Journal of Climate Resilience and Climate Justice最新文献

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Climate Change and Urban Migration in Sub-Saharan African Cities: Impacts and Governance Challenges 气候变化与撒哈拉以南非洲城市移民:影响与治理挑战

Journal of Climate Resilience and Climate Justice Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1162/crcj_a_00009

Bethany Tietjen, Karen Jacobsen, Justin Hollander

{"title":"Climate Change and Urban Migration in Sub-Saharan African Cities: Impacts and Governance Challenges","authors":"Bethany Tietjen, Karen Jacobsen, Justin Hollander","doi":"10.1162/crcj_a_00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/crcj_a_00009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Urban informal settlements are rapidly expanding in countries around the world. This is due partly to high birth rates, but also because of growing in-migration driven by climate change impacts affecting rural populations. Urban informal settlements struggle with degraded and sometimes nonexistent infrastructure (such as water, sewage, and drainage systems) and service provision (health, education), and these shortcomings are aggravated by urban climate-related hazards like flooding and heat spikes. As informal settlements expand, their already overburdened infrastructure can lead to urban disasters such as flooding and landfill collapse. These challenges increase the governance and financial problems already faced by cities and create significant problems for climate resilience planning processes. Policy responses at both the national and city levels promise much but deliver little. This article reviews what is known about the environmental problems of informal settlements, particularly those in African cities, and how city governments have responded to those problems. We focus on two inland cities: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and Kampala, Uganda. We find that city climate adaptation plans do not incorporate the perspective of migrants, who are both particularly vulnerable to climate change and play a role in exacerbating environmental challenges in cities.","PeriodicalId":285095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Resilience and Climate Justice","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127048342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are Underserved Populations Left Out of National Flood Mitigation Efforts and Facing Greater Impact? A Method to Assess Racial Inequality at the Census Tract Level 服务不足的人口是否被排除在国家防洪工作之外并面临更大的影响?在人口普查区层面评估种族不平等的方法

Journal of Climate Resilience and Climate Justice Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1162/crcj_a_00005

Andrew Kruczkiewicz, C. Hultquist, Maya Dutta, Ryan Iyer

{"title":"Are Underserved Populations Left Out of National Flood Mitigation Efforts and Facing Greater Impact? A Method to Assess Racial Inequality at the Census Tract Level","authors":"Andrew Kruczkiewicz, C. Hultquist, Maya Dutta, Ryan Iyer","doi":"10.1162/crcj_a_00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/crcj_a_00005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Development policies have systematically relegated certain populations to undesirable locations including areas at risk of flooding. Over time many properties will no longer be inhabitable and others will see damage from significant flooding. Current U.S. federal policy funds flood risk mitigation measures, such as property acquisition, relocation, and retrofitting; however, depending on various factors at the subcounty level, these actions can in some contexts provide disproportionate benefit to higher income, mostly White areas, failing to appropriately benefit underserved and exposed populations. Here, we present an exploratory method, building off existing research on programmatic-wide and event-specific analysis to explore patterns allowing state- and county-level decision-makers to identify inequalities in federal funding, potentially supporting reprioritization. This work evaluates the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) claims data from 1975 to 2019 and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) mitigation efforts from 1989 to 2018 to explore the distribution of mitigation measures related to tract to county racial disproportionalities (for example, majority non-White census tracts in majority White counties). We find that for majority non-White census tracts in majority White counties, there are disproportionately fewer NFIP claims. This supports previous work, which shows lower levels of assistance in flood recovery, resilience, and preparedness in these areas.","PeriodicalId":285095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Resilience and Climate Justice","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114153703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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