ASME 2020 Power Conference最新文献

{"title":"Numerical Study on Renewable and Sustainable Fuels for HPDF Engines","authors":"S. Frankl, A. Gelner, S. Gleis, M. Härtl, G. Wachtmeister","doi":"10.1115/power2020-16438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16438","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Renewable and sustainable fuels (based on electricity) will play a key role in future scenarios for power supply. Enabling storage and distribution of local and temporal fluctuations of renewable energies, different e-fuels with varying production processes and characteristics get interesting for different locations. For reconversion of the chemical energy, a fuel-flexible internal combustion engine with a High Pressure Dual Fuel (HPDF) combustion process is suitable for different e-fuels. As the combustion process is the main influence on emissions, combustion behavior of the studied fuels hydrogen, methane, methanol and ammonia, ignited by the pilot fuels Fischer-Tropsch diesel and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (OME), is investigated in varying fuel pairings. In addition, a review of production efficiencies and important characteristics like toxicity and storage method is given. Afterwards, the application of the investigated fuels in HPDF-combustion is investigated. The investigations are conducted with a numerical 3D-CFD model of a large bore high speed single cylinder research engine. The differences in ignition and combustion when using diesel or OME as pilot fuel are shown and a comparison of the emissions for the used main fuels is given.","PeriodicalId":282703,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2020 Power Conference","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129197953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Extraction Position Under Low Loads Operation of Power Plant in Power-Water Cogeneration","authors":"Weixiong Chen, F. Jiang, Mengjie Yu, Yousen Zhang, Junjie Yan","doi":"10.1115/power2020-16255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16255","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Power-water cogeneration is an effective mode to address fresh water shortage problem, namely low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination (LT-MED) system coupled with thermal power plant. In the present study, the steam extraction position of thermal vapor compressor (TVC) under different loads was optimized to reduce the cost of water production. And then, the thermodynamic performance of the coupled system is obtained when the extraction position of motive steam varies from No.5 to No.7, whereas the power plant load is in the range of 30% THA – 50% THA. The results indicate that the optimal extraction position is not fixed under different low loads of the power plant, it depends on the cost calculation methods. For any method used to calculate the steam cost, the optimal steam extraction position is from No.5 extraction when the power plant load is 40%THA. The optimal steam extraction position is from No.6 extraction when the power plant load is 30%THA. And the optimal steam extraction position is from No.7 extraction when the power plant load is 30%THA.","PeriodicalId":282703,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2020 Power Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130144025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical and Experimental Study of Geometry Effects on Fuel/Air Mixing and Combustion Characteristics of a DLN Burner","authors":"Yan Zhao, Weiwei Shao, Yan Liu, Xiaodi Tang, Yun-han Xiao, V. McDonell","doi":"10.1115/power2020-16371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16371","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Swirling flow is widely used in gas turbine burners to promote fuel/air mixing uniformity and to stabilize lean premixed flames. In this study, numerical and experimental methods are utilized to investigate the effects of burner geometry on fuel/air mixing and combustion performance and to optimize the burner geometry. The premixed burner geometry parameters including air swirling angle and fuel injection diameter/angle are modified to achieve fuel/air mixture uniformity. Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) are adopted to examine the flow field, Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) for detecting OH radical distribution thus investigating the characteristics of the reaction field. Burners of different configurations are manufactured to conduct combustion experiments. The burner with the worst mixing performance can‘t ignite successfully. However, burners with better mixing performance have a homogeneous reaction field with less perturbance, and the NOX emission stays at a relatively low level around 2.5 ppm (15% O2) at the designed operating condition.","PeriodicalId":282703,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2020 Power Conference","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122194848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Realization of a Fully Optically Accessible Medium Speed Large Bore Engine Using a Fisheye Optic","authors":"S. Karmann, C. Friedrich, M. Prager, G. Wachtmeister","doi":"10.1115/power2020-16477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16477","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 To address one of the main environmental concerns, the engine out emissions, an enhanced understanding of the combustion process itself is fundamental. Recent optical and laser optical measurement techniques provide a promising approach to investigate and optimize the combustion process regarding emissions. These measurement techniques are already quite common for passenger car and truck size engines and significantly contribute to their improvement. Transferring these measurement techniques to large bore engines from low to high speed is still rather more uncommon especially due to the bigger challenges caused by the engine size and thus much higher stability requirements and design effort for optical accessibility. To cover this new field of research a new approach for a medium speed large bore engine was developed using a fisheye optic mounted centrally in the cylinder head to design a fully optically accessible engine test bench. This new approach is detailed with a test setup layout and a stability concept consisting of cooling systems and the development of a suitable operation strategy based on simulation and experimental verification. The design of this single cylinder engine with 350mm bore and 440mm stroke providing 530kW nominal load at 750 rpm was tested up to 85% nominal load in skipped fire engine operation mode. The measurements of the flame chemiluminescence of a dual fuel combustion of the diesel gas type present proof of the feasibility of the new design as a starting point for future systematic studies on the combustion process of large bore engines.","PeriodicalId":282703,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2020 Power Conference","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131361400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical Overview and Basis of the Design Section of the NM.1 Standard","authors":"Lorenz G. Vetter, T. Adams, S. Fong","doi":"10.1115/power2020-16165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16165","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the spring of 2019, the ASME published the first edition of the NM.1, NM.2, and NM.3 standards. These standards are for the design of non-metallic pressure piping systems. The focus is thermoplastics (NM.1), glass-fiber reinforced thermoset resins (NM.2), and material data (NM.3). These standards were developed by the Non-Metallic Pressure Piping Standards Committee, reporting to the ASME Board on Pressure Technology. This paper provides an overview and the technical basis of the design sections of the NM.1 Standard. The focus is the basis design requirements for HDPE, PVC, CPVC, PP, and ABS resins. Also discussed are the mandatory and non-mandatory Appendices applicable to the NM.1 design section.","PeriodicalId":282703,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2020 Power Conference","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131561067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Magnetic Field on the Laminar Heat Transfer Performance of Hybrid Nanofluid in a Lid Driven Cavity Over Solid Block","authors":"R. Nimmagadda, Durga Prakash Matta, R. Reuven, L. G. Asirvatham, S. Wongwises, Anjaneyulu Yerramilli, Srinath Adusumilli","doi":"10.1115/power2020-16696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16696","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A 2D numerical investigation has been carried out to obtain the heat transfer performance of hybrid (Al2O3 + Ag) nanofluid in a lid driven cavity over solid block under the influence of uniform as well as non-uniform magnetic field. The geometrical domain consists of a cavity containing nanofluid that is driven by means of lid moving in one direction. This circulating nanofluid will extract enormous amount of heat from the solid block underneath the cavity resulting in conjugate heat transfer. A homogenous solver based on the finite volume method with conjugate heat transfer was developed and adopted in the existing study. The heat efficient hybrid nanofluid (HyNF) pair (2.4 vol.% Ag + 0.6 vol.% Al2O3) obtained by Nimmagadda and Venkatasubbaiah [1] is used in the present investigation. Moreover, efficient non-uniform sinusoidal magnetic field identified by Nimmagadda et al. [2] is also implemented and compared with uniform magnetic field. Furthermore, the magnetic field is applied over the geometrical domain along the two axial directions separately and the effective heat transfer performance is obtained. The significant impact of extensive parameters like Reynolds number, nanoparticle type, nanoparticle concentration, magnetic field type, magnetic field location and the strength of the magnetic field on heat transfer performance are systematically analyzed and presented.","PeriodicalId":282703,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2020 Power Conference","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132907450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements of a Piston Engine and Electrochemical Combined Hybrid System for Unmanned Aerial Systems","authors":"T. Welles, J. Ahn","doi":"10.1115/power2020-16381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16381","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This work investigates the integration of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and a small methanol/nitromethane fueled piston engine as a prospective hybrid powertrain for small unmanned aerial systems (UASs). The increased chemical energy density of a liquid fuel when compared to traditional batteries, along with ease of storage, accessibility, and refuel time make the use of a liquid fuel powered UAS preferable when compared to battery only power UAS’.\u0000 Currently small UAS’ of increasing interest as a research area, as they have a wide application to a variety of fields. UAS’ are currently being used for precision agricultural crop management and water resource visual inspection. UAS’ are a cost effective avenue to survey water resources and track water runoff that is contaminating water resources. UAS’ can be easily automated and fitted with sensors and cameras capable of providing actionable feedback to the user. The use of UAS’ for land management and survey is expected to continue to expand. However, nearly all UAS’ are powered by a typical lithium polymer battery pack, giving an average endurance of approximately twenty minutes. This is acceptable to most hobbyists and for short filming duration; however, it limits UAS’ to only being able to be operated in close proximity to the user. Current power plants for UAS’ are not suited for long duration missions, such as the survey of water resources. Therefore, the development of a hybrid power plant is crucial for UAS’ to be utilized to their full potential as a survey tool.\u0000 This work introduces a small internal combustion engine to act as a partial oxidation fuel reformer, producing high temperature exhaust and syngas. The exhaust of this engine is then analyzed as a fuel source for tubular SOFC’s. The SOFC is integrated into the exhaust of a 3.3 cm3 nitromethane fueled two-stroke engine, achieving a maximum power of 680 mW/cm2. A theoretical comparison of flight time indicates that the modular hybrid system could increase a typical small UAS’ flight time beyond 1 hour. The system is capable of achieving a significantly higher energy density than traditional lithium polymer batteries.","PeriodicalId":282703,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2020 Power Conference","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127855602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Life Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel Fuel Produced From Waste Cooking Oil","authors":"H. Torres, Kayla Camacho, N. Macken","doi":"10.1115/power2020-16240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16240","url":null,"abstract":"Biofuels have received considerable attention as a more sustainable solution for transportation fuels. Used vegetable oil, normally considered a waste product, has been suggested as a possible candidate. Herein we perform a life cycle assessment to determine the environmental impact of biodiesel fuel produced from waste vegetable oil. We present a cradle to fuel model that includes the following unit processes: growing and harvesting, soy oil processing, cooking, waste vegetable oil refining, transesterification to produce biodiesel fuel and transportation when required. For growing and harvesting, national historical data for yields, energy required for machinery, fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium), herbicides, pesticides and nitrous oxide production are considered. In soy oil processing, crushing and extraction using hexane are included. For cooking, typical fryer performance and food production are considered. In order to determine a mass balance for the cooking operation, oil carryout and waste oil removal are estimated. During waste oil refining, oil is filtered and water removed. Methanol and a catalyst are used in the process of transesterification with glycerin as a byproduct. Transportation is considered using diesel trucks. Data from GREET is used throughout to compute global warming potential (GWP) and energy consumption in terms of cumulative energy demand (CED). Mass allocation is applied to the soy meal produced in refining, oil utilized for cooking and glycerin produced during transesterification. Results are compared to traditional diesel fuel and gasoline. Individual processes are examined to determine possibilities for reduction of GWP and CED. Suggestions are made for improvements in environmental impact using alternative or more efficient methods. The study should provide useful information on the sustainability of biodiesel fuel produced from waste cooking oil.","PeriodicalId":282703,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2020 Power Conference","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133891378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Effects of Compressor Inlet Air Cooling on GTCC System Performance Under Different Environmental Conditions","authors":"Duan Liqiang, Guo Yaofei, Pan Pan, Li Yongxia","doi":"10.1115/power2020-16764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16764","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The environmental conditions (air temperature and relative humidity) have a great impact on the power and efficiency of gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) system. Using the intake air cooling technology can greatly improve the performance of GTCC system. On the base of the PG9351FA gas turbine combined cycle system, this article builds the models of both the GTCC system and a typical lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system using Aspen Plus software. The effects of compressor inlet air cooling with different environmental conditions on the GTCC system performance are studied. The research results show that using the inlet air cooling technology can obviously increase the output powers of both the gas turbine and the combined cycle power. When the ambient humidity is low, the efficiency of GTCC changes gently; while the ambient humidity is high, the GTCC system efficiency will decline substantially when water in the air is condensed and removed with the progress of cooling process. At the same ambient temperature, when the relative humidity of the environment is equal to 20%, the gas turbine output power is increased by 35.64 MW, with an increase of 16.32%, and the combined cycle output power is increased by 39.57 MW, with an increase of 11.34%. At an ambient temperature of 35°C, for every 2.5 °C drop in the compressor inlet air, the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine increases by 0.189% compared to before cooling.","PeriodicalId":282703,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2020 Power Conference","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133820677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data Analytics Applied to Coal Fired Boilers for Detecting Leaks","authors":"Natarianto Indrawan, R. Panday, L. Shadle, Umesh K. Chitnis","doi":"10.1115/power2020-16912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16912","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Data analytics were used to detect boiler leaks from five different coal-fired boilers including both subcritical and supercritical systems. Discriminant functions were developed that detected leaks up to two weeks prior to forced plant shutdowns for repairs. The leaks were identified to occur at different sections of the boiler for each plant, including waterwalls, economizer and superheater using conventional process measurement data. Leaking conditions were detected with a high degree of confidence (≪ 1% misclassified observations) and were able to distinguish normal operations from those time periods with steam leaks even while operating the power plants in power cycling mode.\u0000 Multivariable statistical analyses, including Principal Component (PCA), cluster, and Fischer Discriminant Analysis (FDA) were used to characterize the leak occurrence. Normal and operational states with steam leaks were provided in the original process datasets. These datasets were split into two different groups for training and validation purposes. The data were sorted chronologically, and every third observation was assigned to training the Discriminant Function Model (DFM) while the rest were reserved for validation. PCA was used to reduce dimensionality of the original datasets. Canonical and FDA analyses were used to investigate the relationship between process variables. The outcome of the analyses revealed that nearly 35,000 observations were classified correctly; less than 0.05% of total observations were misclassified to be leaking, i.e. both false positives and false negatives.","PeriodicalId":282703,"journal":{"name":"ASME 2020 Power Conference","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128933748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}