Poljoprivredna tehnika最新文献_第10页

Determination of the service price for plowing Based on the cost of mechanization 基于机械化成本的耕地服务价格的确定

Poljoprivredna tehnika Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/poljteh2301056k

R. Koprivica, M. Marić, Stefan Zečević, B. Veljković, M. Gavrilović, D. Terzić

{"title":"Determination of the service price for plowing Based on the cost of mechanization","authors":"R. Koprivica, M. Marić, Stefan Zečević, B. Veljković, M. Gavrilović, D. Terzić","doi":"10.5937/poljteh2301056k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/poljteh2301056k","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper, using the example of \"Zlatibor Ecoagrarian\", in the machinery ring \"Agrotechnical Center\", the analysis of the operating costs of mechanization and the calculated service price of plowing (without VAT) are shown, all with the aim of optimal use of existing agricultural machinery and renting. The total cost and price of plowing per working hour (€/h) were calculated based on the fixed ownership and variable operating costs of the Lamborghini Spire 80 Trend tractor (58 kW) and the Kuhn Master 103-3T double-row plow. The annual cost for the tractor was €19,004 and for the plough €1,993. Based on an annual use of the tractor of 400 hours and the plough of 120 hours, the price of the tractor-machine unit for plowing was calculated to be 64.12 €/h. This price for plowing is composed of the cost of the tractor 47.51 €/h or 74.09% and the plough 16.61 €/h or 25.91%. In the calculation structure of the total cost of the tractor, variable costs account for 61.08%, fixed costs account for 23.88%, workers' wages account for 6.54%, and profit margin accounts for 8.50%. The fixed cost of the plough accounts for 85.07% of the total cost and the variable 14.93%, excluding the cost of fuel, lubricants, wages and profit margin, as they are already included in the variable cost of the tractor. The paper presents one of the ways to calculate the operating costs of a tractor-machine unit in basic tillage. On this basis, farmers can rationally decide whether it is more profitable for them to buy a new tractor and plough or to use other farmers' plowing services and machinery rings.","PeriodicalId":281326,"journal":{"name":"Poljoprivredna tehnika","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115727749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Irrigation system based on Arduino uno microcontroller 基于Arduino uno单片机的灌溉系统

Poljoprivredna tehnika Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/poljteh2002067a

M. Abdulhamid, K. Njoroge

引用次数: 2

The importance of monitoring the realization of income and costs in the management and business of agricultural enterprises in relation to the introduced forms of internal-control mechanisms 对农业企业经营管理中收入和成本的实现进行监控的重要性与引入内部控制机制的形式有关

Poljoprivredna tehnika Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/poljteh2302045b

B. Bjelica, O. Bakmaz, Dragan Vukasović

{"title":"The importance of monitoring the realization of income and costs in the management and business of agricultural enterprises in relation to the introduced forms of internal-control mechanisms","authors":"B. Bjelica, O. Bakmaz, Dragan Vukasović","doi":"10.5937/poljteh2302045b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/poljteh2302045b","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring the formation of total income and total costs is of great importance for the practical operation of a large number of agricultural enterprises. The actual improvement of business decision-making in agricultural enterprises can be connected with the introduced forms of internal control mechanisms in the processes of regular business in agricultural enterprises. This was the basis of the research in this study. For the purposes of this study, the authors performed two two-way ANOVA analyses, one for the purpose of obtaining real data on the movement of income, and the other for determining the results of the operations of agricultural enterprises in relation to the occurrence of total operating costs in the business period of one business year. In both cases, we obtained results indicating that the formation of income and expenses indicates the existence of significance at the level of p<0.05, for large and small agricultural enterprises and established forms of internal control mechanisms. In addition, the authors found that the highest total revenues, regardless of whether they are large or medium-sized enterprises, are achieved when internal control is implemented as a form of internal control mechanism, and the lowest revenues are achieved by large and medium-sized enterprises when internal audit is implemented as a form of internal control. Regarding costs, the results indicate that there is a statistically significant influence of one of the three forms of implemented control mechanisms on the occurrence of costs, while there is no influence of the size of the agricultural enterprise on the realization of costs in business.","PeriodicalId":281326,"journal":{"name":"Poljoprivredna tehnika","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121129156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review of common natural ventilation and evaporative cooling systems for Greenhouses and the Nigerian reality 温室常见自然通风和蒸发冷却系统与尼日利亚实际情况的综述

Poljoprivredna tehnika Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/poljteh2103001i

C. Ikechukwu-Edeh, M. Ndukwu, I. Ahaneku

{"title":"A review of common natural ventilation and evaporative cooling systems for Greenhouses and the Nigerian reality","authors":"C. Ikechukwu-Edeh, M. Ndukwu, I. Ahaneku","doi":"10.5937/poljteh2103001i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/poljteh2103001i","url":null,"abstract":"Greenhouses simulate the \"desired\" environment for successful growth and development of plants. They, by design, achieve this desired environment by supplying the necessary climatic inputs needed by the plants to strive and at the same time exclude factors impeding the growth of plants, hence it is called a controlled environment. One of the common and most desired attribute of the greenhouse is its ability to provide effective cooling to the plants. This paper reviewed, extensively, the concept of evaporative cooling as applied in greenhouses. Factors like Vapor Pressure deficit (VPD), Relative Humidity, Ambient Temperature were also discussed with regards to its effects on the efficiency of the evaporative cooling system. The efficiencies of the Fan and Pad System and the Fog systems were reviewed and compared with their consequent dependence on factors like nozzle spacing, nozzle length, saturation efficiency of pad material etc. The Natural Ventilation method was also reviewed as a \"stand alone \" greenhouse cooling method and as an augmentation to other cooling systems. Factors like rate of air exchange, total area of vents, wind speed, vent opening angles etc. were also discussed in line with their effects on the effectiveness of the Natural ventilation method. The Nigerian Perspective on Greenhouses and its Cooling methods was also discussed with reference to local development of evaporative coolers as well as its importation, its affordability, management, availability and appliance to the Nigerian farming culture.","PeriodicalId":281326,"journal":{"name":"Poljoprivredna tehnika","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126325993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A comparative study on energy use of rice (Oryza Sativa L.) cultivars under mechanized cropping systems in West of Turkey 土耳其西部水稻(Oryza Sativa L.)不同栽培制度下能源利用比较研究

Poljoprivredna tehnika Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/poljteh2203023o

Sakine Ozpinar

{"title":"A comparative study on energy use of rice (Oryza Sativa L.) cultivars under mechanized cropping systems in West of Turkey","authors":"Sakine Ozpinar","doi":"10.5937/poljteh2203023o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/poljteh2203023o","url":null,"abstract":"The study was performed energy analysis of mechanized rice production for two rice cultivars under a region, named Çanakkale, in West Turkey. The indicators are energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy. The cultivars of rice commonly grown in the region are listed in two groups: native and high yield hybrid. Primary data were obtained through field survey with farmer's interviews face to face with a questionnaire in Biga, Ezine and centre districts, commonly rice cultivation areas in the region. Secondary data and energy equivalents were obtained from available literature using collected data of the production period of 2020-2021. Analysis of data showed that averagely diesel had the highest share within the total energy inputs as 46.46% and 45.72% for native and hybrid, respectively, followed by chemical fertilizers with 24.19%, and 23.80%, especially nitrogen. Water input was the third highest share with 11.29% and 11.60% for native and hybrid, respectively. Machinery input had fourth share in total, but it showed similar percentage with around 8.00% in both cultivars because of receiving similar machinery operations. Another high input was pesticides with around 4.00% because herbicides using is very high, especially for annual and perennial sedges and broadleaf weeds. Labour is the optimum level because of cultivation practices are usually performed by mechanical power. Net energy was found higher in hybrid cultivar with 101.41MJ ha-1 due to higher grain and straw yield than native with 84.01 MJ ha-1 . The energy use efficiency and energy productivity of nature cultivar were 2.3 and 0.12 kg∙MJ-1 , respectively, corresponding to increases of 2.5 and 0.13 kg∙MJ-1 in hybrid. With appropriate agronomic measures in rice production in the study area, higher yield of hybrid cultivar would necessarily lead to an increase in energy productivity and gain.","PeriodicalId":281326,"journal":{"name":"Poljoprivredna tehnika","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130268621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global mapper 15.0: A comparative software tool in the design of open channel drainage systems Global mapper 15.0:明渠排水系统设计中的比较软件工具

Poljoprivredna tehnika Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/poljteh2103061c

Chikwue Maxwell, Njoku Chumaraoke, Nwakuba Nnaemeka, Ezedozie Patrick, Okorafor Okay

{"title":"Global mapper 15.0: A comparative software tool in the design of open channel drainage systems","authors":"Chikwue Maxwell, Njoku Chumaraoke, Nwakuba Nnaemeka, Ezedozie Patrick, Okorafor Okay","doi":"10.5937/poljteh2103061c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/poljteh2103061c","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed at computing peak flow discharge using state-of-theart technology for watershed analysis to design a suitable open channel to minimize the effects of flood hazard during and after rainfall in an environment. A comprehensive topographical survey data obtained by Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission was employed in this study. The result of the survey shows that both the maximum and minimum elevation at 61.9 m and 51.1 m, respectively, and the mean slope of the area was 0.012. Watershed analysis of the study area was carried out using the Global Mapper15.0. The result shows that the parameters obtained such as the mean area of the sub-catchments is 1.43 ha, the mean length of channel flow is 99.33 m, the mean length of overland flow is 111.81 m, mean upstream elevation for overland flow is 63.30 m, mean downstream elevation for overland flow is 62.37 m and mean downstream elevation for channel flow is 61.12 m. The intensity duration frequency curve of the catchment was developed and a return period of 25 years was used to obtain an average rainfall intensity of 218.81 mm/hr. The peak discharge was obtained as 2.01 m3 /s using rational formula due to the area of the watershed being less than 80 hectares. Finally, several design parameters for the modeled rectangular channel were calculated. The result indicated that the width of the channel is 0.80 m and the depth of the channel is 1.0 m. The developed modeled channel has a design capacity of 2.03 m3 /s which is greater than watershed peak discharge 2.01 m3 /s. The size of the modeled channel was compared with the size of the existing channel and the result revealed that the existing drain was insufficient to carry the discharge from the catchment area due to its design capacity of 0.91m3 /s. It is recommended that the dimension of the existing drain should be increased to meet with the dimension of the modeled drain and a discharge point (safe outlet) should be provided.","PeriodicalId":281326,"journal":{"name":"Poljoprivredna tehnika","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133760971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Determination of the greenhouse gases emission form of used tractors in laboratory conditions 实验室条件下二手拖拉机温室气体排放形式的测定

Poljoprivredna tehnika Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/poljteh2302025p

P. Popović, Veljko Stojanović, Slavko D. Karic, Branimir Miletić, Vladimir Nikolić, Milica Marčeta-Kaninski

{"title":"Determination of the greenhouse gases emission form of used tractors in laboratory conditions","authors":"P. Popović, Veljko Stojanović, Slavko D. Karic, Branimir Miletić, Vladimir Nikolić, Milica Marčeta-Kaninski","doi":"10.5937/poljteh2302025p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/poljteh2302025p","url":null,"abstract":"Utilization of fossil fuels significantly worsens the problems of global warming due to the emission of carbon dioxide and other gases with the greenhouse effect. Agricultural machinery with diesel engines has its own negative contribution to this emission of harmful gases, because tractors are not only used as working and traction machines, but also on roads for transporting goods and people. In this work, the emission of harmful gases was measured in simulated operating conditions (laboratory) of used tractors IMT 539 and IMT 542, as the most typical representatives of tractors with engine power up to 50 kW in Republic of Serbia. Determination of the amount of emitted gases, carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and hydrocarbons (HC) was performed using the technique of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) with a flow gas cell. In this way, the parameters of diesel fuel consumption, operating mode and emission of harmful gases were correlated in simulated working conditions specific to this type of tractor. The test results clearly indicate the dependence of increased CO2, CO, NOx and HC emissions on the tractor's operating mode.","PeriodicalId":281326,"journal":{"name":"Poljoprivredna tehnika","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116253985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of an algorithm for productive use of the irrigated land 开发有效利用灌溉地的算法

Poljoprivredna tehnika Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/poljteh2102067a

D. Abdumuminova, I. Kravchenko, Yury Kuznetsov, V. Goncharenko, Y. Mikhaylova

引用次数: 0

Practical model for estimating Taro Cocoyam volume based on its axial dimensions 基于轴向尺寸估算芋椰体积的实用模型

Poljoprivredna tehnika Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/poljteh2204058a

U. Assian, P. Tosin

{"title":"Practical model for estimating Taro Cocoyam volume based on its axial dimensions","authors":"U. Assian, P. Tosin","doi":"10.5937/poljteh2204058a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/poljteh2204058a","url":null,"abstract":"Taro Cocoyam is prone to attack by rodents, insect pests and environmental elements. After drying, it is stored to evade wastage. In an effort to efficiently develop storage system, fundamental physical parameter such as volume of the fresh cocoyam with respect to its axial dimensions should be well expressed and modelled for easy estimation. In this study, fresh Taro Cocoyam samples were sourced, cleaned and packaged. Ten unpeeled samples were used in determining initial moisture content (% w.b). The axial dimensions of fifty unpeeled samples were measured and used to compute arithmetic mean diameter (DA). Corresponding true volume (VT) was found using water displacement approach. The bulk samples were grouped based on DA, into seven (7) size ranges. Mean and standard deviation of each parameter were computed. The model was established, verified and validated. Statistical analysis showed that the value of coefficient of determination (R2 ) was almost equals correlation coefficient (r ≈ 1). The values of reduced Chi-square (chc 2 ), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean bias error (MBE) were not that high. The values of coefficient of residual mass (CRM) and modelling efficiency (EF) were almost perfect. Therefore, the model established is practically good for estimating volume of Taro Cocoyam which could find application in the design of feed hopper and storage system.","PeriodicalId":281326,"journal":{"name":"Poljoprivredna tehnika","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122147933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measurement bridge for large grain moisture content determination 测定大粮食含水率的测量桥架

Poljoprivredna tehnika Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/poljteh2002079a

M. Al-Rawi

引用次数: 0