{"title":"Morphology of Cervix - A Postmortem Study","authors":"S. Uddin, Muzibur Rahman, N. Begum, Z. Sultana","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17323","url":null,"abstract":"Context : Malignant neoplasms of cervix uteri is a major medical condition with aging population. Detailed anatomical knowledge about cervix uteri is important for obstetracian, pathologist and physician for proper diagnosis and management of cervical diseases. Study design: Cross sectional, analytical type of study. Place and period of study: Department of Anatomy, Sylhet M A G Osmani Medical College, Sylhet, from July 2006 to June 2007. Materials: Present study was performed on 50 autopsied human uterus, age ranging from 1 to 65 years. The samples were collected from unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the morgue of the Department of Forensic Medicine of Sylhet M A G Osmani Medical College, Sylhet. Methods: The samples were divided into four age groups. Group A (1-12 years), Group B (13-24 years), Group C (25-46 years) and Group D (46-65 years). All the samples were studied morphologically. Results: Statistically significant positive correlation was found between age and length, breadth and thickness of cervix Conclusion: There were changes in the morphology of cervix in relation to age. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17323 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2012, Vol. 10 No. 2 pp 80-83","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128505179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Variation in the Arrangement of Structures at Hilum of Human Kidney","authors":"S. Hassan, Mansur Khalil, Mohsin Khalil","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17322","url":null,"abstract":"Context: There is a variation in the arrangement of structures at hilum which may create problem for the surgeon during dissection of hilum of kidney. Moreover, developmental anomalies like, constriction at pelviureteric region, double renal pelvis, accessory renal arteries etc are not uncommon. So, adequate anatomical knowledge of kidney specially at hilum is required for successful surgery of this reason. Objective: To study the variation in the arrangement of renal vessels and renal pelvis at hilum. Study design: Descriptive type. Place and period: Department of Anatomy, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from January 2004 to June 2005. Materials and methods: A total of 100 fresh human kidneys of both sexes and sides were collected from the morgue of Mymensingh Medical College at postmortem. The selected cases were between 5 to 60 years of age. The samples were preserved to observe the variations in the arrangement of main structures at hilum of kidneys regardless of age groups. Results: When hilum of the kidneys viewed before backwards, anteriorly and at the middle, there was 1% variation in the arrangement of renal vessels but posteriorly renal pelvis was found in variably and it was double in 2% of kidneys. Posterior division of renal artery was present behind the renal pelvis in 12% of kidneys. Conclusion: Variation in the arrangement of structures at hilum was observed in 1% of kidneys. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17322 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2012, Vol. 10 No. 2 pp 76-79","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115699989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anjuman Ara Sultana, S. Ara, Mushfika Rahman, H. Afroz, K. Fatema, N. Nahar, R. Alam
{"title":"Variations in the Site of Formation of Basilar Artery","authors":"Anjuman Ara Sultana, S. Ara, Mushfika Rahman, H. Afroz, K. Fatema, N. Nahar, R. Alam","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17288","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Basilar artery, supplies the anatomical structures within the posterior cranial fossa of brain. The ‘Circle of Willis’ is the principal arterial anastomotic trunk of brain formed by the anastomosis between the branches of internal carotid arteries and terminal branch of basilar artery. It is responsible for collateral circulation of brain, specially of old people , who have reduced blood supply to brain due to senile arteriosclerosis . Cerebrovascular diseases due to basilar artery is more common in men than women. Anatomy of basilar artery and its branches are very complex and variable. So, detailed morphogical knowledge is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorder. Objective: To identify variations in the site of formation of basilar artery in relation to age. Study Design: A cross-sectional type of study. Place & period of Study : The study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from January 2010 to December 2010. Materials : 70 postmortem basilar arteries were collected from unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the morgue of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Dhaka. The study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee (ERC) of Dhaka Medical College. Methods: The samples were divided into three different age groups i.e. Group A (15 -30 years) Group B (31-45 years) and Group C (46-60 years). Formalin fixed brain was washed with plain tap water to remove excess formalin and was kept on metallic tray. Site of formation of basilar artery was examined carefully by hand magnifying glass and noted. Results: In the present study, 72.2% of basilar artery was formed at pontomedullary junction and 35.7% was formed below pontomedullary junction. Conclusion: In the present study, the commonest site of formation of basilar artery was found at ponto medullary junction and 2 nd commonest site was below pontomedullary junction but no formation above pontomedullary junction was found. Further studies to find out the cause and functional / clinical correlations of this variation are recommended. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17288 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2012, Vol. 10 No. 2 pp 73-75","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121202987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mushfika Rahman, S. Ara, H. Afroz, Anjuman Ara Sultana, K. Fatema, N. Nahar
{"title":"Age & Sex Related Change in the Shape of the Human Pituitary Gland","authors":"Mushfika Rahman, S. Ara, H. Afroz, Anjuman Ara Sultana, K. Fatema, N. Nahar","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17287","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The pituitary gland produces several hormones that regulate growth, metabolism and reproduction. Deviations from the normal functions of the gland certainly derange the harmony of life. Therefore, this study is important to determine the disease conditions of the gland and also for diagnosis and treatment of diseases of other endocrine organs. Many studies suggested that changes in the endocrine milieu may be reflected in pituitary morphology. The pituitary height in females was significantly greater than that in males. The decline in pituitary height with age may also reflect the process of aging and a physiological pituitary atrophy. Dynamic changes occur in the size, shape and signal intensity of the pituitary gland during life. These changes reflect the complex hormonal environment of the gland and are most pronounced at times of hormonal flux, such as menarche and pregnancy. The appearance of the pituitary gland in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of newborn infants differs from that of older children and adults. Previous observers have noted changes in the shape of the pituitary gland at different stages of life, which also reflect concurrent changing of hormonal level. Objective: To identify any variation of shape of the pituitary gland in relation to age & sex. Type of Study: A cross-sectional analytical type of study. Place & Period of Study: Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2009 to June 2010. Materials: About 60 (40 male and 20 female) postmortem human pituitary glands were collected from unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the morgue of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Dhaka. The study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee (ERC) of Dhaka Medical College. Methods: The samples were divided into four groups. i.e. Group-A (20-29 years), Group-B (30-39 years), Group-C (40-49 years) and Group-D (50-59 years). The shape was recorded according to the grading system of Elster et al.(1990) , such as- a) Grade 1- Concave, b)Grade 2- Mildly concave, c)Grade 3 - Flat, d)Grade 4 - Mildly convex, e)Grade5-Moreconvex/rounded/spherical. Results: Grade 1 was found in 1(2.5%) male sample of group B and C & 1(5%) in female sample of group A. Grade 2 was noted in 3 (7.5%), 2 (5%), 3 (7.5%) and 1(2.5%) male samples of group A, B, C and D respectively. Grade 3 was found in 4 (10%), 5 (12.5%), 4 (10%) and 1(2.5%) male samples of group A, B, C and D respectively and about 1(5%), 2(10%) and 1 (5%) female samples of group A, B and C respectively. Grade 4 was noted in 2 (5%), 7(17.5%), 1(2.5%) and 1(2.5%) male samples of group A, B, C and D respectively and in 6(30%), 3(15%) and 1(5%) female samples of group A, B and C respectively. Grade 5 was noted in 2(5%) male samples of group B and D and in 1(5%), 3(15%) and 1(5%) female samples of group A, B and C respectively. Conclusion: The shape of the pituitary gland are tended to be changed in between sexes and with advancing ages","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129961466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Nahar, S. Ara, Mushfika Rahman, S. Shahriah, H. Afroz
{"title":"Presence of Hartmann’s Pouch in Human Gallbladder","authors":"N. Nahar, S. Ara, Mushfika Rahman, S. Shahriah, H. Afroz","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17283","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Hartmann’s pouch is an out-pouching of the wall of the gallbladder, at the junction of the neck of the gallbladder and the cystic duct. It may be a site where gall stone impacts, which leads to mucocele of gallbladder. So its identification is useful in delineating biliary anatomy while performing a cholecystectomy. Objective: To identify the presence of Hartmann’s pouch in human gallbladder. Study Desig n: A cross-sectional type of study. Place and period of study: The study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2008 to June 2009. Materials: 70 postmortem gallbladder were collected from unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the morgue of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. Methods: Formalin fixed gallbladder was washed with plain tap water to remove excess formalin and was kept on metallic tray. On observation Hartmann’s pouch in gallbladder was detected and noted. Results: In the present study 70 cadaver’s gallbladder were observed carefully in the neck region for Hartmann’s pouch. The Hartmann’s pouch was detected in 4 cases out of 70 (5.7%). Conclusion: Further studies to find out the gross anatomy and histological study of Hartmann’s pouch is recommended. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17283 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2012, Vol. 10 No. 2 pp 57-58","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126637440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photographic Estimation of Arch Height of Adult Bangladeshi Male","authors":"M. Parash, H. Naushaba, A. Rahman, S. C. Shimmi","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17284","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The height of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot is commonly thought to be a predisposing factor to injuries. High-arched runners exhibit more bony, ankle and lateral injuries but low-arched runners reveal a higher risk of soft tissue, knee and medial injuries. Moreover high-arched and low-arched people have greater rearfoot eversion excursions than those with normal arch structure. So, it is important to have relatively easy and reliable way to measure the height of foot arch. The most reliable and valid way of measuring the foot arch is by the arch height index measurement system (AHIMS). The AHIMS can be costly to buy or construct for a third world country like Bangladesh. An alternative idea developed recently involved the use of digital photography to assess the arch height. Study design: Cross sectional, analytical type of study. Place and period of the study : Department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka from July 2010 to June 2011. Materials and Method: A total number of 110 medical students of 3 rd and 4 th year were chosen by purposive sampling. Results: The values of arch height were 6.04 cm to 8.78 cm in sitting position and 4.83 cm to 7.03 cm in standing position respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17284 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2012, Vol. 10 No. 2 pp 59-62","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123872560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Hossain, SM Moshadeq Hossain, Fakhrul Amin Mohammad Hasanul Banna
{"title":"Variations in the Structure of the Jugular Foramen of Human Skull","authors":"S. Hossain, SM Moshadeq Hossain, Fakhrul Amin Mohammad Hasanul Banna","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17281","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The jugular foramen is one of the most fascinating foramen present at the base of the skull attracting the imagination of many Anatomists worldwide as many important structures pass through it, and amongst them the intriguing structure is the internal jugular vein. The shape and size of the jugular foramen is related to the size of the internal jugular vein and the presence or absence of a prominent superior bulb. As most of the textbooks of Anatomy describe that the right jugular foramen is usually larger than the left jugular foramen. Henceforth the present study was undertaken in 55 skulls from the dept. of Anatomy. Measurements were taken with the help of sliding vernier caliper. Study type: C ross-sectional descriptive type. Place and period of study: Department of Anatomy, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi and Pabna Medical College, Pabna from April 2010 to June 2011. Materials and Methods: Total fifty five (55) human adult skulls were collected from the Anatomy department of Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi and Pabna Medical College, Pabna at different times of the study period. The study was conducted to observe variations in the structure of the jugular foramen of the human’s skull. Result: Out of 55 skulls (110 foramina) studied, the presence of dome indicating the presence of jugular bulb was found bilaterally in 100% of cases. 58.18% of cases showed that the size of right foramina were larger than the left foramina whereas 20% of cases showed that right foramina were equal to the left and in 21.82% of cases the left foramina were larger than the right side foramina. An important observation in the present study was the presence of either complete or partial septation in the jugular foramen. Conclusion: The findings of the study reveals that there are some differences among some parameters. The variations are might be due to the geographical variations of the skeletons. It needs further study with larger sample size from different geographical areas of Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17281 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2012, Vol. 10 No. 2 pp 45-49","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"421 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134288031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Presence of Cystic Artery in the Calot’s Triangle and Its Relation with Common Hepatic Duct – a Postmortem Study","authors":"K. Rahman, Selina Anwar","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17282","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Most common disease of liver and biliary tree is cholelithiasis which needs surgical intervention. Safe execution of traditional cholecystectomy or laparoscopic surgery needs proper knowledge of the origin, course, branching pattern of the cystic artery and its relation with common hepatic duct. This study was aimed to find the presence of cystic artery in the Calot’s triangle and its relation with common hepatic duct to prevent any iatrogenic complications especially for newer surgeons in this field. Materials and Methods: This study was done on 60 postmortem gallbladder collected from postmortem dead bodies under the guidance of Forensic Medicine department of Rangpur Medical College, Rangpur. After collection of the specimen, the boundary of the Calot’ triangle was identified and course of the cystic artery was observed whether it was passing through the triangle or not. The relation of the cystic artery with the common hepatic duct was also noticed. Results: It was found from the result of the present study that out of 60 cases cystic artery was found as a content of Calot’s triangle in 58 (96.65%) cases. Regarding the relations of the cystic artery, out of 60 specimens, in 54 cases (90%) cystic arteries were observed to pass behind the common hepatic duct. In four cases (6.67%) cystic artery were found crossing over the common hepatic duct and in two cases (3.33%), cystic artery were found crossing below the cystic duct. In one cases, branches of cystic artery (superficial and deep branch) was found. In every specimen a Calot‘s node was found within the Calot‘s triangle. Discussions : The result of the present study was compared with other workers. Though many of the workers found similar results regarding the course of the cystic artery through the Calot’ triangle but some workers found higher number of cystic artery passing outside the triangle. Also higher percentage of cystic artery passing over the common hepatic duct was found by many workers than the present study. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17282 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2012, Vol. 10 No. 2 pp 50-56","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"17 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131181670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Afroz, S. Ara, Mushfika Rahman, N. Nahar, A. Ara, K. Fatema
{"title":"Length, Breadth and Thickness of the Pineal Gland","authors":"H. Afroz, S. Ara, Mushfika Rahman, N. Nahar, A. Ara, K. Fatema","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V10I2.17286","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The pineal gland is capable of influencing or modifying the activity of the pituitary gland, islets of Langerhans, the parathyroid gland, adrenal gland and the gonads. The pineal gland through its hormone, melatonin influences many functions of the human, like circadian rhythm, mood, psychiatric disorder, sexual maturation, reproduction and aging. Melatonin, a potent antioxidant provides protection against damaging free radicals of oxygen. Various clinical problems occur due to abnormal melatonin secretion by the pineal gland. For the perfect and complete evaluation of various clinical conditions of the pineal gland, detailed morphological knowledge is essential. Study Design: Cross sectional analytical type of study. Place and period of study: Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2009 to June 2010. Materials: 60 postmortem human pineal glands were collected from unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the morgue of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Dhaka. Methods: The samples were divided into four different age groups i.e. Group-A (15-30 years), Group-B (31- 40 years), Group-C (41-50 years) and Group-D (> 50 years). Results: The mean±SD length of the pineal gland were found 8.11±0.83 mm in group A, 7.96±1.06 mm in group B, 7.51±0.55 mm in group C and 7.89±0.14 mm in group D. The mean±SD breadth of the pineal gland were found 4.39±0.34 mm in group A, 4.09±0.46 mm in group B, 4.12±0.58 mm in group C and 3.81±0.34 mm in group D. The mean±SD thickness of the pineal gland were found 2.52±0.64 mm in group A, 2.29±0.54 mm in group B, 2.14±0.32 mm in group C and 2.07±0.18 mm in group D. Conclusion: breadth and thickness of the pineal gland were found to be decreased with advancing age. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17286 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2012, Vol. 10 No. 2 pp 63-67","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132380276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}