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Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" — PoS(CORFU2018)最新文献

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Quantized first-order phase transition and two sets of critical end point in droplet quark matter 液滴夸克物质的量子化一阶相变和两组临界端点
Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" — PoS(CORFU2018) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.22323/1.347.0172
K. Xu, Mei Huang
{"title":"Quantized first-order phase transition and two sets of critical end point in droplet quark matter","authors":"K. Xu, Mei Huang","doi":"10.22323/1.347.0172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.347.0172","url":null,"abstract":"The finite-size effect on the chiral phase transition is investigated in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. To take into account finite-size effects, momentum integrals are replaced by momentum summations. The ground state of quark matter at finite size is favored when applying the periodic spatial boundary condition for quarks. The zero-momentum contribution is taken into account in the periodic boundary condition, and its contribution becomes important when the system size is comparable with the pion wavelength. When the zero-mode contribution becomes dominant, the conventional first-order chiral phase transition at high baryon chemical potential splits into two first-order phase transitions in small system of quark matter, and two sets of critical end point show up in the temperature and chemical potential plane.","PeriodicalId":278184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 \"School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity\" — PoS(CORFU2018)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128474967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Conversion-driven freeze-out: Dark matter genesis beyond the WIMP paradigm 转换驱动的冻结:WIMP范式之外的暗物质起源
Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" — PoS(CORFU2018) Pub Date : 2019-03-30 DOI: 10.22323/1.347.0092
M. Garny, J. Heisig, Marco Hufnagel, Benedikt Lulf, S. Vogl
{"title":"Conversion-driven freeze-out: Dark matter genesis beyond the WIMP paradigm","authors":"M. Garny, J. Heisig, Marco Hufnagel, Benedikt Lulf, S. Vogl","doi":"10.22323/1.347.0092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.347.0092","url":null,"abstract":"We consider dark matter (DM) with very weak couplings to the standard model (SM), such that its self-annihilation cross section is much smaller than the canonical one, $langlesigma vrangle_{chichi} ll 10^{-26}mathrm{cm}^3/mathrm{s}$. In this case DM self-annihilation is negligible for the dynamics of freeze-out and DM dilution is solely driven by efficient annihilation of heavier accompanying dark sector particles provided that DM maintains chemical equilibrium with the dark sector. This chemical equilibrium is established by conversion processes which require much smaller couplings to be efficient than annihilation. The chemical decoupling of DM from the SM can either be initiated by the freeze-out of annihilation, resembling a co-annihilation scenario, or of conversion processes, leading to the scenario of conversion-driven freeze-out. We focus on the latter and discuss its distinct phenomenology.","PeriodicalId":278184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 \"School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity\" — PoS(CORFU2018)","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115762404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Monopole production via photon fusion at the LHC 在大型强子对撞机中通过光子聚变产生单极子
Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" — PoS(CORFU2018) Pub Date : 2019-03-29 DOI: 10.22323/1.347.0047
V. Mitsou
{"title":"Monopole production via photon fusion at the LHC","authors":"V. Mitsou","doi":"10.22323/1.347.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.347.0047","url":null,"abstract":"The existence of magnetic monopoles, also predicted in some GUT theories, would symmetrise Maxwell equations and explain the charge quantisation. Searches for them are being performed in cosmic telescopes as well as in collider experiments, such as MoEDAL and ATLAS. In this report, we focus on the, least explored, photon-fusion mechanism, yet Drell-Yan results are discussed, too. Cross sections for monopoles of spin 0, 1/2 and 1 for an effective monopole-velocity-dependent magnetic charge are presented. For spin-1/2 and spin-1 monopoles, a magnetic-moment term is included, which is treated as a new phenomenological parameter and, together with the velocity-dependent coupling, allows for a perturbative treatment of the cross-section calculation. We present an appropriate implementation of photon-fusion and Drell-Yan processes into MadGraph UFO models, aimed to serve as a useful tool in monopole searches at LHC, especially for photon fusion, given that it has not been considered by experimental collaborations recently. Moreover, the experimental implications of such perturbatively reliable monopole searches are discussed.","PeriodicalId":278184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 \"School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity\" — PoS(CORFU2018)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123000589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Simultaneous explanation of $K$ and $B$ anomalies in vectorlike compositeness 类向量复合中$K$和$B$异常的同时解释
Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" — PoS(CORFU2018) Pub Date : 2019-03-26 DOI: 10.22323/1.347.0031
S. Matsuzaki, Kenji Nishiwaki, K. Yamamoto
{"title":"Simultaneous explanation of $K$ and $B$ anomalies in vectorlike compositeness","authors":"S. Matsuzaki, Kenji Nishiwaki, K. Yamamoto","doi":"10.22323/1.347.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.347.0031","url":null,"abstract":"We address the presently reported significant flavor anomalies in the $K$ and $B$ meson systems such as the CP violating Kaon decay ($epsilon'/epsilon$) and lepton-flavor universality violation in $B$ meson decays ($R_{K^{(*)}},$ and also commenting ${R_{D^{(*)}}}$), by proposing flavorful and chiral vector bosons as the new physics constitution at $sim 1,mathrm{TeV}$. Interestingly, if the new (composite) vector bosons are quite heavier than $sim 1,mathrm{TeV}$, we face a difficulty in addressing the anomaly in $epsilon'/epsilon$ consistently with the constraint from the $K^0$-$overline{K^0}$ mixing. Both of the anomalies can be addressed within $1sigma$ confidence levels individually, where the relevant parameter space will be investigated by the NA62 and KOTO experiments, in addition to direct searches at the large hadron collider.","PeriodicalId":278184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 \"School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity\" — PoS(CORFU2018)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130934050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 31
Exotic Branes in M-Theory m理论中的奇异膜
Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" — PoS(CORFU2018) Pub Date : 2019-03-25 DOI: 10.22323/1.347.0138
Ray Otsuki, D. Berman, E. Musaev
{"title":"Exotic Branes in M-Theory","authors":"Ray Otsuki, D. Berman, E. Musaev","doi":"10.22323/1.347.0138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.347.0138","url":null,"abstract":"We revisit curious objects in string and M-theory called exotic brane---objects that are highly non-perturbative, possessing a tension that scales less than $g_s^{-2}$ and are generically of low-codimension. They are non-geometric in the sense that they are only well-defined locally as supergravity solutions and require duality transformations to patch correctly, in addition to the usual diffeomorphisms and gauge transformations. \u0000We argue that Double Field Theory (DFT) and Exceptional Field Theory (EFT) are the prime setting in which to examine such objects. To emphasise this, we construct an explicit solution in $E_{7(7)} times mathbb{R}^+$ EFT that unifies many of the codimension-2 exotic branes into a single well-behaved solution on an extended spacetime. We further argue that there are in fact an infinite number of exotic branes in string- and M-theory, many of which fall into a more general class of exotic branes that do not afford even a local description in terms of conventional supergravity.","PeriodicalId":278184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 \"School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity\" — PoS(CORFU2018)","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128622696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Orbifolds and Orientifolds as O-folds 轨道折叠和定向折叠为o型折叠
Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" — PoS(CORFU2018) Pub Date : 2019-03-22 DOI: 10.22323/1.347.0137
Chris D. A. Blair
{"title":"Orbifolds and Orientifolds as O-folds","authors":"Chris D. A. Blair","doi":"10.22323/1.347.0137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.347.0137","url":null,"abstract":"We consider quotients of string and M-theory by discrete subgroups of the U-duality group. This results in what we call O-folds, which are generalisations of orbifolds and orientifolds, and generically involve non-geometric identifications between physical coordinates and dual winding coordinates. A simple $mathbb{Z}_2$ quotient encodes the half-maximal duality web, describing on the same footing the Hořava-Witten description of M-theory on an interval, the heterotic theories, and type II in the presence of orientifold planes. This can be analysed using exceptional field theory, including the introduction of extra vector multiplets at the fixed points. This is an overview of the paper [1], based on a talk given at the Corfu Summer Institute 2018.","PeriodicalId":278184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 \"School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity\" — PoS(CORFU2018)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128264578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
An introduction to nonassociative physics 介绍非联想物理
Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" — PoS(CORFU2018) Pub Date : 2019-03-13 DOI: 10.22323/1.347.0100
R. Szabo
{"title":"An introduction to nonassociative physics","authors":"R. Szabo","doi":"10.22323/1.347.0100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.347.0100","url":null,"abstract":"We give a pedagogical introduction to the nonassociative structures arising from recent developments in quantum mechanics with magnetic monopoles, in string theory and M-theory with non-geometric fluxes, and in M-theory with non-geometric Kaluza-Klein monopoles. After a brief overview of the main historical appearences of nonassociativity in quantum mechanics, string theory and M-theory, we provide a detailed account of the classical and quantum dynamics of electric charges in the backgrounds of various distributions of magnetic charge. We apply Born reciprocity to map this system to the phase space of closed strings propagating in R-flux backgrounds of string theory, and then describe the lift to the phase space of M2-branes in R-flux backgrounds of M-theory. Applying Born reciprocity maps this M-theory configuration to the phase space of M-waves probing a non-geometric Kaluza-Klein monopole background. These four perspective systems are unified by a covariant 3-algebra structure on the M-theory phase space.","PeriodicalId":278184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 \"School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity\" — PoS(CORFU2018)","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121346491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Frame-dependence of inflationary observables in scalar-tensor gravity 标量张量引力中暴胀观测值的框架依赖性
Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" — PoS(CORFU2018) Pub Date : 2019-03-08 DOI: 10.22323/1.347.0064
A. Karam, T. Pappas, K. Tamvakis
{"title":"Frame-dependence of inflationary observables in scalar-tensor gravity","authors":"A. Karam, T. Pappas, K. Tamvakis","doi":"10.22323/1.347.0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.347.0064","url":null,"abstract":"By means of the Green's function method, we computed the spectral indices up to third order in the slow-roll approximation for a general scalar-tensor theory in both the Einstein and Jordan frames. Using quantities which are invariant under the conformal rescaling of the metric and transform as scalar functions under the reparametrization of the scalar field, we showed that the frames are equivalent up to this order due to the underlying assumptions. Nevertheless, care must be taken when defining the number of $e$-folds.","PeriodicalId":278184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 \"School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity\" — PoS(CORFU2018)","volume":"7 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120833166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The Algebroid Structure of Double Field Theory 双场论的代数结构
Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" — PoS(CORFU2018) Pub Date : 2019-03-05 DOI: 10.22323/1.347.0132
A. Chatzistavrakidis, L. Jonke, F. S. Khoo, R. Szabo
{"title":"The Algebroid Structure of Double Field Theory","authors":"A. Chatzistavrakidis, L. Jonke, F. S. Khoo, R. Szabo","doi":"10.22323/1.347.0132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.347.0132","url":null,"abstract":"By doubling the target space of a canonical Courant algebroid and subsequently projecting down to a specific subbundle, we identify the data of double field theory (DFT) and hence define its algebroid structure. We specify the properties of the DFT algebroid. We show that one of the Courant algebroid properties plays the role of the strong constraint in the context of DFT. The DFT algebroid is a special example when properties of a Courant algebroid are relaxed in a specific and dependent manner. When otherwise, we uncover additional structures.","PeriodicalId":278184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 \"School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity\" — PoS(CORFU2018)","volume":"26 5-6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133355356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Event Shape Sorting: prospects and femtoscopy applications 事件形状分类:前景和飞镜应用
Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" — PoS(CORFU2018) Pub Date : 2019-02-24 DOI: 10.22323/1.347.0194
J. Cimerman, Boris Tom'avsik
{"title":"Event Shape Sorting: prospects and femtoscopy applications","authors":"J. Cimerman, Boris Tom'avsik","doi":"10.22323/1.347.0194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.347.0194","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate the use of Event Shape Sorting in femtoscopy. The method allows to select events with similar distributions if hadrons in azimuthal angle. We show that also their correlation radii exhibit interesting dependence on azimuthal angle with anisotropies of different orders visible at the same time. We further demonstrate such features of the hadron distribution which can be hardly recognised by Event Shape Engineering, but shows up in Event Shape Sorting. Finally, the influence of statistical fluctuations on sorting is investigated.","PeriodicalId":278184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Corfu Summer Institute 2018 \"School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity\" — PoS(CORFU2018)","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133988732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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