Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences最新文献

{"title":"The Influence of Code Retrieval from the Web on Programmer’s Skills, Meth-odologies, and Coding Behaviors","authors":"A. O. Mohammed, Ziad A. Abdelnabi, Abdalmunam Abdalla","doi":"10.54172/mjsc.v36i2.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v36i2.66","url":null,"abstract":"The development of software projects consists of several stages, such as analysis and design. It also requires a set of skills that the software developer can use to work on the project, such as specifying the requirements and writing code. Developers usually search for source code on the internet for remix and reuse in software production. This paper aims to investigate the influence and effect of code retrieved from the web on programmers’ views, decisions, and skills. A questionnaire instrument was designed and distributed to programmers for their feedback. As a result, we were able to address some points and achieved a better understanding of the interaction between programmers and the code from the web, especially the code from programming forums such as Stack Over Flow.","PeriodicalId":276609,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133875933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pH, Sucrose Concentrations and Medium States on in vitro Root-ing of Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L) Merr) cv Queen","authors":"A. M. Hamad","doi":"10.54172/mjsc.v36i2.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v36i2.54","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of medium states (liquid, semi solid, solid), pH (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5) and sucrose concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40 g/l) on in vitro rooting of pineapple cultured in full strength MS enriched with IBA at 0.5 mg/l were investigated. According to average overall sucrose concentrations, overall pH adjustments, and at each combination of equal sucrose and pH, liquid medium was always super than solid and semisolid. The tallest plantlets (66 to 71 mm) obtained in liquid medium enriched with sucrose at 10 and 20 g/l both adjusted to pH 6.0; sucrose at 20 g/l and adjusted to pH 6.5 and sucrose at 30 g/l and adjusted to pH 5.0. All of the above combinations except sucrose at 20 and pH 6.0  resulted in 100% rooting. Sucrose at 30 g/l and pH 5.0 resulted in two times more (11 roots per shoot) and three times longer roots (39 mm) than the other treatments (5 roots each about 14 mm long). Each rooting parameter had different optimum combinations of medium state, sucrose and pH adjustment. For any parameter, proper pH adjustment could reduce the optimal sucrose enrichment from 30 to 20 and even to 10 g/l. Hence, pH adjustment is suggested as an important approach for reduction of in vitro rooting medium cost.","PeriodicalId":276609,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132383440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Dietary Protein Levels on Survival Rate and Growth Per-formance of Guppy (Poecilia reticulata)","authors":"Abdalbast H. I. Fadel, Awad J. Lamin, R. Ali, Karema A. Momen","doi":"10.54172/mjsc.v36i2.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v36i2.42","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to evaluate the growth response of guppy Poecilia reticulata to different dietary protein levels. A total of 72 fry of guppy fish of an initial body weight 0.365± 0.01g were distributed randomly into 60 L aquaria at the density rate of 0.05 g/L. Fish were fed to satiation twice daily for eight weeks with diets containing different dietary protein levels (20%, 30%, or 40%.). The survival rate of guppy was unaffected by increasing dietary protein levels. At the end of the experiment, weight gains (g) ranging from 1.93 to 3.55 were obtained corresponding to 20% and 40% crude protein respectively. The growth performance and feeding efficiencies were significantly improved (P < 0.05) by increasing dietary protein levels. However, no significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed in the specific growth rate of fish that were fed 20% and 30% dietary protein levels. The value of the condition factor was significantly high in fish fed at 40% dietary protein. It can be concluded that a 40% dietary protein level is recommended for guppy fish.","PeriodicalId":276609,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133405393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotypes Environment Interaction for Seven-Week Body Weight of Poultry Breeds","authors":"Rabab Fathi Eldarnawi, Salem Ali Bozrayda, F. Attia","doi":"10.54172/mjsc.v36i2.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v36i2.57","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the interaction of poultry breeds x environment under Libyan conditions and compared with that under a temperate zone for a seven-week bodyweight. Data were collected from the weekly records during the rearing period for three grandparent breeds Hypeco, Avian, and Shaver, at Ghotsultan and Tawargha from 1986 to 2001. Traits studied were daily feed consumption, cumulative feed consumption, body weight, feed consumption ratio, and mortality. The model used to analyze the data for the rearing period was included: overall mean, the effects of location, breeds within the year, the flock, seasons, and the age.  Breeds x seasons and breeds x locations interaction were found in weight at seven weeks of age. Avian showed consistent performance under both hot and cold seasons for seven weeks bodyweight (1308.3-1304.4g), while Hypeco and Shaver perform well under cold seasons but not in hot seasons in Libya.  Hypeco and Avian perform less under Libyan conditions compared to temperate zone conditions, whereas Shaver performs a little better under Libyan conditions.  In addition, Hypeco had lower mortality, which was about 2.84%, compared with Avian 3.0%, and Shaver, which was 4.38% during the rearing period. This study could conclude that the performance of grandparent breeds under Libyan conditions was affected by weather and management.","PeriodicalId":276609,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131006699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Stock Evaluation and Potential Carbon Market Value Determination of Ashaavieen Nature Reserve, Msallata, Libya","authors":"Hosam Ali Aldhawi Ashokri","doi":"10.54172/mjsc.v36i2.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v36i2.34","url":null,"abstract":"This study targets to assign the total carbon stock of Ashaavieen Nature Reserve, Msallata, Libya, as-sisting its potential carbon market value based on different global market sources. Northern and Southern sites were adopted representing the dominant tree species; (Pinus halepensis, Ziziphus lotus, and Ceratonia siliqua). The samples were conducted across the summer and winter of 2020 to get an annual average. These samples were classified into leaves, stems, bark (aboveground), and roots (be-lowground). The soil samples were collected at 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm depth. Organic car-bon content was assessed based on the Loss on Ignition method (LOI). The results have shown that the bark has recorded the highest carbon content rate, followed by the stem, leaf, and root. Also, the carbon in soil samples has a direct relationship with depth in the order of (0-10 cm) > (10-20 cm) > (20-30 cm). Total carbon stock was 870.47 (t/ha/yr) and 1858.21 (t/ha/yr) in Northern and Southern sites. Total tree coverage of the study area was estimated at 91.26 hectares, while the potential carbon market value ranged from 0.72 t0 32.09 million USD.","PeriodicalId":276609,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114061172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurements of Radioactivity Concentrations in Granites and Sedimentary- Rocks and their Leaching Components in Egyptian Deserts","authors":"Salha D. Y. Alsaadi, J. M. Ali, Areej Hazawi, A. M. Al-Abrdi","doi":"10.54172/mjsc.v36i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v36i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Concentrations of radionuclides in sediments and granite samples were determined by γ- ray spectrometer using High Pure Germanium Detector; HPGe, with a specially designed shield. Six different rock samples were collected from different sites: four samples of sediments from Um Bogma southwest Sinai, and two granite samples from Gabal Gattar, the northern part of the East- ern Desert of Egypt, where all samples were subject to investigation. Their samples were selected because the activity before being dissociated in sulfuric acid was less than after dissociation. The samples were dissolved in sulfuric acid with the same parameters of solid to liquid ratio; S/L, acid concentration, and leaching time. After the leaching process, the pregnant solution was separated from the residual, and the latter was dried. The two units, named the pregnant solutions and residu- als, were also measured radiometrically using the HPGe detector to determine the activity concen- trations (Bq/kg) of the different radionuclides of the six samples. The results showed that the rela- tion between the sum of activities of both pregnant solutions and residuals with the originals have different categories. In the sediment samples; the activity of solution+ residual was 72.37% from the original of siltstone, the activity of solution + residual was 90.02% from the original claystone sample, the activity of solution + residual was 92.6% from the original of shale, the activity of solu- tion + residual was 74.07% from the original claystone. In the granite samples, the activity of solu- tion + residual was 130.39% from the original of the first granite sample and 142.3% from the orig- inal of the second granite sample. This phenomenon varied in magnitude due to the different radio- nuclides in each sample. These variations depend mainly on the nature of the grain surfaces in the different rock types and their Pb content. As for leachability analysis, leaching experiments have been performed using sulfuric acid. The leaching efficiency (%) of uranium is estimated by the measurements of the HPGe detector. The result showed almost constant values for leachability. The non-frequent appearance of attenuation of gamma activities during leaching processes indicates that the acid solutions may have led to clean the grain surfaces and thus permit gamma activities of the inner grains to be measured. The treatment of the samples before measurements may have been needed. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":276609,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122611303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical Soliton Solutions to Gerdjikov-Ivanov Equation Without Four-Wave Mixing Terms in Birefringent Fibers by Extended Trial Function Scheme","authors":"Emad E. M. Mikael, A. Altwaty, Bader R.K. Masry","doi":"10.54172/mjsc.v36i1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v36i1.23","url":null,"abstract":"Without four-wave mixing terms in birefringent fibers, the extended trial function scheme was used to obtain optical soliton solutions for the coupled system corresponding to the Gerdjikov-Ivanov equation. The procedure reveals singular soliton solutions, bright soliton solutions, and highly important solutions in terms of Jacobi’s elliptic function. And in the limiting case of the modulus of ellipticity, singular and singular-periodic soliton solutions, along with their respective existence criteria.","PeriodicalId":276609,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121304185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical Cyclosporine A 0.05% for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease","authors":"Naeima M Elzlitni, S. Bukhatwa, Sabah S Eldressi","doi":"10.54172/mjsc.v36i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v36i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Dry eye disease (DED) is a common clinical condition that challenges ophthalmologists. Topical Cyclosporine A is an anti-inflammatory therapy being approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the therapy for DED. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and pa- tient tolerability of topical Cyclosporine A 0.05% for the treatment of DED. A total of 87 patients diagnosed with DED were included in this study. Dry eye symptoms (foreign body sensation, burn- ing, and pain) were scored. As a baseline measurement, the tear break-up time test (TBUT) and the Schirmer’s test were performed for all the patients. Cyclosporine A 0.05% was given topically twice daily to all the patients for four months. They were followed up every month for a period of four months. The clinical signs (Schirmer’s test, the TBUT), and the symptoms scores, were record- ed for each visit. The mean age of the patients was 57.25±9.70 years (Range 32 - 80 years); 25 males (28.7%) and 62 females (71.3%). Out of them, 23 (26.4%) cases had Sjögren’s syndrome, and 12 (13.7%) cases had previous LASIK (laser in-situ keratomileusis). The symptoms score of the cases improved from (4.95±1.73) pretreatment to (0.40±.70) four months after treatment (P <0.001). The Schirmer’s test results improved from (4.10 ±1.089) pretreatment to (10.80±2.40) four months post-treatment (P <0.0001), and the TBUT test results improved from (5.54±1.77 s) pre- treatment to (12.95±3.12 s) four months post-treatment (P <0.0001). Only seven patients (8%) de- veloped ocular side effects in the form of redness, pain, and systemic side effects in the form of headache. In conclusion, Cyclosporine A 0.05% eye drops is an effective treatment for DED, im- proving both signs and symptoms of DED with few ocular side effects. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":276609,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126278694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Size Structure of Cupressus sempervirens L. and Pistacia lentiscus L. Popula- tions in Wadi Alkuf, East of Libya","authors":"Mabroka A. G. Abdalrhim","doi":"10.54172/mjsc.v36i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v36i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Wadi Alkuf is one of the richest of all the phytogeographical regions of Al-Jabal Al- Akhder. The present work aims to study the size structure of Cupressus sempervirens L. and Pista- cia lentiscus L. populations in relation to their physiographic and soil conditions in Wadi Alkuf, northeast of Libya. Eighteen terraces (25 m × 25 m) were selected at Wadi Alkuf of Al-Jabal Al- Akhder at three different levels (six downstream, midstream, and upstream). The number of indi- viduals of each species was counted while the height (H) and mean crown diameter (D) were meas- ured. The size index of each individual was calculated and then used to classify the population into 7 size classes: 1 m to 7 m. The height, mean diameter, height to diameter ratio, size index, and vol- ume per individual in each size class were determined. Generally, the height to diameter ratio was more than unity for C. sempervirens L., this means that the diameter of these species tend to expand vertically rather than horizontally, while the height to diameter ratio was less than unity for P. len- tiscus L, this means that the diameter of these species tends to expand horizontally rather than verti- cally. The total size structure of C. sempervirens L. in the study area is characterized by the prepon- derance of the young individuals comparing with the old ones, while that of P. lentiscus L. showed a reverse pattern (i.e., preponderance of mature individual compared with the young ones). Five forms of size distributions along the different elevations were recognized: more or less inverse J- shaped distribution, positively skewed distribution, bell-shaped distribution, more or less J-shaped distribution, and more or less stationary size distribution biased to large size. The study’s results show that density histograms of size distributions are good indicators of future trends in population numbers for the studied species. The field observations were consistent with the results of the inves- tigation of soil properties. The soil downstream has the highest values of pH, EC, HCO-3, SO4-2, Cl- and Na+, while that of the upstream has the lowest values except for K+. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":276609,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128035775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"α-Reflexive Rings with Involution","authors":"Muna E. Abdulhafed, Aafaf E. Abduelhafid","doi":"10.54172/mjsc.v36i1.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v36i1.22","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the concept of the -quasi-*-IFP (resp.,  -*-reflexive) *-rings, as a generalization of the quasi-*-IFP (resp., *-reflexive) *-rings and every quasi-*-IFP (resp., *-reflexive) *-ring is  -quasi-*-IFP (resp., -*-reflexive). This paper also discusses the sufficient condition for the quasi-*-IFP (resp., *-reflexive) *-ring in order to be -quasi-*-IFP (resp., -*- reflexive). Finally, this study investigates the -quasi-*-IFP (resp., -*-reflexivity) by using some types of the polynomial rings.","PeriodicalId":276609,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences","volume":"234 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132327486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}