Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research最新文献

{"title":"Supracondylar Humerus Fractures in Infants and Early Toddlers; Characteristics, Clinical and Radiological Outcomes Compared with Older Children.","authors":"Ahmet Hamdi Akgülle,&nbsp;Yavuz Şahbat,&nbsp;Özgür Baysal,&nbsp;Hayati Kart,&nbsp;Bülent Erol","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2123577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2123577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHF) are rarely seen in the youngest age groups (1-3 years). Although there is no difference in the context of treatment options, it has been shown that younger age groups have different characteristics. Few studies have examined toddlers, which have notably different characteristics. This study is the first to report the characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and functional results of SCHF in infants and early toddlers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was made of the data of patients younger than 30 months old, who were operated on in our clinic for SCHF between 2012 and 2020 with at least 2 years of follow-up. Patient demographic and surgical data, and the functional and radiological results were documented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evaluation was made of a total of 52 patients comprising 30 females (58%) and 22 males (42%), with a mean age of 20.75 ± 5.4 months (range, 6-30 months). The injury was in the right elbow in 24 (46%) patients. The mechanism of injury was a fall from an object at home (table, chair, bed, etc.) in 41 (79%) patients. Patients who fell from a height of more than 4 meters had additional injuries (liver laceration, vertebral fracture, etc.). Only 1 patient had anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) damage before the operation, but the final follow-up neurovascular examinations for all patients were normal. The median follow-up period was 4 years (range, 2-7 years). Flynn outcome scores were (88.5%) excellent and variant Hospital for Special Surgery scores were (82.7%) excellent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With appropriate treatment of SCHF, the clinical outcomes in infants and early toddlers are excellent. Using a medial pin to achieve and protect stability in this age group does not increase the risk of iatrogenic ulnar nerve damage. Patients younger than 20 months tend to have more varus malalignment but similar functional results.</p>","PeriodicalId":284931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1797-1805"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40368686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Tumor Regression Grade Sufficient to Predict Survival in Esophageal Cancer with Trimodal Therapy?","authors":"Yi-Min Gu,&nbsp;Si-Mian Lyu,&nbsp;Qi-Xin Shang,&nbsp;Han-Lu Zhang,&nbsp;Yu-Shang Yang,&nbsp;Wen-Ping Wang,&nbsp;Yong Yuan,&nbsp;Long-Qi Chen","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2127036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2127036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to assess the predictive value of tumor regression grade (TRG) and nodal status on survival in esophageal carcinoma with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tumor pathologic regression and nodal status were assessed. Differences in survival stratified by TRG or nodal status were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. The prognostic value of TRG and nodal status were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From July 2016 to June 2019, 253 patients with esophageal cancer underwent nCRT followed by surgery. Significant differences were presented in survival according to nodal status but not TRG. Multivariate analysis showed that nodal status and not TRG was the only independent predicter for overall survival (HR: 3.550, 95% CI: 2.264-5.566, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and disease-free survival (HR: 2.801, 95% CI: 1.874-4.187, <i>P</i> < 0.001). The modified TRG system combining tumor regression with nodal status stratified patients survival with good discrimination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lymph node status impacts more importantly than TRG on survival for patients with esophageal cancer undergoing nCRT plus esophagectomy. The modified TRG system may facilitate postoperative treatment decisions and survival surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":284931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1818-1823"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40377639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developments in the Diagnosis and Management of Cholecystoenteric Fistula.","authors":"Ying-Yu Liu,&nbsp;Shi-Yuan Bi,&nbsp;Quan-Run He,&nbsp;Ying Fan,&nbsp;Shuo-Dong Wu","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2113188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2113188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Cholecystoenteric fistula (CEF) is a rare complication of cholelithiasis. CEF refers to one or more pathological perforations between the gallbladder and the adjacent gastrointestinal tract, first described by Bartholin in 1645. The aim of this review is to examine the etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of CEF.<b>Methods:</b> A literature search was conducted according to a set of criteria in PubMed for historical and current peer-reviewed studies regarding CEF.<b>Results:</b> Clinical manifestations of CEF are always latent. Despite modern imaging studies and diagnostic methods, it is still very difficult to definitively diagnose CEF preoperatively. Instead, CEF is often accidentally discovered in the perioperative period or via intraoperative exploration.<b>Conclusions:</b> Without appropriate preoperative preparation, gastrointestinal injury and intraoperative bleeding often occur. CEF often goes unreported, and its diagnosis and treatment are still controversial. Early diagnosis of CEF is essential for effective treatment and improved outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":284931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1841-1846"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40378629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hysteroscopy Combined with Laser Vaporesection for Endometrial Polyps.","authors":"Hongyan Ren,&nbsp;Hua Duan,&nbsp;Sha Wang,&nbsp;Yanan Chang","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2116134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2116134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the safety and efficiency of hysteroscopic laser vaporesection and hysteroscopic resection in the treatment of endometrial polyps.<b>Methods:</b> The literatures in databases were searched comprehensively, the literatures that met the inclusion criteria were screened out and the data were extracted. The data were combined with Stata12.0 statistical software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>4 literatures were included with a total sample size of 334. Meta-analysis showed that intraoperative blood loss in laser group was less than that in electrosurgical group [-3.043, 95% CI (-4.09, -2.00), P < 0.001]. Length of stay in the laser group was shorter than that in the electrotomy group [-1.013, 95% CI (-1.37, -0.65), P < 0.001]. The recurrence rate [0.275, 95%CI (0.135,0.563), P < 0.001] and complication rate [0.148, 95%CI (0.07,0.32), P < 0.001] in the laser group were lower than those in the electrotomy group. There was no significant difference in operative time between hysteroscopy combined with 2 μm laser and hysteroscopic electrotomy for endometrial polyps [-0.38, 95% CI (-1.34, 0.58), P = 0.441 > 0.05].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hysteroscopic 2 μm laser vaporesection for the treatment of endometrial polyps has better safety and clinical efficacy. Compared with hysteroscopic electroresection, hysteroscopic laser vaporesection in the treatment of endometrial polyps may be safer and more effective. Given the potential limitations, we need larger, well-designed randomized controlled trials to verify our findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":284931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1772-1778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40350006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified Frailty Index Combined with a Prognostic Nutritional Index for Predicting Postoperative Complications of Hip Fracture Surgery in Elderly.","authors":"Yanling Zhou,&nbsp;Long Wang,&nbsp;Angyang Cao,&nbsp;Wenjun Luo,&nbsp;Zhipeng Xu,&nbsp;Zhiren Sheng,&nbsp;Jianhua Wang,&nbsp;Binbin Zhu","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2101166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2101166","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim: There is currently no consensus on the best risk assessment technique for predicting complications after hip surgery in the elderly, which is hindering the accuracy of surgical risk assessment. The goal of this study was to build a risk assessment model and evaluate its predictive value using the modified frailty index (5-mFI) and the prognostic nutritional index (PNI). Methods: A retrospective investigation was undertaken on 150 patients (aged ≥60 years) who had hip fracture surgery. Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models, the relationship between combined 5-mFI and PNI and the evaluation of postoperative unfavorable outcomes such as infection and unscheduled intensive care unit (ICU) admission was investigated. Finally, utilizing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the model’s predictive value for adverse outcomes following hip fracture surgery in elderly patients was assessed. Results: Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses revealed that preoperative PNI, 5-mFI, ASA, and gender acted as independent predictors of adverse outcomes after hip fracture surgery in the elderly. According to the ROC curve analysis, the predictive model demonstrated a high predictive value for total postoperative complications (AUC: 0.788; 95%CI: 0.715–0.860; p<0.01), infectious complications (AUC: 0.798; 95% CI: 0.727–0.868; P<0.001), and unplanned ICU admission (AUC: 0.783; 95% CI: 0.705–0.861; P<0.001). Conclusions: The multivariable evaluation model, which included 5-mFI and PNI, showed a high predictive value and can hence be applied to predict the adverse outcomes in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.","PeriodicalId":284931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1739-1746"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40576372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Treatment of Ectopic Mediastinal Parathyroid Tumors: A 23-Year Clinical Data Study in a Single Center.","authors":"Lei Liu,&nbsp;Jia-Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Gui-Ge Wang,&nbsp;Ke Zhao,&nbsp;Chao Guo,&nbsp;Cheng Huang,&nbsp;Shan-Qing Li,&nbsp;Ye-Ye Chen","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2106392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2106392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> Ectopic mediastinal parathyroid glands are parathyroid glands located completely below the clavicle. At present, most literature reports on ectopic mediastinal parathyroid tumors (EMPT) are case reports or small case sequences.<b>Methods.</b> This study conducted a retrospective analysis of ectopic mediastinal parathyroid tumors cases treated over the past 23 years, summarizing and analyzing general conditions, preoperative positioning, postoperative pathology, intraoperative conditions, and long-term follow-up results.<b>Results.</b> This study enrolled 28 patients. Among them, 27 patients underwent preoperative localization diagnosis using 99mTc-sestamibi scan (MIBI) in conjunction with chest computed tomography (CT), including 26 cases of the anterior superior mediastinum and 2 cases of middle mediastinum. Postoperative pathology revealed 23 cases of parathyroid adenoma, 4 cases of parathyroid hyperplasia, and 1 case of parathyroid cyst. In this study, 12 patients underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and thoracotomy approaches. Using Mann-Whitney U test, we discovered that VATS approach group is significantly superior in surgical time (P = 0.039) and intraoperative bleeding (P < 0.001). Within one week of surgery, 26 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) experienced a significant decrease in blood parathyroid hormone (PTH) (P < 0.001) and blood calcium (P < 0.001), and all achieved long-term remission.<b>Conclusions.</b> EMPT is most frequently performed in the anterior superior mediastinum. EMPT is predominantly parathyroid tumors, and most of them are associated with PHPT. MIBI and chest CT combination can be used for preoperative lesion localization (positive rate 96.15%). VATS can be used as a better surgical approach. PHPT patients before surgery can achieve long-term symptom relief with surgical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":284931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1747-1753"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40574017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autologous Scar-Related Tissue Combined with Skin Grafting for Reconstructing Large Area Burn Scar.","authors":"Zhuoqun Fang,&nbsp;Jun Li,&nbsp;Kejia Wang,&nbsp;Ting He,&nbsp;Hongtao Wang,&nbsp;Songtao Xie,&nbsp;Xuekang Yang,&nbsp;Juntao Han","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2101164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2101164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study introduced a novel method to reconstruct large areas of scarring caused by burns via combining autologous scar-related tissue with spit-thickness skin grafting (ASTCS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>25 patients underwent reconstruction after scar resection surgeries around the joints were analyzed between Jan 2012 and Jan 2018. Patient demographics and clinical parameters were collected, autologous scar-related tissue was modified to meshed structure, and the split-thickness skin was acquired from the scalp. The scar was resected and punched by a meshing machine with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm at a ratio of 1:1. The secondary wounds were covered by the epidermis from a donor site. The surgical areas were bandaged for 7-10 days before the first dressing change.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>25 patients (mean [SD] age, 26.4 [18.8] years; 16 [64%] men) underwent wounds reconstructive operations due to scar resection were reviewed. Wound location of 9 (22%), 8 (19.5%), 9 (22%), 7 (17.1%) and 8 (19.5%) cases were reconstructed in axillary, hand and wrist, popliteal fossa, elbow and neck, respectively. 39 sites of transplanted tissues survived well, and 2 sites were cured after two weeks of dressing changes. Except the analysis of injury causes, nutritional status, wound area and hospital days, patients with scar deformities in joint areas achieved satisfactory function by assessing the Vancouver Burn Skin Score and the Barthel Index Scale Scores after 12-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combining autologous scar-related tissue with skin grafting provided a novel method for treating large areas of burn scars with better functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":284931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1779-1788"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40606879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is PSA Still the Best Predictor for Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy in High-Risk Prostate Cancer?","authors":"Serkan Akan,&nbsp;Numan Doğu Güner,&nbsp;Caner Ediz,&nbsp;Aytaç Şahin,&nbsp;Ayhan Verit","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2101165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2101165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) experience heterogeneous oncological outcomes. In this study, we assessed the patients who underwent an RP procedure because of high-risk prostate cancer in subgroups formed according to D'Amico criteria and analyzed the effects of these criteria on biochemical recurrence (BCR) after RP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively identified high-risk non-metastatic PCa patients who underwent RP between 2006 and 2020 in our hospital. Groups were formed as follows: group 1 consisted of those with an ISUP grade 4 - 5 biopsy, group 2 consisted of those with a clinical stage T2c, group 3 consisted of those with a tPSA level ≥ 20 ng/ml, and group 4 consisted of those with locally advanced disease. Survival analyses were made by Kaplan-Meier test and Log Rank test. A <i>P</i> value <0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of all patients, 61.8% were cured by only RP and 38.2% had recurrences. Rates of BCR were significantly different among groups (<i>P</i> = 0.003). In group 1, group 2, group 3, and group 4, BCR rates were 30.8%, 13%, 40.8%, and 70.6%, respectively. Mean BCR-free survival was 82.47 ± 11.64 months. In group 2, BCR-free survival was higher than that in group 3 and group 4 (<i>P</i>1 = 0.020 and <i>P</i>2 = 0.001) and in group 1, BCR-free survival was higher than that in group 4 (<i>P</i> = 0.016). There was no significant difference between group 3 and 4 (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the developments in the imaging technology, an elevated tPSA level remains to be an important predictor for BCR-free survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":284931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1733-1738"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40621485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling Large Area Burn with Combinational Tissue Grafting.","authors":"Yanhan Ren","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2118912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2022.2118912","url":null,"abstract":"investigate a new methodology for managing extensive using a combinational approach, scar-related with spit-thickness large extensive burned on A combinational grafting procedure was performed using autologous scar-related tissue and scalp","PeriodicalId":284931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1789"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40351471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Research Describing the Role of CD4⁺ T Lymphocyte Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis.","authors":"Bilian Zheng, Junlong Song, Man Lu, Chuang Chen, Shengrong Sun","doi":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2090035","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08941939.2022.2090035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is a rare, benign, chronic inflammatory illness of the mammary gland with an unknown cause. Many scholars believe that the pathogenesis of GLM is mediated by autoimmunity. This article reviews the progress of the role of CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets in the development of GLM to explore potential therapeutic targets.<b>Methods:</b> Original articles from inception to October 2021 were systematically searched by two members on PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure.<b>Results:</b> Current studies have confirmed the presence of disorders of several immune molecules in the serum and tissue microenvironment of GLM patients, including interleukin (IL) -2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10. This may be related to the dysregulation of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg balance.<b>Conclusions:</b> Altered expression and the malfunctioning of Th, Treg, and associated cytokines may contribute to GLM pathogenesis. Immune molecules and immune-related pathways may be potential targets and breakthroughs for future GLM treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":284931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1790-1795"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33450563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}