{"title":"Improved linear transmission line model for rectangular, circular and triangular microstrip antennas","authors":"S. Babu, I. Singh, G. Kumar","doi":"10.1109/APS.1997.631536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1997.631536","url":null,"abstract":"The linear transmission line (LTL) model had been reported for calculating the admittance of a linearly polarized arbitrary shaped patch antenna with symmetrical geometry and constant thickness. In this method, the patch is divided into very small sections along the feed axis length and the width for each section is calculated. However, when this model was simulated and compared for various reported results on rectangular microstrip antennas (RMSA) and circular microstrip antennas (CMSA), an error of around 10% was observed. We propose the following modifications for the reported LTL model. (1) The effective dimensions of the antennas are used instead of physical dimensions to account for the fringing fields. (2) The effective permittivity expression is used to account for the dispersion effect. (3) The characteristic impedance equation was modified to account for the dispersion effect. (4) The effect of probe inductance is taken into account. After incorporating these modifications, the analysis was carried out for the RMSA, CMSA and the equilateral triangular microstrip antenna.","PeriodicalId":283897,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 1997. Digest","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126773211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computation of propagation in adiabatically tapered dielectric structures based on eigenfunction expansions: application to (active) optical devices","authors":"F. Causa, J. Sarma, M. Milani","doi":"10.1109/APS.1997.631573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1997.631573","url":null,"abstract":"An eigenfunction expansion method is presented which uses the complete set of Hermite-Gauss (HG) functions to obtain the required solution of the propagation problems and has certain advantages, as discussed. This method may also be considered as a perturbation method of analysis since the HG functions are the solutions of a longitudinally uniform waveguide with a parabolically varying transverse refractive index distribution. Note that the HG functions form a complete and discrete set for the function space of interest namely that corresponding to square integrable functions. As a proof of its effectiveness the HG function expansion method is applied to analyse the fields in a variety of longitudinally non-uniform passive devices. The extension of this approach to the to the analysis of active optical devices requires a self-consistent solution to be determined to take into account both the non-uniform device geometry and the non-linear interaction of the optical field with the inversion population distribution in the device. Further, compactness of the analysis scheme for the overall model is achieved by demonstrating that the HG method is also very effective in solving the carrier diffusion equation. In addition, the merits of the collocation numerical procedure have been utilised to reduce the complexity of the formalism.","PeriodicalId":283897,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 1997. Digest","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121410375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using periodicity to control spectral characteristics of an array of narrow slots","authors":"J. A. Reed, D. Byrne","doi":"10.1109/APS.1997.625448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1997.625448","url":null,"abstract":"We consider a frequency selective surface (FSS) consisting of a thin perfectly conducting sheet periodically perforated with narrow slot apertures. For wavelengths greater than the periodicity, such a surface performs similarly to a bandpass filter since the periodic elements within the FSS possess resonance characteristics. The effects on the spectral characteristics of varying the periodicity of a narrow slot array (or its complementary dipole array) was studied by Ott et al. (1967) and Munk et al. (1971). By changing the periodicity, they found it possible to change the location of the resonant wavelength and the bandpass width of the transmission/reflection spectrum. With advances in computational technology, we are able to study these effects of periodicity in narrow slot arrays in much more detail. In this study we used the methods described by Chen (1970) to predict the spectral characteristics of narrow slot arrays designed for use in the middle infrared spectral region. An algorithm was written in FORTRAN for use on either a PC or workstation. Although our work presented is limited to a normally incident plane wave, the approach can be extended to the case of oblique incidence.","PeriodicalId":283897,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 1997. Digest","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126052830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical method of calculation propagation electromagnetic wave in random discrete media","authors":"V. Spitsyn","doi":"10.1109/APS.1997.630215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1997.630215","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we consider the stochastic modeling of propagating waves in turbulently flowing liquid, gas and plasma. The problem of propagation of waves through flows with nonhomogeneous profiles of velocity and concentration of turbulence is solved. We consider multiple scattering of electromagnetic waves on the inside surfaces of turbulent bodies of revolution: cones and paraboloids. The results of calculations are compared with experimental data by ultrasonic and electromagnetic sounding of the turbulent flowing water and plasma. We consider the transfer of signals in an oscillator neural network with stochastic connections. This is the investigation of synchronization of an oscillator neural network by an external electromagnetic field.","PeriodicalId":283897,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 1997. Digest","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126619645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Propagation within fractal composite systems with strong permittivity fluctuations","authors":"W. Merrill, N. Alexopoulos","doi":"10.1109/APS.1997.625526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1997.625526","url":null,"abstract":"In random complex composite systems such as a forest environment or a composite mixture, at volume fractions or biomass levels near the percolation threshold fractal or self similar behavior will be seen over a large scale. To describe the propagation of an electromagnetic wave through these systems an extension of the treatment of Tsang and Kong (1981) of the average field in an infinite, random medium, with strong permittivity fluctuations is considered, with scattering clusters whose correlation function is fractal from a minimum inclusion size a/sub 0/ up to a much larger scale. The case investigated is of a spherical minimum inclusion size, with radius a/sub 0/, above the scale of which there is an isotropic fractal fluctuation of the clusters' correlation function, with a maximum cluster size, still much smaller than the electromagnetic wavelength so that the bilocal approximation as described in Tsang and Kong can be used. The system is considered as an isotropic mixture in order to represent a completely random distribution in which no favorable orientations are present in the system. An effective permittivity is presented from this fractal correlation function which is an extension of the Bruggerman effective medium theory to include the scattering size effects of the fractal clusters within a random, composite system.","PeriodicalId":283897,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 1997. Digest","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114081388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effective electromagnetic material properties for alternating wedges and hollow pyramidal absorbers","authors":"C. Holloway, M. Johansson","doi":"10.1109/APS.1997.625427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1997.625427","url":null,"abstract":"We present expressions for the effective material properties of electromagnetic absorbers constructed in the shapes of alternating wedges and hollow pyramids. These expressions can be used to efficiently calculate the reflection coefficient of these two absorbing structures.","PeriodicalId":283897,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 1997. Digest","volume":"17 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114132979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of a feed-reflector configuration to optimize performance in the presence of large central blockage","authors":"L. Oliver, D. Gonzalez, S. Rengarajan","doi":"10.1109/APS.1997.631854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1997.631854","url":null,"abstract":"In the case of an existing antenna system, an additional antenna may be required for an auxilliary application. Once a primary system has been designed and developed, available area is at a premium, for applications such as on a spacecraft. Commonly, auxilliary antenna systems would not be considered due to large blockage resulting from existing hardware. It is preferred that the blockage be kept to a minimum in order to minimize the deleterious effects on the gain and sidelobe level of the antenna. Normally, the size and blockage of the auxilliary system are constrained by the parameters of the primary system and are not variable. In a typical reflector antenna configuration, the feed illuminates the reflector with a given edge taper. This type of reflector illumination results in the majority of the energy in the central region, where the blockage effects are the greatest. In the case where large central blockage is unavoidable it would be desirable to have a feed illumination pattern that maximizes illumination in the outer periphery of the reflector and minimizes that in the central region; i.e. a doughnut or toroidal shaped pattern is required. The authors show sample current distributions on reflectors illuminated with helices operating in the first and second modes. They compare the calculated gain losses for reflectors with first and second mode helix feeds against increasing central blockage. This data shows that the illumination efficiency is comparable for both cases, but as blockage is increased, the gain loss is decreased when a second mode helix feed is used.","PeriodicalId":283897,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 1997. Digest","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116092177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conformal microstrip antennas arrays: a fast analysis for conical arrays","authors":"E. Cambiaggio, J. Damiano, D. Augustin, R. Staraj","doi":"10.1109/APS.1997.631463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1997.631463","url":null,"abstract":"We propose an analysis tool to study conformal microstrip arrays. We present a theoretical approach to determine the radiating and polarization patterns for conical structures. Some interesting results are shown.","PeriodicalId":283897,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 1997. Digest","volume":"249 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115644614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual-band dual-polarized microstrip antennas for SAR applications","authors":"L. Shafai, W. Chamma, G. Séguin, N. Sultan","doi":"10.1109/APS.1997.631634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1997.631634","url":null,"abstract":"In SAR applications two important frequency bands are the L-band, around 1.275 GHz, and the C-band at 5.3 GHz. The nominal bandwidth at both bands is desirable to be about 100 MHz. The authors report the design and construction of a dual band antenna for SAR in which the L band elements are perforated. The configuration is discussed and measurements of impedance and radiation patterns are given.","PeriodicalId":283897,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 1997. Digest","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121057370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Lunar Prospector helix antenna","authors":"J. Loane, D. Tanner","doi":"10.1109/APS.1997.631596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1997.631596","url":null,"abstract":"Fourier analysis can be used to model an infinitely long helix antenna embedded in a layered cylindrical geometry. The source is expanded in cylindrical harmonics over the spectrum (v, /spl beta/), in which each component has behavior exp(jv/spl phi/-j/spl beta/z) in cylindrical coordinates. Due to periodicity in /spl phi/, v is an integer. A current on a helical tape is expressed as a sum over all n of (v/sub n/, /spl beta//sub n/) current sheets, and so produces a sum of (v/sub n/, /spl beta//sub n/) field harmonics. A helix antenna radiating a circularly polarized broadside beam was designed for the Lunar Prospector mission. A metal core keeps the energy bound along the axis to lengthen the effective aperture. The axial attenuation rate was designed by computationally adjusting the imaginary part of /spl beta/, which departs from zero when one or more /spl beta//sub n/ harmonics radiates in the visible region.","PeriodicalId":283897,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 1997. Digest","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116624072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}