2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium最新文献

{"title":"Calibration of the SHARAD Instrument","authors":"R. Croci, F. Fois, M. Guelfi, P. Noschese, R. Mecozzi, R. Seu","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4424038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4424038","url":null,"abstract":"The Mars Shallow Radar Sounder (SHARAD) is an HF (20 MHz) Sounding Radar embarked onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) spacecraft. SHARAD on-ground calibration activities have been limited to the characterization of the SEB (SHARAD Electronic Box), not having been possible to perform extensive characterization of the flight antenna nor end- to-end calibrations on ground. Scope of the present document is to define the activities to be carried out in-flight in order to ensure SHARAD products calibration. The calibration needs are assessed and an overall calibration strategy is then defined, leading to the identification of the data sets to be collected and relevant processing to be applied. The document also address how to exploit the available calibration data (from both on- ground and in-flight calibration) to correct SHARAD products, and the organization of the calibration database.","PeriodicalId":284711,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121638712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of SAR image cross spectra from mixed ocean waves","authors":"Jingsong Yang, He Wang, Q. Xiao, Weigen Huang","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4422956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4422956","url":null,"abstract":"A 6-parameter frequency spectrum with two peaks and a cos-2s type spreading function is used to simulate the mixed waves. The spaceborne and airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image cross spectra of mixed waves in different significant wave height, wave length, wave direction and wave component are then calculated by using Engen's nonlinear transformation formula. Analysis based on above simulation indicate that (1) the cross spectra of mixed waves dilate in range direction and shrink in azimuth direction (the so-called azimuth cutoff effect); (2) the cutoff effect increases for waves with larger wave height, or for waves with shorter wave length, or for waves propagating closer the azimuth direction, or for waves containing more wind wave component, or for spaceborne SAR; (3) the cross spectra split into two parts for waves propagating along range direction (the so-called double-peak phenomenon); (4) the direction ambiguity of ocean waves can be removed by using the imaginary part of cross spectra; (5) in addition to the contribution of wind wave part and swell part of the mixed waves, the cross spectra of mixed waves consist of an extra term which leads to an inherent error when using ESA's Envisat ASAR level 2 algorithm to retrieve ocean waves (see the companion paper submited to this symposium).","PeriodicalId":284711,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"51 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114002870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DataFed: Mediated web services for distributed air quality data access and processing.","authors":"Rudolf B. Husar, K. Hoijarvi","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423730","url":null,"abstract":"This is a report on the federated data system,DataFed for distributed air quality data. Data sources are federated by applying a universal, multi-dimensional data model. The physical and semantic homogenization is accomplished by wrapper services. Data processing is performed through web services, which themselves can be distributed. Data processing applications are created by the composition of the distributed service components. International Standards and Protocols are used to establish interoperability of the service components. In this work we have adapted the OGC Web services as a standard protocol for air quality data access. This report summarizes our experiences with the OGC W*S based service composition. It includes the results of our participation in the GALEON (geo-interface to atmosphere,land,earth,ocean netCDF) Interoperability experiment.","PeriodicalId":284711,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114801195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a GeoSTAR science mission","authors":"B. Lambrigtsen, A. Tanner, T. Gaier, P. Kangaslahti, Shannon T. Brown","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4424041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4424041","url":null,"abstract":"The geostationary synthetic thinned aperture radiometer (GeoSTAR) is a new instrument design that has been under development at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the form of a proof-of-concept prototype. It is intended to fill a serious gap in our Earth remote sensing capabilities - namely the lack of a microwave atmospheric sounder in geostationary orbit. Such sensors have long been part of low-earth-orbiting (LEO) operational weather satellites and research satellites and have had a major impact ranging from numerical weather prediction to climate research. A similar capability in GEO is highly desired because of the advantageous observing point GEO offers, with continuous views of the entire visible Earth disc - crucial for the observation of hurricanes and other rapidly evolving atmospheric phenomena. GEO also enables full resolution of the diurnal cycle, which is particularly important in the study of atmospheric processes and climate variability where clouds and convection play a role, since those phenomena are known to have strong diurnal variability and are difficult to sample properly with sun synchronous LEO satellites. The GeoSTAR prototype produced the first interferometric radiometric images obtained at sounding frequencies in early 2005, and subsequent tests have demonstrated that the system exhibits excellent stability, accuracy and sensitivity and performs even better than predicted. This can be characterized as a breakthrough development. The technology required to implement GeoSTAR is at a level of maturity that a space mission can be contemplated. Such a mission is recommended by the U.S. National Research Council in its recent Decadal Survey of Earth missions and is being considered by both NASA and NOAA for the coming decade. Recent studies indicate that it is indeed feasible to implement a GeoSTAR mission in the 2014-16 time frame. We discuss possible mission scenarios as well as the science benefits that would ensue. The benefits are particularly significant in the area of tropical cyclones and severe storms, where there currently is a dearth of observations. With a geostationary microwave sounder it is possible to obtain the 3-dimensional distribution of temperature, water vapor and liquid water continuously and regardless of cloud cover, and atmospheric stability indices such as lifted index (LI) and convective available potential energy (CAPE) can be derived nearly everywhere. That will make it possible, for example, to detect severe-storm precursor conditions even if the area is under cloud cover. Recent progress in radiative transfer models now also makes it possible to obtain those parameters in the presence of moderate precipitation, and rain rates and snow rates can be derived as well. Aircraft based field campaign observations have also shown that a microwave sounder can be used to derive measures of convective intensity and precipitation in deep-convective systems from scattering due to ice particles formed by such","PeriodicalId":284711,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"363 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124292597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TVDI based crop yield prediction model for stressed surfaces","authors":"Chuan Jin, Q. Qin, Lin Zhu, P. Nan, A. Ghulam","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423896","url":null,"abstract":"In the agriculture research field, the main object of drought monitoring is to gain the soil moisture, furthermore to confirm the loss of drought. Soil moisture is one of the most important factors affecting the crop especially for the drought area. Besides, the terrain of farmland also affects the soil moisture and the variety of crop. This paper will indicate the effects of the two factors above and the relationship between them. Agriculture drought research group of PKU has used TVDI (Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index) to evaluate the soil moisture in order to establish a model to predict crop yield, which has been used in the real task of meteorology and agriculture department. Using a special software system established by the research group, the TVDI could be conveniently calculated and the result accords with the real situation very well when we use it to compare with the local observation data.","PeriodicalId":284711,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127600607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping subsurface geology in Arid Africa using L-band SAR","authors":"P. Paillou, S. Lopez, Y. Lasne, A. Rosenqvist, T. Farr","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423396","url":null,"abstract":"Using L-band SAR data from JERS-1 and ALOS, we produce regional mosaics of Sahara in order to map subsurface geology. A first mosaic of eastern Sahara using more than 1600 JERS-1 scenes allowed the discovery of unknown paleo-rivers, faults, and impact craters. On-going work concerns a new L- band high-quality mosaic of the entire Sahara, based on ALOS/PALSAR data.","PeriodicalId":284711,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126380079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constrained-trajectory based GPS/INS integration for reliable position and attitude determination","authors":"P. Ubolkosold, S. Knedlik, E. Edwan, O. Loffeld","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423456","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a constrained method to incorporate a priori flight trajectory information into the GPS derived navigation solutions which will ensure the availability and reliability of the GPS solutions even when the number of satellites reduces to less than four. Moreover, we fuse the navigation solutions derived from the proposed constrained method with those obtained from the inertial navigation system (INS) in order to fully gain their complementary features of both systems. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme provides the complete 6 degree-of-freedom (DoF) state at high data rate with only two satellites required.","PeriodicalId":284711,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126218908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A machine learning approach for finding hyperspectral endmembers","authors":"A. Banerjee, P. Burlina, Joshua B. Broadwater","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423675","url":null,"abstract":"A support vector algorithm for detecting endmembers in a hyperspectral image is introduced. It is a novel method for finding the spectral convexities in a high-dimensional space which addresses several limitations of previous endmember methods. A new approach for estimating the number of endmembers using rate-distortion theory is also presented. It is based upon the observation that the endmembers form a set of basis vectors for the hyperspectral datacube using the linear mixture model. The result is a fully-automatic method for endmember detection. Experimental results using the Cuprite datacube are presented.","PeriodicalId":284711,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126514644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperspectral data classification using RVM with pre-segmentation and RANSAC","authors":"B. Demir, S. Ertürk","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423161","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance vector machines (RVMs) and support vector machines (SVMs) are known to outperform classical supervised classification algorithms. RVMs have some advantages compared to SVMs, the most important being more sparsity. This paper presents hyperspectral image classification based on relevance vector machines with two different unsupervised segmentation methods as well as RANSAC (RANdom SAmple Consencus) applied before RVM classification. Compression is achieved using k-means or phase correlation based unsupervised segmentation, or using RANSAC cross-validation before the RVM classification step. Approximately the same hyperspectral data classification accuracy can be obtained with a smaller relevance vector rate and faster training time for the proposed pre-segmented RVM classification approach compared with direct RVM classification. The proposed approach can be used to improve the sparsity of RVM classification even further, and is particularly suitable for low-complexity applications.","PeriodicalId":284711,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126531272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subaperture analysis of polarimetric SAR imagery","authors":"J. Kelly, T. Ainsworth, Jong-Sen Lee","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4424031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4424031","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we investigate the nonstationary behavior of individual polarimetric parameters, e.g. entropy, anisotropy, alpha angle, orientation angle, helicity, etc. We distinguish between parameters that depend solely on the eigenvalues of the standard Cloude-Pottier polarimetric decomposition (span, entropy and anisotropy) and the others that depend on the scattering mechanisms, i.e. the Cloude-Pottier eigenvectors. After producing a series of azimuth subaperture polarimetric images, we apply the polarimetric decomposition to each subaperture frame and identify subaperture frames that show nonstationary scattering. Comparison of several specific targets, both discrete and distributed, will highlight aspects of polarimetric variability with respect to the SAR view angle. We illustrate our results using EMISAR L-band polarimetric SAR data.","PeriodicalId":284711,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126539791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}