Basic & Clinical Cancer Research最新文献

{"title":"Protocol for Dealing with Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers in the COVID-19 Outbreak in Cancer Institute of Tehran University of Medical Sciences","authors":"Athena Farahzadi, H. Mahmoodzadeh, F. Hadjilooei, Seyed Rouhollah Miri, Parham khoshdani farahani","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i3.11399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i3.11399","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the novel COVID-19 infection a pandemic. Among high-risk patients infected by the virus, upper gastrointestinal cancer patients, similar to other immunosuppressed patients, are vulnerable to developing more severe infections. Most of the routine activities of medical centers, especially cancer surgery centers worldwide, are affected by the epidemic. Thus, some modifications are needed to adjust international protocols to deal with upper gastrointestinal cancers worldwide. \u0000Methods: The headings of upper gastrointestinal cancer management protocols have been discussed among the university-affiliated professors in different disciplines involved in upper gastrointestinal cancer management at the first peak of COVID-19 in Iran in March 2020. The discussions were done through an interactive application (WhatsApp and Telegram) in which participants considered the headlines and the latest news about COVID-19. Under each heading, we provide the consensus of all members in the related disciplines. \u0000Recommendations and Conclusion: All members agreed to choose the most effective and the least hazardous recommendations regarding patients and medical staff in each specialty. The members understand that some recommendations may intervene with the standard best practice and reduce the best outcome that the patient can gain with standard management. Therefore, these recommendations are legitimate simply at the peak of the epidemic COVID-19 situation or the surge of any other unknown situations that we may encounter in the future. According to the consensus of cancer surgery professors in several cancer surgery centers, patients with T1 and T2 gastric cancer without lymph node involvement should undergo upfront surgery. Patients with T3 or more and/or lymph node involvement will have total neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and the surgery should be delayed until the end of the COVID-19 peak. Diagnostic laparoscopy should be postponed during the peak of COVID-19 till after the completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Upfront surgery should be performed in patients with esophageal cancer (adenocarcinoma or SCC) with T1 or T2 and without lymph node involvement. In patients with T3 or more and/or lymph node involvement, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is recommended. Endoscopic stent placement is preferred for patients who complete neoadjuvant CRT during the peak of COVID 19 and have severe dysphagia. A PET-CT scan will be performed in patients without dysphagia. In the status of high uptake, surgery is reasonable, but in low uptake status without any dysphagia, only conservation is our suggestion. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127062888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer: Epidemiology and Risk Factors","authors":"Navneetha Sharath Hardikar","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i3.11405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i3.11405","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although not having a high incidence, ovarian cancer still leads to the most common cancer-related death among women diagnosed with gynecologic malignancies. The present study aims to highlight this disease’s epidemiology, risk factors, and the significance of developing improved early detection strategies. \u0000Methods: Articles were accessed from PubMed and Google Scholar without a time limit. Full-text English studies that mentioned epidemiology and risk factors of ovarian cancer were included in this review. \u0000Results: The highest incidence and mortality rates are observed in Central and Eastern Europe, while rates are relatively low in some parts of Asia and Africa. The risk factors for this disease include family history, hormonal factors, nutrition, diet, and physical activity. We also discussed some protective factors. There are no reliable screening methods for ovarian cancers. The most common diagnostic methods include a pelvic exam, a transvaginal ultrasound, and several imaging tests. \u0000Conclusions: The mortality rate of ovarian cancer is gradually increasing; thus, preventative measures are required to reduce the lifetime risk of ovarian cancers and improve the mortality rate.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133263797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison Between the Effectiveness of Group Hope Training and Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) on Hope and Quality of Life among Children with Cancer","authors":"S. Aghakhani, F. Bahari","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i3.11400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i3.11400","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of group hope training and neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) on hope and quality of life among children with cancer. \u0000Methods: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of group hopefulness and group training of psycho-neurological programming (NLP) on the level of hope and quality of life of children with cancer. This was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group. The study participants include all literate 7-18-year-old girls and boys with cancer treated at Amirkabir Hospital (Central Province Children’s Cancer Hospital) and Tabassum Cancer Association (Central Province Cancer Association) in 2016. In total, 60 people were selected by the available sampling method and randomly divided into three groups: group hope training (20 people), NLP (20 people), and a control group without any therapeutic intervention (20 people). The Children’s Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Snyder Children’s Hope Scale were used. Multivariate and one-way analyses of covariance were applied to analyze the data. \u0000Results: There was a significant difference between group hope training and the NLP group. Both interventions had almost the same effect on the quality of life, while group hope training had a higher effect on dependent variables. Results showed that LNP group training led to increased quality of life and hope, predicting 70% and 40% of their variances. In addition, findings showed the effectiveness of group hope training on increased quality of life and hope and could predict 53% and 84% of their variances, respectively. The findings showed that NLP training and group hope training increased quality of life and hope. \u0000Conclusion: According to the findings from this study, LNP group training and hope group training can increase the quality of life and hope. Based on the findings of the present study and the results of previous studies, it can be concluded that group hope and group training of neuro-linguistic programming, based on their basic principles and techniques and changing beliefs and attitudes of individuals and hope for learning, helps children with cancer change the way they react to these events, thus reduce their stress and frustration, and set specific goals for the future that inspires them. These studies show that these psychological interventions lead to positive changes and increase hope and quality of life of children with cancer.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126699626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"18FDG Production in a PET Imaging Using a Proton Flux Produced by the D-D Fusion Reaction","authors":"N. Niknam, S. Hosseinimotlagh, Z. Parang","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i3.11403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i3.11403","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorine 18-deoxyglucose (18FDG) is often used in Positron Emission Tomography (PET). PET imaging is one of the valuable tools used for cancer detection and management. PET growth is limited due to problems that depend on the production of Fluorine-18. Imaging results are strongly dependent on the information of nuclear reaction cross-section data. This study calculates the stopping power, RCSDA, and the simulated and distributed absorbed dose of F-18, in water. We use the Geant4/Gate simulation and the Bethe-Bloch theory model to access these goals. The results of this simulation and this theory model agree with each other. The main point of this paper is the presentation of a theoretical approach to the production of Fluorine-18 by using protons production through the main nuclear fusion reaction D(d,p)T and the side fusion reaction 3 He(d,p)4 He uses helium-3 as a catalyzed.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128580567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induction of programmed cell death in lung cancer cells by secondary metabolites of Nocardia carnea UTMC 863 as soil actinomycetes","authors":"Tohid Moradi Gardeshi, Rahil Norbakhsh, Soheila Khaksari, Zahra Boroughani","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i3.11401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i3.11401","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Apoptosis induction is one of the effective mechanisms in cancer therapy. So far, various natural sources have been identified for inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. This study proposed identifying promising active drug pharmacophores of soil actinomycetes with the capability of apoptosis induction in A549 cells, a human alveolar adenocarcinoma cell line. \u0000Methods: The crude extract of Nocardia carnea UTMC 863 was obtained from UTBC (University of Tehran Biocompound Collection). After 48 hours of exposure, cell viability, gene expression, and apoptosis rate were determined using MTT, quantitative real-time-PCR, and flow cytometry. \u0000Results: The MTT assay exhibited that the effective concentrations of UTMC863 and doxorubicin (positive control) were 24 µg/ml and 1 µM, respectively. UTMC 863 with a 24 µg/ml concentration and doxorubicin could induce apoptosis in the A549 cell line. Also, apoptosis-related gene expression increased in the UTMC863 group compared to the untreated group (p<0.01). \u0000Conclusions: The crude extract of Nocardia carnea UTMC 863 can induce apoptosis in A549 cells, and it may be one of the promising pharmacophores for cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic &amp; Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127590036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Incidence of Clinical Covid-19 Infection in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy During the Two First Waves in a University Hospital in Iran","authors":"A. Kazemian, R. Ghalehtaki, Saeed Rezaei, Fatemeh Soleymanian, Negin Mohammadi, M. Aghili, Nima Mousavi Darzikolaee, E. Esmati","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i2.10028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i2.10028","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: During the COVID-19 epidemic, concerns about cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy have increased because of the numerous hospital visits, which may increase the risk of contracting COVID-19. We aimed to investigate the incidence of COVID-19 among patients visiting our radiation oncology department during the first and second peaks of the epidemic. \u0000Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included all patients who underwent radiotherapy from November 2019 to September 2020. We contacted the patients and asked if they had COVID-19 during this time and how they were diagnosed. Clinical signs and a positive PCR test were acceptable as COVID-19 diagnostic criteria. We also gathered cancer and treatment status data from the patients’ records in the ward medical library. This study was approved by the institutional review board and ethics committee (code: IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1399.104). \u0000Results: During the study period, 687 patients were admitted to our radiation oncology ward. The patients’ median age was 55 (IQR: 44-65), of whom 424 (61.7%) were females. Twenty-three (3.3%) patients developed COVID-19, 15 (65.2%) of whom were diagnosed with clinical symptoms and 8 (34.8%) with PCR. Twelve and 11 patients contracted COVID-19 in the first and second epidemic peaks, respectively. Even though no patients with skin cancer or sarcomas of the bone or soft tissue contracted COVID-19, the highest frequency of COVID-19 was seen among patients with intrathoracic or lung cancer with 38 times the odds of patients with head and neck cancer to develop COVID-19. Highly susceptible patients were those with hematologic and upper gastrointestinal (GI) and gynecologic cancers, respectively. We found a significant association between intrathoracic (mainly lung) cancers and infection with COVID-19 (P-value = 0.02). \u0000Conclusion: Patients undergoing intrathoracic cancer radiotherapy are at a higher risk of developing COVID-19. We believe these patients should be prioritized in cancer patients’ screening, case-finding, or vaccination programs.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic &amp; Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"53 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123461213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Novel Molecular Biology in Cancer Therapy","authors":"A. Abdolmaleki, Aida Karimian, A. Asadi, Hussein A. Ghanimi, Muhammad Akram","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i2.10024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i2.10024","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a genetic illness that develops for various reasons, including the activation of oncogenes, the failure of tumor suppressor genes, or mutagenesis induced by environmental stimuli. This article was produced using PubMed, Nature, Science Direct, Springer, and Elsevier data. Oncogenes are altered forms of normal proto-oncogenic genes that are important for cell proliferation, development, and regulation. The transformation of a gene to an oncogene is caused by chromosomal translocation or gene mutation due to addition, deletion, duplication, or viral infection. These oncogenes are targeted by medications or the RNAi system to limit malignant cell development. Various molecular biology methods for cancer detection and treatment have been developed, including targeting cancer stem cell pathways for cancer therapy, retroviral therapy, oncogene silencing, and alterations in tumor suppressor genes. Among all the techniques used, RNAi, zinc finger nucleases, and CRISPR have a greater chance of reaching a cancer-free planet.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic &amp; Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124282581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticancer Effects of Copper (II) Hydrazone Schiff Base Complex: A review","authors":"Roghayeh Fekri, A. Abdolmaleki, A. Asadi, M. Salehi, Aida Karimian, Leila Taghizadehmomen, Rehab K. Raheem, Lia Karimian","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i2.10029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i2.10029","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer treatment has traditionally consisted of established treatments such as radiation, surgical excision, and chemotherapy, which can be used alone or in combination. Many therapeutic factors have been extracted from minerals, plants, and animals. The majority of them have been synthesized in the lab, making them a valuable source of innovation pharmacologically. A growing interest in metal complexes in cancer treatment is due to their cytotoxic effects in vitro. The electronic nature of metals, modifications in ligands, and conformational changes in functional groups give rise to the discovery of drugs with different cytotoxic and pharmacokinetic properties. In recent decades, the number of people receiving chemotherapy has increased considerably. Medicinal inorganic chemistry can take advantage of the unique properties of metal ions to generate new drugs. This has prompted chemists to use various approaches to create novel metal-based anticancer drugs with various mechanisms of action, which are significant in the pharmaceutical industry due to their potent anticancer properties. Schiff base ligands and transition metals are the most researched coordination chemicals. Their applications as anticancer medicines are becoming more significant. This review analyzes various publications on copper complexes based on Schiff base hydrazone ligand in cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic &amp; Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122838606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New-targeted therapy for leukemia based on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress","authors":"M. Rahmati, Narges Sadat Ahmadmiri, M. Moosavi","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i2.10030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i2.10030","url":null,"abstract":"The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an evolutionarily conserved adaptive pathway, which is activated by the stress of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ER stress often occurs due to the high protein demand in cells and protein folding errors in several diseases, such as different cancers and autoimmune diseases. UPR is mediated by three primary arms called inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α), protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6α (ATF6α). Given that homeostasis in protein synthesis is frequently deregulated in cancers, UPR plays a critical role in controlling survival and cell death. In addition,, resistance to apoptosis is mediated by the pro-survival mechanism of ER stress in cancer cells. Recent evidence highlighted the deregulation of UPR signaling in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemic cells, so that targeting UPR-driven pro-survival pathways may present new therapeutic benefits in leukemia. In this review article, we aim to provide an updated knowledge on the role of UPR as a novel therapeutic target in leukemia. We first define the different types of leukemia and their challenges with current treatments, and then explore the contribution of UPR to leukemia pathogenesis and treatment. Finally, UPR targeting strategies in pre-clinical and clinical trials of patients with leukemia will be presented.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic &amp; Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130768872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Iron Superoxide and Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles Alone and Combined with Coenzyme Q10 on hsa_circ_0001518 Expression in Breast Tumor-bearing BALB/c Mice","authors":"Ghazaleh Ganjipour, M. Heshmati, M. Hashemi, M. Entezari","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i2.10027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i2.10027","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is considered the second prevailed type of cancer among women. Circular RNAs are a group of non-coding RNAs that play a significant role in tumorigenesis and the progression of malignancies. This study aimed to determine the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of iron superoxide (Fe2O3) and nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles and coenzyme Q10 (Q10) antioxidant against 4T1 cell line and their single and combination treatment effect on hsa_circ_0001518 expression in healthy and breast tumor mice. \u0000Methods: The 4T1 cell line was cultivated and treated with Fe2O3 (50, 100, 150, and 200 μg/mL) and NiO (10, 20, 30, and 40 μg/mL) nanoparticles, and Q10 antioxidant (20, 60, 80, and 100 μg/mL) for 48 hours. Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay. The expression of hsa_circ_0001518 after treatment with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of all single and combined antioxidant and NPs in healthy and breast tumor-bearing mice were evaluated by qRT-PCR. \u0000Results: The IC50 of Fe2O3 and NiO nanoparticles and Q10 antioxidant after 48h was 92.42 μg/mL, 21.49 μg/mL, and 83.47 μg/mL, respectively. The qRT-PCR results showed that combined treatment with antioxidant and NPs caused a more significant downregulation in the expression of has_circ1518 in breast tumor-bearing mice than either agent alone. In addition, combined treatment with antioxidant and NPs caused a more significant downregulation in the expression of has_circ1518 in breast tumor-bearing mice than either agent alone. \u0000Conclusion: This study suggests that the combined treatment of Fe2O3 and NiO nanoparticles with Q10 could be exploited as a potential source for developing novel drugs against breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic &amp; Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128281707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}