Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future最新文献

Soil Quality Problems Associated with Horticulture in the Southern Urban and Peri-Urban Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina 阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯南部城市和城郊地区与园艺有关的土壤质量问题

Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future Pub Date : 2020-06-17 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90351

P. Ileana, Sokolowski Ana Clara, Prack Mc Cormick Barbara, J. Wolski, R. Navas

{"title":"Soil Quality Problems Associated with Horticulture in the Southern Urban and Peri-Urban Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina","authors":"P. Ileana, Sokolowski Ana Clara, Prack Mc Cormick Barbara, J. Wolski, R. Navas","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90351","url":null,"abstract":"Horticulture is the main productive activity of south Buenos Aires city peri-urban sector. This activity is carried out with intensive land use, based on the high use of inputs, which has generated important pollution and soil degradation problems. Soil degradation processes have their origin in the poor quality irrigation water (sodium bicarbonate) and in the indiscriminate use of fertilizers and organic fertilizers, without considering the requirements of the crop and soil analysis. The results of a large number of surveys in the area, specified in the following chapter, showed salinization, pH increase, structure quality loss, organic matter decrease and phosphorus hyperfertilization. On the other hand, urban gardens are increasingly common, that is, the production of vegetables for own consumption within the urban framework. In this case, the problems are related to the type of soils where it occurs, and they are in general highly modified lands that almost completely lost their natural characteristics and are usually not favorable for plant growth. The results from the cases studied in La Plata city showed that urban soils have low organic carbon content, high bulk density and high pH. In these soils, the horticultural production with agroecological base managed an increase in the organic carbon content and a decrease in the apparent density.","PeriodicalId":281844,"journal":{"name":"Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115841020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutritive Solutions Formulated from Organic Fertilizers 由有机肥料配制的营养液

Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future Pub Date : 2020-05-14 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.89955

J. Ortiz

{"title":"Nutritive Solutions Formulated from Organic Fertilizers","authors":"J. Ortiz","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.89955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89955","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter shows how organic fertilizers can provide essential nutrients soluble to plants, so as to be used in hydroponic systems in its various forms. Such materials are an important source of macro- and micronutrients. This form of plant nutrition can contribute to the sustainable production of food, both in developed and developing countries. Nutrient solutions can be formulated when soluble nutrients are extracted from the solid phase of organic manure. In some vegetables, equal yields, or sometimes higher, have been obtained in nutritive solutions formulated with synthetic chemical fertilizers. It has also been documented that the resulting edible products can be of a better nutraceutical quality. Ions can be obtained by means of preparations based on teas, extracts, leachates, digestate, urine, aquaculture, etc. Subsequently they must be diluted in water until reaching a level of electrical conductivity according to the tolerance levels of the crop to be established. The heterogeneity of the chemical composition of the solutions obtained is the main point that must be attended with the greatest possible precision to formulate the nutritive solutions and obtain satisfactory results. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the concentration of macro- and micronutrients (NO3-, NH4+, SO4=, H2PO4-, K+, Ca++, Mg++, Fe+++, Cu++, Mn++, Zn++, Cl-) as well as the Na+ ion (which is usually at high levels); it will also be necessary to adjust the pH. In addition, the chapter presents a broad overview and a series of research results in recent years: composition of solutions, nutrient supplements, substrates, and floating root trials in tomato, lettuce, cantaloupe melon, and green fodder. The environmental implications of inappropriate formulations are also analyzed. The nutritious solution, formulated from organic fertilizers, is not only an alternative for the nutrition of agricultural crops, but it also represents a more efficient way to use these resources.","PeriodicalId":281844,"journal":{"name":"Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124114353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Application of Nanotechnology Solutions in Plants Fertilization 纳米技术在植物施肥中的应用

Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future Pub Date : 2020-03-04 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.91240

D. Predoi, Rodica V. Ghita, Simona Liliana Iconaru, Carmen Laura Cimpeanu, Stefania Mariana Raita

{"title":"Application of Nanotechnology Solutions in Plants Fertilization","authors":"D. Predoi, Rodica V. Ghita, Simona Liliana Iconaru, Carmen Laura Cimpeanu, Stefania Mariana Raita","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.91240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91240","url":null,"abstract":"Post-modern society is viewed nowadays as a technologized society, where the great solutions to human problems can be solved by the progress of technology in economics from classical industry to communications. In the last years, nanotechnology is called to play an important part in the global food production, food security and food safety in the sense that the use of nanoscale micronutrients conduced to suppressing crop disease and the relationship between nutritional status and plant diseases is investigated. Nanomaterials are capable to penetrate into cells of herbs; they can carry DNA and other chemical compounds in the cells extending the possibility in plant biotechnology to target special gene manipulation. It is important to note that the concentration, plant organ or tissue, exposure rate, elemental form, plant species, and exposure dosage (chronic/acute) affect the plant response and in particular the distinct stress response. The complex process of utilization nanoparticles in agriculture has to be monitored to a level that avoids further environmental contamination. The present and future use of nanoparticles as micronutrients is affected by different risks related to nanotoxicity of micronutrients, a problem to be solved by an appropriate and safe circuit of nanoparticles in soil, water, plants and at last in human organism.","PeriodicalId":281844,"journal":{"name":"Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128158392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Implication of Urban Agriculture and Vertical Farming for Future Sustainability 都市农业和垂直农业对未来可持续发展的意义

Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future Pub Date : 2020-02-25 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.91133

Anwesha Chatterjee, S. Debnath, Harshata Pal

{"title":"Implication of Urban Agriculture and Vertical Farming for Future Sustainability","authors":"Anwesha Chatterjee, S. Debnath, Harshata Pal","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.91133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91133","url":null,"abstract":"Urban agriculture (UA) is defined as the production of agricultural goods (crop) and livestock goods within urban areas like cities and towns. In the modern days, the urbanization process has raised a question on the sustainable development and growing of urban population. UA has been claimed to contribute to urban waste recycling, efficient water use and energy conservation, reduction in air pollution and soil erosion, urban beautification, climate change adaptation and resilience, disaster prevention, and ecological and social urban sustainability. Therefore, UA contributes to the sustainability of cities in various ways--socially, economically, and environmentally. An urban farming technology that involves the large-scale agricultural production in the urban surroundings is the vertical farming (VF) or high-rise farming technology. It enables fast growth and production of the crops by maintaining the environmental conditions and nutrient solutions to crop based on hydroponics technology. Vertical farms are able to grow food year-round because they maintain consistent growing conditions regardless of the weather outside and are much less vulnerable to climate changes. This promises a steady flow of products for the consumers and a consistent income for growers. Various advantages of VF over traditional farming, such as reduced farm inputs and crop failures and restored farmland, have enabled scientists to implement VF on a large scale.","PeriodicalId":281844,"journal":{"name":"Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133890946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Urban Horticulture in Sub-Saharan Africa 撒哈拉以南非洲的城市园艺

Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90722

I. Amao

{"title":"Urban Horticulture in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"I. Amao","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90722","url":null,"abstract":"Horticultural crops refer to fruits, vegetables, spices, and ornamental and medicinal plants which are rich sources of vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals. Rapid urbanization and migration of rural populace to the more industrialized city center has led to poverty, malnutrition, low and insecure incomes, ill-health and other livelihood problems. These problems are mostly seen among the people residing in urban areas who have migrated from rural areas. Urban horticulture ensures food and nutrition security, healthy environment and sustainable livelihoods, employment generation, among others. As such, this chapter carried out an empirical review of the state of urban horticulture in cities across sub-Sahara Africa. This is to enumerate ways whereby the benefits of urban horticulture can be specified in the region. It concluded that governments in the different countries need the political will to actualize identified benefits of urban horticulture. The chapter then recommends sensitization of the pertinent stakeholders in countries across sub-Saharan Africa on the benefits of urban horticulture. Such stakeholders include politicians, policy makers and urban households. This is in order to integrate the concept into urban land use planning while carefully considering sustainability of the environment.","PeriodicalId":281844,"journal":{"name":"Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125303764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Nutrients for Hydroponic Systems in Fruit Crops 水果作物水培系统的营养成分

Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future Pub Date : 2020-01-31 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90991

Pramod Kumar, Simran G. Saini

引用次数: 10

Historical Gardens as an Inspiration for the Future of Urban Horticultural Gardens 历史园林对未来城市园林的启示

Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future Pub Date : 2020-01-27 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90350

Ines Babnik

引用次数: 0

Automation and Robotics Used in Hydroponic System 水培系统自动化与机器人技术

Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future Pub Date : 2019-12-27 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90438

Alejandro Isabel Luna Maldonado, Julia Mariana Márquez Reyes, Héctor Flores Breceda, H. Fuentes, Juan Antonio Vidales Contreras, Urbano Luna Maldonado

{"title":"Automation and Robotics Used in Hydroponic System","authors":"Alejandro Isabel Luna Maldonado, Julia Mariana Márquez Reyes, Héctor Flores Breceda, H. Fuentes, Juan Antonio Vidales Contreras, Urbano Luna Maldonado","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90438","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroponic system requires periodic labor, a systematic approach, repetitive motion and a structured environment. Automation, robotics and IoT have allowed farmers to monitoring all the variables in plant, root zone and environment under hydroponics. This research introduces findings in design with real time operating systems based on microcontrollers; pH fuzzy logic control system for nutrient solution in embed and flow hydroponic culture; hydroponic system in combination with automated drip irrigation; expert system-based automation system; automated hydroponics nutrition plants systems; hydroponic management and monitoring system for an intelligent hydroponic system using internet of things and web technology; neural network-based fault detection in hydroponics; additional technologies implemented in hydroponic systems and robotics in hydroponic systems. The above advances will improve the efficiency of hydroponics to increase the quality and quantity of the produce and pose an opportunity for the growth of the hydroponics market in near future.","PeriodicalId":281844,"journal":{"name":"Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future","volume":"1991 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130842601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Hydroponic Systems for Arabidopsis Extended to Crop Plants 拟南芥水培系统推广到作物

Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future Pub Date : 2019-09-11 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.89110

L. Griffing, Krishna Kumar

{"title":"Hydroponic Systems for Arabidopsis Extended to Crop Plants","authors":"L. Griffing, Krishna Kumar","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.89110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89110","url":null,"abstract":"When using Arabidopsis grown hydroponically for gene and drug discovery, a method for translating this approach to crop (and weed) species needs articulation and investigation. In this review, we describe existing inexpensive, frequently aseptic, hydroponic systems for Arabidopsis and compare them to other hydroponic methods for gene and drug discovery in crop plants. Besides gene and drug discovery, an important use of hydroponic analysis is for understanding growth in controlled, enclosed systems, such as during spaceflight and in simulated extra-terrestrial environments. When done initially with Arabidopsis, will these results apply to the growth of other species? We highlight the strengths and weaknesses of existing translational hydroponic approaches whereby results with Arabidopsis extend to other plant species. We find that the existing or slightly modified hydroponic approaches used in Arabidopsis research extend well to crop plants that grow upright about 40 cm in height, e.g., monocots, such as rice, and dicots, such as soybean. However, other, taller species such as maize, or vining species such as tomato, require extensive modification to provide larger enclosures and root stabilization.","PeriodicalId":281844,"journal":{"name":"Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117265270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0