M. Liinasuo, Iina Aaltonen, Hannu Karvonen, L. Norros, Beatriz Fuentes
{"title":"Coping with the demands of network management by autonomic functionalities and training","authors":"M. Liinasuo, Iina Aaltonen, Hannu Karvonen, L. Norros, Beatriz Fuentes","doi":"10.1145/2501907.2501941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2501907.2501941","url":null,"abstract":"Telecommunication has experienced a rapid expansion with a huge increase in the amount of users, content, and utilized technologies. Consequently, the management of telecom networks has become more challenging. In this study, we have investigated what the demands of the domain are from the perspective of the professionals managing the network. Specifically, we have studied how the demands could be coped with by introducing autonomic network management functionalities or advanced training. The study is based on an extensive interview material about the demands of the telecom network management domain. We conclude that the challenges of the domain are originating both from humans and technology and the remedies vary accordingly. Autonomic functionalities and training could, however, mitigate several challenges found in the domain.","PeriodicalId":279162,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"215 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132736152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"User experience targets as design drivers: a case study on the development of a remote crane operator station","authors":"Hanna Koskinen, Hannu Karvonen, Helena Tokkonen","doi":"10.1145/2501907.2501956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2501907.2501956","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the notion of user experience, or UX, as an essential aspect to be addressed in the design and development of technologies has been increasingly discussed. In this paper, we present a case study in which we have used UX targets as the main design drivers and focus areas in developing a new remote operator station user interface for container cranes. UX targets describe the experiential qualities to which the product design should aim at. However, taking UX targets into consideration during product design is challenging, because only little is known about how they would be best operationalized to serve the different phases of the design process. Through our case study, we describe how we identified relevant UX targets, how their content was defined, and how they were implemented into a new remote operator station concept that was then tested and evaluated by expert users.","PeriodicalId":279162,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128370715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supporting learning within the workplace: device training in healthcare","authors":"I. Iacovides, A. Cox, A. Blandford","doi":"10.1145/2501907.2501961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2501907.2501961","url":null,"abstract":"The phrase \"lifelong learning\" places emphasis on the fact that learning continues beyond the classroom and formal educational environments, though it is often supported by training within the workplace. Continued professional development is particularly important within the context of healthcare, where technology is constantly evolving and errors run the risk of causing serious harm to patients. This paper considers the case of infusion device training within UK hospitals. Interviews were carried out with staff involved in medical device training and management across seven National Health Service trusts. The analysis indicates the range of training provided by different institutions and highlights important issues that influence how users develop their understanding of these devices. Further, the research indicates that while there is an increasing interest in e-learning as a way to overcome some of the challenges trainers face in relation to time and resources, there are also significant concerns which need to be addressed when considering this approach.","PeriodicalId":279162,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"89 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113986941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flore Barcellini, C. Delgoulet, D. Fréard, J. Nelson
{"title":"Interactions in an online community in ergonomics: from sharing information to comparing practices?","authors":"Flore Barcellini, C. Delgoulet, D. Fréard, J. Nelson","doi":"10.1145/2501907.2501955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2501907.2501955","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of our research is to characterize practices shared in an online community dedicated to ergonomics in order to understand how these online discussions are a means to construct co-elaborated knowledge about ergonomics and its practices. This communication presents a preliminary study of the nature (purpose of interactions, topics) and structure (relations between participants, purposes and topics) of exchanges on Ergoliste, a French speaking online mailing list dedicated to ergonomics. We show that the mailing list is mostly dominated by ergonomists (consultants, ergonomists working in private companies, institutions, students) seeking and sharing resources: information about jobs and resources (documentation, literature, etc.) and experiences about various topics (methodology, trades of ergonomics, specific tools or work settings...). It also opens some prospects for more longitudinal investigations of the contents of the list, to analyze more deeply how the list can be viewed as an efficient tool to co-elaborate knowledge about ergonomics and its development.","PeriodicalId":279162,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133359239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A framework for design of an integrated system for decision support and training","authors":"E. Dalinger","doi":"10.1145/2501907.2501942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2501907.2501942","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a cognitive engineering approach for requirements definition and design of an integrated system for decision support and training for critical situations. Effective decision support and training should be provided not only for predefined, routine work situations, but also for a range of situations, including emergencies and other unanticipated events where decision support can be most valuable. This applies in particular to the case of decision-making in dynamic, complex environments. The design of decision support systems (DSS) should take into account the cognitive demands of decision makers to support them in their work. A DSS that can support a decision maker in critical situations can also be used for training of expertise to handle these critical situations; hence, there can be a large advantage to combining a DSS and training system into one application. A methodological approach for the design of an integrated system for decision support and training was developed using methods from Cognitive Systems Engineering and incorporating the Naturalistic Decision Making approach. A special case of novel or emerging work domains was considered.","PeriodicalId":279162,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124948077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Witchel, Carina E. I. Westling, R. Needham, A. Healy, N. Chockalingam
{"title":"Mean head and shoulder heights when seated: subconscious postural cycles during discrete computerised stimuli","authors":"H. Witchel, Carina E. I. Westling, R. Needham, A. Healy, N. Chockalingam","doi":"10.1145/2501907.2501957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2501907.2501957","url":null,"abstract":"Discrete, three-minute, computer-presented stimuli (designed to range from engaging to incredibly boring) were used to elicit changes in cognitive/emotional states in seated, healthy volunteers. These stimuli did not require the use of a mouse, so movements were assumed to be non- instrumental. Stimuli included films, games, quizzes and music. Motion capture and video analysis were used to detect changes in head and shoulder position in response to the stimuli. Results include changes occurring between the first half and the second half of each of the main stimuli (i.e. arising in less than one minute as the volunteer \"settles in\"); in the second half of each stimulus, there were decreases in head height and shoulder height (i.e. position rather than movement). In conclusion, we speculate that non-instrumental changes in head height and shoulder height may suggest loss of vigilance or diminishing arousal in seated computer-users. Our unique contributions are: 1) discrete stimuli, were used on seated volunteers 2) without a mouse, to show that 3) modest (mm) head and shoulder movements in the vertical axis correlated with 4) subtle cyclical changes in boredom, not overall changes in fatigue. Future psychological validation of tutoring systems with discrete stimuli can use these postural parameters as part of a multimodal analysis of engagement.","PeriodicalId":279162,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125459246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding challenges and opportunities of preventive blood pressure self-monitoring at home","authors":"E. Grönvall, N. Verdezoto","doi":"10.1145/2501907.2501962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2501907.2501962","url":null,"abstract":"The herein presented study explores socio-technical complexities that may occur when introducing preventive health-measurement technologies in older adults' daily routines and everyday lives. Using mainly blood pressure measurements in private homes, the study applied qualitative and quantitative methods to understand existing challenges and uncover opportunities of self-monitoring technologies to support preventive healthcare activities among older adults. Emerging challenges from our study were: rule complexity for self-measuring, reliability of measurements, interpretation, understanding and health awareness, the sharing activity for prevention, motivational sources, the role of the doctor for prevention, older adult's use of technology, the home as a distributed information space, and visualization of health data. An awareness of these challenges can help designers to develop better tools to support people's preventive self-monitoring needs compared with existing solutions. Furthermore, supporting the active and informed citizen can improve older adult's care abilities, awareness and activation towards preventive care.","PeriodicalId":279162,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131436656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An ethical boundary agent to prevent the abdication of responsibility in combat systems","authors":"T. D. Greef, A. Leveringhaus","doi":"10.1145/2501907.2501949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2501907.2501949","url":null,"abstract":"Remote controlled combat systems and future autonomous systems create unprecedented capabilities to control the delivery of military force. However, there is a growing concern, which is only starting to be addressed now, that ethical values are violated as a result of high levels of autonomy and remote control. Before combat technologies can be deployed, we need to ensure that their usage enhances, rather than undermines, human decision-making capacities. To do this, we propose combining the idea of an ethical boundary agent with a partnership approach. The partnership approach is seen as a promising area for improved efficiency in interactive systems. In this paper, we claim that the ethical boundary agent safeguards compliance with implemented legal and moral boundaries. Hypothetically, such an agent prevents human operators from abdicating from their responsibilities. It does this by challenging operators to think critically about whether actions meet relevant ethical standards.","PeriodicalId":279162,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129553988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The environment: a source of capabilities for older adults?","authors":"Fanny Le Morellec, M. Anastassova, P. Falzon","doi":"10.1145/2501907.2501945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2501907.2501945","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an exploratory study on older adults' mobility. The study was based on both observations in a complex built environment (a university hospital), and on an online questionnaire distributed to people aged 50 and more. The main objective of the two studies presented in this paper was to determine the difficulties encountered by older adults when moving outdoors and indoors. A secondary objective was to investigate the resources used in order to cope with the difficulties. The results shows that the main mobility obstacles for older adults are related, firstly, to the salience of landmarks and the spatial organization of the environment and, secondly, to the age-related decline in physical, sensory and physiological abilities. Our studies show that the main resources to overcome these obstacles are landmarks and personnel support in the hospital and Internet, GPS, plans and maps outdoors.","PeriodicalId":279162,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126006423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. D. Greef, Arvind Mohabir, I. Poel, Mark Antonius Neerincx
{"title":"sCEthics: embedding ethical values in cognitive engineering","authors":"T. D. Greef, Arvind Mohabir, I. Poel, Mark Antonius Neerincx","doi":"10.1145/2501907.2501935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2501907.2501935","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary and future technologies are getting more intelligent and connect easily to one another, potentially leading to conflicts with human ethical values. Value Sensitive Design (VSD) is promising for its focus on ethical values but lacks an explicit and systematical elicitation of requirements, which is targeted explicitly in the situated Cognitive Engineering (sCE) methodology. Therefore, a sCE tool was combined with VSD leading to the sCEthics design methodology that accounts for ethical values in an explicit and systematical way. This entailed implementing five requirements and these were evaluated with eleven participants. The results reveal that the implementation of requirements relating to values, policies and design patterns are seen as useful, but require minor revisions. The extended scenario system was not seen as very useful while both visualization overviews were perceived as extremely useful. These results show that sCEthics serves as a structured and guiding user-centered approach towards the design of ethical intelligent systems.","PeriodicalId":279162,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125496631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}