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UCL Journal of Economics最新文献

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What is the Potential Impact of a Uniform VAT Rate in Spain, if Implemented in a Revenue Neutral Way? 如果以收入中性的方式实施，西班牙统一增值税税率的潜在影响是什么?
UCL Journal of Economics Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1401
Guillaume Marder
{"title":"What is the Potential Impact of a Uniform VAT Rate in Spain, if Implemented in a Revenue Neutral Way?","authors":"Guillaume Marder","doi":"10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1401","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses a revenue neutral reform of the Spanish tax system. Differentiated VAT rates on all products except alcoholic beverages and tobacco would be eliminated and replaced by a single uniform rate of tax. This could lead to substantial efficiency gains by reducing distortions in consumption and production decisions, as well as administrative and compliance costs. The current system also has the peculiarity of being slightly regressive, meaning that unlike most other similar reforms, this one would also lead to gains in terms of equity.","PeriodicalId":284778,"journal":{"name":"UCL Journal of Economics","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125320755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Climate Change and Economic Outcomes: a State-Level Analysis in the US 气候变化与经济成果:美国州级分析
UCL Journal of Economics Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1404
John Korngold
{"title":"Climate Change and Economic Outcomes: a State-Level Analysis in the US","authors":"John Korngold","doi":"10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1404","url":null,"abstract":"Growing economic inequality and increasing climate disruption are two major issues that are not always studied in accordance despite their interconnectedness. A better understanding of their relationship can help policy makers address both of these issues. Combining data from a study on city-level climate risk and readiness with data from the 2020 US Census, I run a series of OLS regressions to estimate the size effect of these two variables on 3 different economic outcomes. Although further research is required to establish causality, my findings suggest climate risk and unemployment rates are associated, in turn suggesting that policy-makers consider tackling both issues simultaneously. ","PeriodicalId":284778,"journal":{"name":"UCL Journal of Economics","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123234184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Institutions and Economic Growth in Democratic Europe: France’s 1958 Transition From Fourth to Fifth Republic 民主欧洲的制度与经济增长:1958年法国从第四共和国到第五共和国的过渡
UCL Journal of Economics Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1406
Haneeboy Barlis
{"title":"Institutions and Economic Growth in Democratic Europe: France’s 1958 Transition From Fourth to Fifth Republic","authors":"Haneeboy Barlis","doi":"10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1406","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the impact of France’s 1958 constitutional transition from the French Fourth Republic to the French Fifth Republic. A difference-in-differences regression analysis compared the effect of France’s 1958 institutional change on French economic growth against a control group of 12 democratic European countries in the period 1948 – 1969. The regression analysis conducted suggested that the 1958 French constitutional change contributed an additional 2.73% GDP growth per year to French GDP growth in the period 1959 – 1969. ","PeriodicalId":284778,"journal":{"name":"UCL Journal of Economics","volume":"4 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134598668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Policy Brief: Right-to-Work Legislation 1947—Present in the United States 政策摘要:美国1947年至今的工作权立法
UCL Journal of Economics Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1398
Nicholas Whitaker
{"title":"Policy Brief: Right-to-Work Legislation 1947—Present in the United States","authors":"Nicholas Whitaker","doi":"10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1398","url":null,"abstract":"Union membership rates have been declining in the US since around 1950. After Congress allowed states to pass Right-to-Work (RTW) laws in 1947, 27 states have enacted legislation that outlaws the requirement of joining a union as a condition of employment. Existing research suggests that these RTW laws increase the free-rider problem for union organizations and reduce union membership, therefore decreasing union bargaining power and both union and nonunion wage rates. The value of unions in the US labor market is not the focus of this brief, although I give some background on that issue as motivation. Past literature has yielded suggestive results, but more recent literature employs modern research designs that plausibly conclude RTW diminishes union membership and union power in states after it is enacted.","PeriodicalId":284778,"journal":{"name":"UCL Journal of Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130453160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Silver Lining in Looming Storm: Examining China’s Population Aging Crisis, Expansionary Population Policy, and Alternate Solutions 阴霾中的一线曙光:检视中国人口老龄化危机、扩张性人口政策及替代解决方案
UCL Journal of Economics Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1399
Tianyi Zhang
{"title":"Silver Lining in Looming Storm: Examining China’s Population Aging Crisis, Expansionary Population Policy, and Alternate Solutions","authors":"Tianyi Zhang","doi":"10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1399","url":null,"abstract":"Home to over 1.4 billion residents, China has been the world’s most populous country for centuries. While population growth had been largely natural in China’s long history, population policies and controls had become an integral part of Chinese policymaking since the late 19th century. After the Communist Party overtook the regime in 1949, population policies became even more pivotal, if volatile and willful at times. In this essay, I will first show that there is indeed a significant population aging crisis brewing within China, which could mark a fundamental metamorphosis that decimates China’s population dividend. I will further state that this belated policy turnaround is already highly unlikely to prepare the Chinese population for the looming population aging crisis, nor is it a promising idea to play this population catch-up game, because it will incur an even heavier burden for the working age population in the next decade. And finally, I will propose alternate solutions to the looming population crisis that look beyond simply boosting birth rates, in the form of a fairer redistribution system and pension system reform that alleviates anxieties and burdens of the working class as well as elderly population.","PeriodicalId":284778,"journal":{"name":"UCL Journal of Economics","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114827210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How online reviews affect consumer’s quality belief: ex-ante and ex-post preference of consumption decision 网络评论如何影响消费者的质量信念:消费决策的事前和事后偏好
UCL Journal of Economics Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1372
Yiyang Li
{"title":"How online reviews affect consumer’s quality belief: ex-ante and ex-post preference of consumption decision","authors":"Yiyang Li","doi":"10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1372","url":null,"abstract":"Many researchers focused on the impact of online reviews on sales, only a few researchers investigate consumer satisfaction following the purchasing decision. I hypothesised that online reviews would have an impact on both sales and returns. I first elaborated on the hypotheses with an analytical model that demonstrates how risk-neutral reference-dependent consumers form a quality belief and their consumption utility after consumption. Further, I empirically tested the hypotheses using cross-sectional data set collected from Taobao.com. By controlling the effect of types of products, and adding monetary incentiveas the instrumental variable for positive review rates, I ran 2SLS regressions of sales and returns on reviews. The result supports the proposition that the positive review rate is positively associated with both returns and sales, while the negative review rate is negatively associated with both returns and sales. Consumers tend to overestimate true product quality with positive reviews, while negative reviews tend to be more informative about the true quality of products. This is because sellers generally manipulate positive reviews and ratings to attract potential buyers. The result suggests that consumers could discount their quality beliefs before making the purchasing decision. This would not only increase the reference-dependent consumption utility but also reduce the transportation cost of returning products. Thus, achieving a more efficient allocation of resources.","PeriodicalId":284778,"journal":{"name":"UCL Journal of Economics","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124606929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Insects on our Plates? Potential, Challenges and Opportunities in the Edible Insect Market 盘子里有昆虫?食用昆虫市场的潜力、挑战和机遇
UCL Journal of Economics Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1383
T. Adler
{"title":"Insects on our Plates? Potential, Challenges and Opportunities in the Edible Insect Market","authors":"T. Adler","doi":"10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1383","url":null,"abstract":"Our food system is a major polluter and perpetrator of climate change and biodiversity loss. Animal-based protein sources are the most energy intensive and polluting food products. Edible insects have been touted as an alternative to traditional meat sources. This paper quantifies the sustainability of the edible insect production process. Then, it will explore the challenges edible insect companies are facing to change consumer behaviour. Insects as food are still met with disgust, neophobia and are not considered as a viable food option. Through stakeholder interviews, I will be looking at how these companies are attempting to change that, notably through indirect entomophagy, increasing familiarity and building communities. I also recommend other potential strategies such as increasing familiarity by selling insect by-products, targeting a younger audience and establishing edible insects as a unique food category. Finally, I look at the government's perspective on this novel food, whether or not it should support it's development and how supply-side policies could be implemented to do so.","PeriodicalId":284778,"journal":{"name":"UCL Journal of Economics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115143227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Test 测试
UCL Journal of Economics Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1371
I. Zhu
{"title":"Test","authors":"I. Zhu","doi":"10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1371","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>n/a</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":284778,"journal":{"name":"UCL Journal of Economics","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122273488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Title Pending 1388 1388号待定产权
UCL Journal of Economics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1388
{"title":"Title Pending 1388","authors":"","doi":"10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":284778,"journal":{"name":"UCL Journal of Economics","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123717126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Title Pending 1590 1590年待定所有权
UCL Journal of Economics Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1590
{"title":"Title Pending 1590","authors":"","doi":"10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.2755-0877.1590","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":284778,"journal":{"name":"UCL Journal of Economics","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127282598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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