Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan最新文献

{"title":"ANALISIS DAN PEMETAAN KEMISKINAN MULTIDIMENSI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT","authors":"Yossi Windria","doi":"10.12928/OPTIMUM.V10I1.15973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/OPTIMUM.V10I1.15973","url":null,"abstract":"Dalam konteks kemiskinan selama ini, pengukuran kemiskinan selalu diukur dari dimensi pengeluaran/ konsumsi dan pendapatan, sedangkan perangkap kemiskinan itu meliputi banyak dimensi seperti rendahnya pendidikan, keterbatasan lapangan pekerjaan, buruknya kualitas kesehatan, kurangnya partisipasi sosial dan politik, serta lain sebagainya. \u0000Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis kemiskinan di Provinsi Sumatera Barat menggunakan pendekatan multidimensional. Dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengetahui kondisi, distribusi, dan pekembangan kemiskinan multidimensional di tahun 2016. Dalam pendekatan multidimensional, kemiskinan diukur dan dianalisis dengan mempertimbangkan dimensi non-moneter yaitu: dimensi kesehatan, dimensi pendidikan, dan dimensi standar kualitas hidup. Pengukuran kemiskinan multidimensi dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Alkire-Foster. Metode ini diperkenalkan oleh Alkire dan Foster (2007) yang kemudian diadopsi oleh UNDP untuk menghitung Indeks Kemiskinan Multidimensi (MPI) sebagai fitur permanen dalam Human Development Report sejak 2010. \u0000Dengan menggunakan data Susenas 2016, hasil berikut diperoleh: (1) Kondisi kemiskinan diukur dengan mempertimbangkan dimensi non-moneter memberikan gambaran yang berbeda dibandingkan hanya dengan mempertimbangkan dimensi moneter; (2) Kemiskinan di Sumatera Barat adalah fenomena pedesaan yang ditunjukkan oleh dominasi indikator yang terdeprivasi lebih tinggi di wilayah pedesaan; (3) indikator pemakaian bahan bakar memasak, akses pra sekolah, dan sanitasi merupakan indikator dengan deprivasi (ketidakmampuan akses) tertinggi pada penduduk miskin multidimensi; (4) Secara spasial, Kota Solok merupakan Kabupaten/Kota dengan persentase penduduk miskin multidimensi yang relatif lebih rendah dari wilayah lain di Sumatera Barat. Dari sudut pandang kemiskinan secara umum, kemiskinan multidimensi relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan kemiskinan moneter. Oleh karena itu, pengukuran multidimensi diperlukan guna melengkapi pengukuran kemiskinan moneter agar mampu memberikan gambaran komprehensif dalam estimasi kemiskinan. \u0000 \u0000Kata kunci: Alkire-Foster Method, Deprivasi, Rumah Tangga, Susenas, SDGs","PeriodicalId":282022,"journal":{"name":"Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan","volume":"906 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113982360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Political Economy of the Agricultural Sector in a Review of Development Studies in Indonesia","authors":"Naerul Edwin Kiky Aprianto, Amanah Aida Qur'an","doi":"10.12928/optimum.v11i2.3627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/optimum.v11i2.3627","url":null,"abstract":"During the New Order period, government policy focused on the politics of development in the agricultural sector. The actual result was that the community could directly fulfill food needs independently (self-sufficiency) in the mid-1980s. However, this conducive condition had to end tragically when in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the agricultural economy suffered due to massive protection in the industrial sector and took place through a conglomerate process that laid the foundations of the economy. The history of the agricultural sector during the New Order period can be a precious lesson in building the Indonesian economy. This agricultural sector has been recognized as having an essential role in the national economy, which can be seen from its ability to contribute to the gross domestic product, employment absorption, job creation opportunities, increasing people’s income, and foreign exchange sources. This research uses a descriptive-qualitative approach with a library review design. In this research, it can be concluded that agricultural development in this era seeks to develop sustainable agricultural systems that must improve farmers’ resources and standard of living to be more prosperous. Therefore, the government must formulate a platform or grand strategy of agricultural development policy so that Indonesian farmers do not get caught up in poverty and unemployment","PeriodicalId":282022,"journal":{"name":"Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114506185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumer Acceptance and Willingness to Pay for Prebiotic Kuini Juice in Malaysia","authors":"Norzalila Kasron, S. Baharudin, Saiful Bahri Saari, Mohd Nur Hafiz Mat Azmin, N. Saari","doi":"10.12928/optimum.v11i2.4653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/optimum.v11i2.4653","url":null,"abstract":"Changing consumers' lifestyles and food consumption patterns provide an excellent opportunity to develop the prebiotics market in Malaysia. Therefore, Malaysia is trying to improve products based on local ingredients such as kuini juice developed by the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI). The high fibre content found in kuini makes it suitable to be used as one of the essential ingredients in prebiotic drinks.  This research attempted to analyse consumer acceptance and willingness to pay for prebiotic kuini juice.  A survey was conducted in Peninsular Malaysia, where 400 respondents were interviewed using a structured questionnaire.  Exploratory factor analysis, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity were utilised for objective analysis 1, while the Contingent Valuation Method was utilised for objective analysis 2.  The result showed that 73% of respondents had taken prebiotic juice in the past. The tendency to choose prebiotic kuini juice by MARDI was 52% compared to existing products in the market. Significant findings determined consumers' preference factors, including product marketing and promotion, which influenced the purchasing of prebiotic kuini juice. The willingness to pay by respondents was lower at RM4.10/300ml bottle than the actual price bid at RM5.70/300ml bottle. As consumer awareness of health increases, it was an opportunity for the health food industry to expand the functional food market. However, some improvements should be adjusted to ensure prebiotic kuini juice can compete with other similar products in the market. Government support is needed to encourage indigenous fruits cultivation and to produce value-added products. ","PeriodicalId":282022,"journal":{"name":"Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121533521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lycopene Rich Drink: Consumers Acceptance and Purchase Intention in Malaysia","authors":"R. Rusli, S. Baharudin, Nur Fazliana Md.Noh, Mohamad Nazim Anvarali, Hadijah Hassan","doi":"10.12928/optimum.v11i2.4652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/optimum.v11i2.4652","url":null,"abstract":"This study had been carried out to assess the level of acceptance and purchase intention towards new functional beverages developed by the Malaysia Agricultural Research Development Institute (MARDI). The Lycopene Rich Drink (LRD) had been assessed towards 400 respondents in 4 Zone in Malaysia which is Northern, Southern, Western, and Eastern using stratified sampling. The results revealed that the consumers had well accepted the LRD based on the highest mean score acceptance (mean=4.16) compared to the commercial (mean=3.15) beverages in the market. Taste and color are the most preferred attributes that influenced the purchase intention. The logistic regression analysis had predicted almost 95% of the respondents' intent to purchase. Marital status and number of households are the sociodemographic factors that show a significant relationship based on the Chi-Square analysis. The findings of this study are beneficial for the beverages industry players towards exploiting the opportunity of health additional benefit offered. ","PeriodicalId":282022,"journal":{"name":"Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131805856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Driving Factors of Public’s Interest in The Use of QRIS to Achieve Cashless Society","authors":"R. A. Pramuja, A. Wibowo, D. F. Suhermanto","doi":"10.12928/optimum.v11i2.4656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/optimum.v11i2.4656","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study is to investigate the public’s interest in the use of QRIS (Quick Response Indonesia Standard) in Oro-Oro Dowo Market, Malang – East Java. The market serves as a traditional market that has been renovated by the local government to transform the traditional system into a modern market without abandoning its traditional traits. The traditional system refers to the well-established buying and selling mechanisms, such as the products’ arrangement and layout. On the other hand, the modern system refers to improved sanitation and payment mechanisms. The payments in traditional markets have been done by using cash, but the modern market system promotes non-cash payments. In this case, the non-cash payments are implemented using a barcode scanning system provided by the Indonesian national bank under the name QRIS. Therefore, an in-depth study was essential to be carried out to understand the public’s interest in the use of QRIS or non-cash for transactions in the Oro-Oro Dowo Market. The research methods used in this study were field research and survey. For the data analysis, several theories were applied, namely Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), Theory of Planned Behaviour, and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Then, the theories were analyzed by utilizing a software called SMART PLS to identify whether there was a correlation and effect of the use of QRIS and the buying interest or transaction rates in the Oro-Oro Dowo Market. The results of this study indicate that the three variables of reliability, construct validity, structural model, and discussions related to complexity, the usefulness of QRIS, time constraints, ease of use, and e-learning self-efficiency show appropriate consistency as most of the respondents used QRIS as an electronic transaction system that allowed them to do a faster transaction due to its efficiency and accessibility","PeriodicalId":282022,"journal":{"name":"Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127027137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}