{"title":"A Comparative Investigation of Eye Fixation-based 4-Class Emotion Recognition in Virtual Reality Using Machine Learning","authors":"Jia Zheng Lim, J. Mountstephens, J. Teo","doi":"10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530980","url":null,"abstract":"Research on emotion recognition that relies purely on eye-tracking data is very limited although the usability of eye-tracking technology has great potential for emotional recognition. This paper proposes a novel approach for 4-class emotion classification using eye-tracking data solely in virtual reality (VR) with machine learning algorithms. We classify emotions into four specific classes using VR stimulus. Eye fixation data was used as the emotional-relevant feature in this investigation. A presentation of 3600 videos, which contains four different sessions, was played in VR to evoke the user’s emotions. The eye-tracking data was collected and recorded using an add-on eye-tracker in the VR headset. Three classifiers were used in the experiment, which are k-nearest neighbor (KNN), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM). The findings showed that RF has the best performance among the classifiers, and achieved the highest accuracy of 80.55%.","PeriodicalId":285507,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115461641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. F. Ghani, R. Ghazali, H. Jaafar, C. C. Soon, C. M. Shern, Zulfatman Has
{"title":"The Effects of Mass Variation on Closed-loop EHA System under High Leakage Flow Condition","authors":"M. F. Ghani, R. Ghazali, H. Jaafar, C. C. Soon, C. M. Shern, Zulfatman Has","doi":"10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530944","url":null,"abstract":"The electrohydraulic actuator (EHA) system is widely used in the current industry applications mainly due to its advantages on high power to weight ratio, precise positioning with fast motion and capability in generating great torque. However, the EHA system is difficult to control especially on position tracking as it has a highly nonlinear system due to many uncertainties parameters such as leakage, friction, pressure, and temperature of fluid. In this paper, the effects of mass variation on position tracking performance of closed loop EHA system with the presence of high servo valve leakage flow condition at short-range displacement of the spool is presented. Firstly, the EHA system is modelled by using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Then, the simulations for position tracking performance on the closed loop EHA system with the variation of servo valve leakage flow are conducted. Furthermore, a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is proposed and the effects of mass variation on the closed loop EHA system under the presence of high servo valve leakage flow is investigated. A square wave input is used as a reference input for the simulation and graphical form results are obtained. The results show that the closed loop EHA system has high steady state error (SSE) with the increasing of servo valve leakage flow and the high leakage flow presence on closed loop EHA system with high mass has faster response and low SSE. In conclusion, the performance of closed loop EHA system to reach the desired tracking point is undoubtedly decreased when the leakage flow is increased and the closed loop EHA system with higher mass has faster response and highest performance to reach the desired tracking point.","PeriodicalId":285507,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123747261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nur Adilah Abd Rahman, M. Jamil, M. N. Adon, A. B. Zainal, F. Javid, M. Youseffi
{"title":"Fundamental Study of Cannabidiol Effect on MCF-7 with Low Voltage Pulse Electric Field","authors":"Nur Adilah Abd Rahman, M. Jamil, M. N. Adon, A. B. Zainal, F. Javid, M. Youseffi","doi":"10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530885","url":null,"abstract":"In various cancer types, plant extract has been found to be an important and useful preventive agent for chemotherapy. Cannabidiol is one of the interesting plants that has recently been identified as a possible anti-cancer agent. The inhibition of cancer cells and the activation of cancer cell death or apoptosis are the major effects of cannabinoids on tumours. Latest studies have shown that cannabidiol decreases the viability of cells in multiple cancer cell types, such as leukemia, colorectal, breast cancer, lung, and prostate cancer. The pulse electric fields were known to affect the opening of pores on the cell membrane effectively. It has also been used as one of today’s cancer treatment techniques in clinical practice. Both of these approaches can be combined. For the cancer treatment procedure, it could increase further reduction in time taken and less harmful / after side effects for cancer patients. The pulse electric field range most widely used is 100-1000 V/cm. Cannabidiol inhibitory concentration (IC50) for breast cancer cells will be estimated for this study. The efficacy of this mechanism can be determined by controlling cell proliferation, viability, and anti-proliferation by cancer cells. These approaches could be an effective way to treat cancer without affecting or leaving cancer patients with any side effects.","PeriodicalId":285507,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128281967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. N. Sulaiman, Nur Athirah Hassan, I. Isa, M. F. Abdullah, Z. H. C. Soh, Y. Jusman
{"title":"Mass Detection in Digital Mammogram Image using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)","authors":"S. N. Sulaiman, Nur Athirah Hassan, I. Isa, M. F. Abdullah, Z. H. C. Soh, Y. Jusman","doi":"10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530945","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of convolutional neural networks (CNN) in medical imaging has become very favorable nowadays especially in mammography. CNN is capable of evolving an automatic mass detection system that plays an important role in aiding the radiologist to makes an accurate diagnosis as well as increase recalls back the patient to further being investigated. Thus, in this paper, a revolutionary computer-aided system with entirely automated detection scheme in digital mammogram is proposed. This proposed CAD framework consist of three fundamental phases such as preprocessing of mammogram images, mass detection, as well as classification of mass into three category such as benign, malignant, and normal. We utilized the authentic version of 322 mammograms images from MIAS database and its augmented mammograms image in testing and training the proposed system using CNN. At first, the CNN is trained using the large augmented database. After that, the model is transferred and tested onto the smaller database which is the original database. Three usually used CNNs such as VGG19, InceptionV3, and MatConvNet is evaluated in this study. As a result, the proposed CAD system able to detects the mass position with overall accuracy of 97.04%. This proved that the use of CNN in this study is applicable and feasible to be used by the radiologist in helping them detecting and classifying breast mass in digital mammogram image.","PeriodicalId":285507,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133006842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amirul Badri Arjuna, Shabinar Abdul Hamid, S. Abdullah, Z. Muhammad, Solahuddin Yusuf Fadhlullah, N. A. M. Leh
{"title":"Analysis of Factors Affecting Anti-Collision Performance of RFID Based Asset Tracking System In WSN Platform","authors":"Amirul Badri Arjuna, Shabinar Abdul Hamid, S. Abdullah, Z. Muhammad, Solahuddin Yusuf Fadhlullah, N. A. M. Leh","doi":"10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530880","url":null,"abstract":"In an RFID system, a reader identifies a set of tags over a shared wireless channel. When multiple tags communicate with the same reader simultaneously, some of the packets will be lost due to collision of data, thus jeopardizing the integrity of the RFID system. In this project, the performance of the anti - collision mechanism was investigated in the real environment by identifying the MAC parameters and external factors that could affect the system performance using the Design of Experiment (DOE) method and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical tools. The experimental results reveal that the performance of the designed remote asset tracking system’s anti-collision mechanism is influenced by random slot delay, distance, and clear channel assessment.","PeriodicalId":285507,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE)","volume":"532 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123449651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust Speed Control Methodology for Variable Speed Wind Turbines","authors":"A. Al-Jodah, M. Alwan","doi":"10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530958","url":null,"abstract":"Improving wind turbine efficiency is essential for reducing the costs of energy production. The highly nonlinear dynamics of the wind turbines and their uncertain operating conditions have posed many challenges for their control methods. In this work, a robust control strategy based on sliding mode and adaptive fuzzy disturbance observer is proposed for speed tracking in a variable speed wind turbine. First, the nonlinear mathematical model that describes the dynamics of the variable speed wind turbine is derived. This nonlinear model is then used to derive the control methodology and to find stability and robustness conditions. The control approach is designed to track the optimal wind speed that causes maximum energy extraction. The stability condition was verified using the Lyapunov stability theory. A simulation study was conducted to verify the method, and a comparative analysis was used to measure its effectiveness. The results showed a high tracking ability and robustness of the developed methodology. Moreover, higher power extraction was observed when compared to a classical control method.","PeriodicalId":285507,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114619642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}