24) or dermally and orally (n=10) after a two-day period of avoiding exposure to BPA. BPA was present in 46% of the receipts measured (mean ±SEM: 19.7±1.0). The amount of BPA transferred to hands was about 100-fold higher when wet with hand sanitizer than dry. BPA transferred to wet hands and then consequently to French fries that were eaten. This resulted in significant elevation of unconjugated serum BPA from a baseline of 0.28.5±1.2 to a maximum of 5.9±2.6 ng/ml after 60 min. With total urine BPA (μg/g creatinine) 0.5±0.2 at baseline and 23.4±7.4 at 90 minutes after being exposed from a receipt that contained 27.2 mg BPA/g receipt paper. Serum concentrations were suggestive of both oral and dermal BPA transmission. In conclusion, thermal paper is a significant source of BPA exposure that regulatory agencies have not included in exposure estimates.","PeriodicalId":285769,"journal":{"name":"Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126194312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The economic and performance impact of technology adoption","authors":"Jereme J. Shryock","doi":"10.32469/10355/37817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/37817","url":null,"abstract":"Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on August 28, 2013).","PeriodicalId":285769,"journal":{"name":"Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125669344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure of an antigen-binding fragment bound to stem-loop DNA and crystallization of recombinant haemophilus influenzae e(P4) acid phosphatase","authors":"Z. Ou","doi":"10.32469/10355/4621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/4621","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-DNA antibodies play important roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and they also serve as unique models for the study of protein-DNA recognition. DNA-1 and 11F8 are anti-ss DNA antibodies derived from autoimmune lupus-prone mice. They are very similar to each other in terms of CDR sequence and preference for binding T-rich ssDNA. Here, we present the 1.95 Å resolution structure of DNA-1 complexed with a stem-loop DNA ligand, denoted G5-14. G5-14 is a synthetic oligonucleotide with the ten-nucleotide sequence identical to the stem-loop portion above the bulge of G1-17, which is an oligonucleotide identified by in vitro selection experiments and binds with high affinity and specificity to Fab 11F8. 11F8 localizes to kidney tissue by binding to DNA adherent to the GBM and eventually leads to renal damage in a mouse model. The DNA-1/G5-14 structure shows that the two DNA strands dimerize to form a double-stranded DNA dumbbell and have a large conformational change including the breaking and reformation of hydrogen bonds. The most striking feature of the Fab/DNA interactions is the use of extensive π-π stacking of the DNA bases and the protein side chains to form base-base and basearomatic stacking interactions. DNA-1 seems to bind to the stem loop ligand in a way different from 11F8. These results provide insights into the specific recognition model of anti-DNA Abs and the potential challenges in structure based drug design to treat autoimmune diseases.","PeriodicalId":285769,"journal":{"name":"Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129796869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming endometriosis-associated preimplantation embryo developmental anomalies by culture","authors":"J. M. Hennings","doi":"10.32469/10355/44702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/44702","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":285769,"journal":{"name":"Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129824017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}