{"title":"A framework to protect mobile agents by using reference states","authors":"F. Hohl","doi":"10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840953","url":null,"abstract":"To protect mobile agents from attacks by their execution environments, or hosts, one class of protection mechanisms uses \"reference states\" to detect modification attacks. Reference states are agent states that have been produced by non-attacking or reference hosts. This paper examines this class of mechanisms and presents the bandwidth of the achieved protection. First, the notion of reference states is introduced. This notion allows to define a protection scheme that can be used to realize a whole class of mechanisms to protect mobile agents. To do so, after an initial analysis of already existing approaches, the abstract features of these approaches are extracted. A discussion examines the strengths and weaknesses of the general protection scheme, and a framework is presented that allows an agent programmer to choose an appropriate protection level using this scheme. An example illustrates the usage of the framework and its overhead.","PeriodicalId":284992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 20th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126643864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive data delivery in wireless communication environments","authors":"Chi-Wai Lin, Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840957","url":null,"abstract":"The combination of broadcast and on-demand data delivery services is an economic way to build a highly scalable wireless information system with limited bandwidth. The use of data broadcasting should be adaptive so that the system response time can always be minimised. A traditional approach requires the development of a system response time equation in order to find the optimal solution. However, obtaining such an equation is not always possible. We observe that by maintaining a certain level of on-demand request arrival rate, a close approximation to the optimal solution can be obtained. Using this approach, a real-time adaptive data delivery algorithm is developed. Our algorithm does not require the access information of the data items to be known exactly, which is needed normally for this kind of optimization problems. A simple and low overhead bit vector mechanism is able to capture the relative popularities of the data items. With this information, our algorithm can give a performance comparable to the ideal case in which the access information for each data item is known exactly.","PeriodicalId":284992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 20th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122189856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Task assignment with unknown duration","authors":"Mor Harchol-Balter","doi":"10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840932","url":null,"abstract":"We consider a distributed server system and ask which policy should be used for assigning tasks to hosts. In our server tasks are not preemptible. Also, the task's service demand is not known a priori. We are particularly concerned with the case where the workload is heavy-tailed, as is characteristic of many empirically measured computer workloads. We analyze several natural task assignment policies and propose a new one TAGS (Task Assignment based on Guessing Size). The TAGS algorithm is counterintuitive in many respects, including load unbalancing, non-work-conserving and fairness. We find that under heavy-tailed workloads, TAGS can outperform all task assignment policies known to us by several orders of magnitude with respect to both mean response time and mean slowdown, provided the system load is not too high.","PeriodicalId":284992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 20th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems","volume":"14 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116730645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quartz: a QoS architecture for open systems","authors":"Frank Siqueira, V. Cahill","doi":"10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840930","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an architecture that provides support for quality of service (QoS) specification and enforcement in heterogeneous distributed computing systems. The Quartz QoS architecture has been designed to overcome various limitations of previous QoS architectures that have constrained their use in heterogeneous systems. These limitations include dependencies on specific platforms and the fact that their functionality is often limited by design to one particular area of application. Quartz is able to accommodate differences among diverse computing platforms and areas of application by adopting a flexible and extensible platform-independent design, which allows its internal components to be rearranged dynamically in order to adapt the architecture to the surrounding environment. Further significant problems found in other QoS architectures, such as the lack of flexibility and expressiveness in the specification of QoS requirements and limited support for resource adaptation, are also addressed by Quartz. This paper describes the motivations for and design of Quartz in detail, presents a prototype implementation of Quartz and an analysis of its design based on experience with a number of applications that use this prototype.","PeriodicalId":284992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 20th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130611448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scheduling heuristics for data requests in an oversubscribed network with priorities and deadlines","authors":"M. Theys, N. Beck, H. Siegel, M. Jurczyk, Min Tan","doi":"10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840911","url":null,"abstract":"Providing up-to-date input to users' applications is an important data management problem for a distributed computing environment, where each data storage location and intermediate node may have specific data available, storage limitations, and communication links available. Sites in the network request data items and each request has an associated deadline and priority. This work concentrates on solving a basic version of the data staging problem in which all parameter values for the communication system and the data request information represent the best known information collected so far and stay fixed throughout the scheduling process. The network is assumed to be oversubscribed and not all requests for data items can be satisfied. A mathematical model for the basic data staging problem is given. Then, three multiple-source shortest-path algorithm based heuristics for finding a near-optimal schedule of the communication steps for staging the data are presented. Each heuristic can be used with each of four cost criteria developed. Thus, twelve implementations are examined. In addition, two different weightings for the relative importance of different priority levels are considered. The performance of the proposed heuristics is evaluated and compared by simulations. The proposed heuristics are shown to perform well with respect to upper and lower bounds. Furthermore, the heuristics and a complex cost criterion allow more highest priority messages to be received than a simple-cost-based heuristic that schedules all highest priority messages first.","PeriodicalId":284992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 20th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124004294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Highly concurrent shared storage","authors":"Khalil Amiri, Garth A. Gibson, Richard A. Golding","doi":"10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840942","url":null,"abstract":"Switched system-area networks enable thousands of storage devices to be shared and directly accessed by end hosts, promising databases and file systems highly scalable, reliable storage. In such systems, hosts perform access tasks (read and write) and management tasks (storage migration and reconstruction of data on failed devices.) Each task translates into multiple phases of low-level device I/Os, so that concurrent host tasks accessing shared devices can corrupt redundancy codes and cause hosts to read inconsistent data. Concurrent control protocols that scale to large system sizes are required in order to coordinate on-line storage management and access tasks. In this paper we identify, the tasks that storage controllers must perform, and propose an approach which allows these tasks to be composed from basic operations-called base storage transactions (BSTs)-such that correctness requires only the serializability of the BSTs and not of the parent tasks. We present highly scalable distributed protocols which exploit storage technology trends and BST properties to achieve serializability while coming within a few percent of ideal performance.","PeriodicalId":284992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 20th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121547842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of false-name declarations in mechanism design: towards collective decision making on the Internet","authors":"M. Yokoo, Y. Sakurai, S. Matsubara","doi":"10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840916","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to analyze a collective decision making problem in an open, dynamic environment, such as the Internet. More specifically, we study a class of mechanism design problems where the designer of a mechanism cannot completely identify the participants (agents) of the mechanism. A typical example of such a situation is Internet auctions. The main contributions of this paper are as follows. We develop a formal model of a mechanism design problem in which false-name declarations are possible, and prove that the revelation principle still holds in this model. When false-name declarations and hiding are possible, we show that there exists no auction protocol that achieves Pareto efficient allocations in a dominant strategy equilibrium for all cases. We show a sufficient condition where the Clarke mechanism is robust against false-name declarations (the concavity of the maximal total utility of agents).","PeriodicalId":284992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 20th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115899146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Graceful quorum reconfiguration in a robust emulation of shared memory","authors":"Burkhard Englert, Alexander A. Shvartsman","doi":"10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840958","url":null,"abstract":"Providing shared-memory abstraction in message-passing systems often simplifies the development of distributed algorithms and allows for the reuse of shared-memory algorithms in the message-passing setting. A robust emulation of atomic single-writer/multi-reader registers in message-passing systems was developed by Attiya, Bar-Noy and Dolev (1995). This emulation was extended by Lynch and Shvartsman (1997) to multi-writer/multi-reader registers using reconfigurable quorum systems. In this work we present a new atomic multi-writer/multi-reader register service that includes a fault-tolerant reconfiguration service. This new emulation has a substantially improved performance and fault-tolerance characteristics. We introduce the concept of intermediate quorum configurations and show how they can be used by readers/writers during reconfiguration. The result is that the quorum reconfigurations are graceful: readers and writers no longer \"busy-wait\" during reconfigurations, bur are able to complete their operations. An additional advance is that the reconfigurer is eliminated as the single point of failure. When the reconfigurer fails, readers and writers continue using intermediate configurations. In finite executions, read and write operations terminate in bounded time using a bounded number of messages (the bounds depend on the \"currency\" of the configuration at the invoker of the operation). Finally, the service places no restrictions on the installed quorum configuration: a previously installed quorum system can be replaced by an arbitrary new quorum system.","PeriodicalId":284992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 20th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems","volume":"331 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134365056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A query propagation approach to improve CORBA Trading Service scalability","authors":"Z. Tari, G. Craske","doi":"10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840963","url":null,"abstract":"Existing CORBA traders, at least most of them, support the core functions of the OMG specification of the Trading Service. We believe that this is useful and can help potential users to use such a service in heterogeneous environments. However we also believe that this is not sufficient because such environments deal with dynamic information and often require scalability (e.g. stock market applications). The CORBA Trading Service uses static information recorded in different components of a trading graph, which reduces its ability to deal with dynamic environments. This paper proposes solutions to the issue of type management and query routing in the context of CORBA Trading Service to improve the scalability and the quality of the results returned by the core trader functions. We propose a query routing mechanism that uses dynamic information recorded within different traders. Some of this information, such as hit factor, is calculated based on the number of offers a remote trader can address and their relative hops away. Finally, we demonstrate that the proposed approach has led to better performance for the core CORBA trader functions.","PeriodicalId":284992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 20th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132885190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Agent migration between incompatible agent platforms","authors":"P. Misikangas, K. Raatikainen","doi":"10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.2000.840901","url":null,"abstract":"Several general purpose agent platforms exist, for example, Voyager, Jade, and Grasshopper, each of which provides an environment for building and executing software agents. Unfortunately, the platforms are usually incompatible with each other. Thus, agents built for one platform cannot be used in another platform, nor can they interact with agents in other platforms. Some effort has been put into standardizing agent communication and migration in FIPA and in OMG, but these standards are not yet supported by most of the existing platforms. Therefore, we should find some other ways to allow interaction between agents in different platforms. We show that it is possible to make platform independent agents that are able to migrate between incompatible platforms. We also describe how messages can be delivered to agents in other platforms, and show how to build platform independent service agents that are used via method calls. The ideas have been tested in practice with Voyager, Jade, and Grasshopper platforms.","PeriodicalId":284992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 20th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133576542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}