Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD); Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 26th Annual Student Paper Competition最新文献

{"title":"Approach for the Dimensioning of Bolted Joint Connections With Threaded Flanges for High Pressure Applications","authors":"Matthias Bortz, David Fuenmayor, R. Wink","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84613","url":null,"abstract":"High pressure flange connections for LDPE plants are commonly designed using lens ring gaskets and bolted flange connections. The rules given in the ASME Code Sections B31.3, VIII Div. 2 or VIII Div. 3 for bolted-flange joints offer no guidance for the calculation of threaded flanges.\u0000 In this paper, an approach is presented that considers internal pressure and external loads on a flange connection and fulfills the requirements of ASME Section VIII Div.3 and ASME B31.3. Of specific interest is the dimensioning of bolts due to the bending moment with a method that avoids the over-conservatism of the rules given in ASME VIII Div.2 and ASME B31.3. Furthermore, a simplified calculation for threaded flanges considering the stress classification and stress limits given in ASME VIII Div. 3 and using Finite Element Analyses is described.","PeriodicalId":275459,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD); Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 26th Annual Student Paper Competition","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122877948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Flaw Shape (Idealization) on the Interaction of Co-Planar Surface Flaws","authors":"Kaveh Samadian, S. Hertelé, Wim De Waele","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84506","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering Critical Assessment (ECA) guidelines contain amongst others, rules to assess flaw interaction. Major flaw dimensions (depth or height and length) are typically characterized assuming the flaws to be contained entirely within a bounding rectangle through a procedure known as flaw idealization. In (computational) fracture mechanics based calculations, flaws are often assumed to be (semi-)elliptical. This paper investigates the interaction between identical co-planar surface breaking flaws. Two flaw shapes are considered and compared: “canoe-shaped” (quarter-circular ends and constant depth elsewhere) and semi-elliptical. Especially for long shallow flaws, the canoe-shaped approximates the bounding rectangle, whereas the semi-elliptical shape only touches the bounding rectangle at three points (deepest point and two points at the surface). Several flaw dimensions and spacing distances are studied through an extensive parametric study comprising elastic and elastic-plastic finite element simulations. The results, based on Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) and J-integral analysis, show how the flaw shape can affect the degree of interaction. Notably, the inconsistency is less in linear-elastic analysis, but becomes more pronounced at higher (elastic-plastic) loading levels. This work highlights a challenge of comparing analytical and numerical based evaluations of interaction with ECA guidelines.","PeriodicalId":275459,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD); Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 26th Annual Student Paper Competition","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124176781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Piping Deformation to Pressure Pulsation Measurements to Solve LDPE Plants Vibration Issues","authors":"C. Carcasci, Marco Sacco, M. Landucci, M. Fiaschi","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84666","url":null,"abstract":"Damages and failures in industrial plants are often related to vibration issues. Reciprocating compressors are typically affected by vibration phenomena due to the very nature of reciprocating motion as alternating forces and pressure pulsations are direct and inevitable consequences of reciprocation. Many preventive technical measures are undertaken in the detailed engineering design to avoid high levels of vibration, e.g. properly designed foundations, mass balancing, volume bottles, restriction orifices and piping supports. Nevertheless, vibration problems may still arise after a machine is installed in a plant and is started up, and often the vibration is not the result of a poor detailed design of the compressor itself but may depends on the piping and supports layout in the plant. Considering the extremely high pressures involved in the LDPE process (discharge pressure is generally between 160 and 350 Mpa), especially in tubular reactor plants, safety is a key consideration, and avoiding vibrations and consequential piping ruptures is essential for optimal and safe plant operation.\u0000 In a tubular reactor polyethylene plant, high piping vibrations were present on the Hypercompressor piping from the first machine start-up. Despite immediate analysis and small modifications to a few pipe supports, some areas continued to be subject to this phenomenon, potentially leading to ruptures, welding failures and hazardous gas leakages. Therefore, the end user decided to involve an independent third party consultant. During the site survey, the piping system was fully analysed to investigate the nature and the causes of the high vibrations, and it was decided that both vibration and pulsation measurements had to be performed, to obtain a complete and realistic picture of the phenomenon. While vibration measurement could be performed as a standard procedure on this kind of machine, pulsation measurement was a challenging operation since dynamic pressure transducers could not be used at such high pressures (above 100 MPa). Thus, an experimental technique was used. The pulsation measurements were performed using strain gage sensors that dynamically detected the circumferential deformation of the pipes. Information about the internal pressure was derived from the pipe deformation through the well-known theory of cylinders under internal pressure and in this way the pulsation measurements could be compared to the acoustical analysis performed during the detailed engineering phase. The analysis highlighted acoustic resonances that were not present in the project analysis, mainly due to an incorrect evaluation of the thermodynamic properties of ethylene gas, which changes significantly when the gas is subject to the high pressures at which the Hypercompressor works. Moreover, the vibration measurements were compared to the pulsations at some key points and to the mechanical natural frequency of the relevant piping segment, identifying also areas subject to mec","PeriodicalId":275459,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD); Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 26th Annual Student Paper Competition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129535489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finite-Element Analysis of Crack Growth in Austenitic Stainless Steel Under Equibiaxial Loading","authors":"H. Dhahri, C. Gourdin, H. Maitournam","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84156","url":null,"abstract":"The lifetime extension of the nuclear power plants is considered as an energy challenge worldwide. That is why, the risk analysis and the study of various effects of different factors that could potentially represent a hazard to a safe long term operation are necessary. These structures, often of great dimensions, are subjected during their life to complex loading combining varying mechanical loads, multiaxial, with non-zero mean values associated with temperature fluctuations and also PWR environment.\u0000 Based on more recent fatigue data (including tests at 300°C in air and PWR environment, etc...), some international codes (RCC-M [2], ASME and others [3][4][5]) have introduced a modification of the austenitic stainless steels fatigue curve combined with a calculation of an environmental penalty factor, namely Fen, which has to be multiplied by the usual fatigue usage factor [6].\u0000 Unfortunately, experimental data on this issue are rare. In order to obtain fatigue strength data under structural loading, biaxial test means with and without PWR environment were developed at LISN in collaboration with EDF and AREVA [6]. Two kinds of fatigue device have been developed. Within the same specimen geometry, structural loads can be applied in varying only the PWR environment.\u0000 The first device (FABIME2) is devoted to study the effect of biaxiality and mean strain/stress on the fatigue life [9]. A second and new device called FABIME2e is for the study of the environmental effect. With these new experimental results, the PWR environment effect on the fatigue life of stainless austenitic steels will be quantified accurately on semi-structure specimen. This device combines the structural effect like equi-biaxiality and mean strain and the environmental penalty effect with the use of PWR environment during the fatigue tests.\u0000 The aim of this paper is to present the numerical interpretation of the results obtained with these two devices “FABIME2” and “FABIME2e”. Two important aspects will be addressed. The first concerns the mechanical behavior of austenitic stainless steel and the capabilities of the numerical model to reproduce the hardening of the material. And the second concerns the study of the crack growth during the equibiaxial fatigue test.","PeriodicalId":275459,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD); Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 26th Annual Student Paper Competition","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131419146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced High Strength Martensitic Stainless Steels for High Pressure Equipment","authors":"J. Lardon, T. Poulain","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84546","url":null,"abstract":"Maraging stainless steels offer a large panel of high strength materials with good ductility and stress corrosion cracking resistance. Their mechanical properties compared to conventional 15-5 PH and 17-4 PH martensitic stainless steels show much better yield strength / toughness compromise for yield strength exceeding 1300 MPa. In the same time, fatigue resistance is significantly increased at high strength stress levels and material keeps good resistance to stress corrosion. These properties make them particularly suitable for ultra-high pressure equipment or high pressure rotating components submitted to high cyclic stresses. Their application for Pascalisation pressure vessels and ultra-high pressure compressors for ethylene gas is briefly presented.","PeriodicalId":275459,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD); Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 26th Annual Student Paper Competition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115962366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Crack Orientation on Fracture Behaviour of Wire + Arc Additively Manufactured (WAAM) Nickel-Base Superalloy","authors":"C. Seow, H. Coules, R. Khan","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84090","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effect of crack orientation on the fracture behaviour of two compact tension C(T) specimens extracted from a Wire + Arc Additively Manufactured (WAAM) wall made from Inconel (IN) 625 nickel-base superalloy was investigated. Both specimens had different levels of ductile tearing but their load vs. crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) behaviour was relatively similar. The total-and-elastic strain distribution around a crack tip was measured in both specimens using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and neutron diffraction respectively. The results show that the strain distribution and deformation around the crack tip are different in the two directions. In the specimen with crack orientation parallel to the build direction, banding was observed in both the total strain maps and the deformation pattern. Neutron diffraction measurements on this specimen also showed non-monotonic elastic strain evolution, suggesting the occurrence of intergranular load shedding mechanisms. These were not observed in the specimen with crack orientation perpendicular to the build direction. Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) maps show that the WAAM IN625 material is strongly textured with coarse columnar grains elongated in the build direction. The effect of microstructure has been correlated with the differences in strain distribution in the two specimens.","PeriodicalId":275459,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD); Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 26th Annual Student Paper Competition","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134573946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Mode I-II Mixed Crack Propagation in Electrofusion Joint of Polyethylene Pipe","authors":"Yue Zhang, Jianfeng Shi, Jinyang Zheng","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84484","url":null,"abstract":"Electrofusion joint plays an important role in connecting polyethylene (PE) pipe. In our previous study, penetrating crack failure through the fitting with an angle of about 70° was observed, and axial stress was found to be an important factor in the crack propagation. In this paper, experiments were carried out to study the crack propagation phenomena of the electrofusion joint of PE pipe. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method was used to measure the displacement on specimen’s surface, as well as full-field strain distribution, based on which the J-integral of the crack tip was calculated. Besides, a finite element numerical simulation was conducted, and its accuracy was verified by experimental J-integral value. Through combination of experimental observations and finite element method, the phenomenon that the angle between crack propagation direction and tube axial is about 70° is detailed analysed. By comparison and analysis of the testing results, critical J-integral value during crack propagation is determined. Furthermore, critical J-integral value of crack propagation in electrofusion joint is predicted.","PeriodicalId":275459,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD); Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 26th Annual Student Paper Competition","volume":"193 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132054543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation Into Applications of Local Failure Criterion for X70 Pipeline With Corrosion Defect","authors":"J. Moon, N. Huh, Ki-Seok Kim","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84566","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the local failure criterion using stress modified critical strain method based on annex B of API 579 is applied to evaluate the ductile failure of API X70 pipelines with a volumetric corrosion defect. Ductile failure is quantified in terms of strain, representing the tensile strain capacity (TSC) which is commonly used in strain-based assessment for fitness-for-service of pipelines installed in frozen area where large-scale ground movement can arise due to earthquakes, freezing and thawing.\u0000 Based on the local failure criterion suggested for API X70 steel material, the TSCs of the corroded pipelines are evaluated by using the detailed finite element (FE) analyses. The effects of internal pressure and defect size (such as longitudinal length, circumferential width and depth in the direction of thickness) on TSC of pipelines subjected to axial displacement are systematically investigated. In addition, TSCs based on local failure criterion are compared with those based on net-section limit load. The TSCs from the present FE analyses for various defect geometries and internal pressure can be used to predict ductile failure of corroded pipelines and to build the framework for a strain-based assessment for in-service pipelines.","PeriodicalId":275459,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD); Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 26th Annual Student Paper Competition","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116129501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Capacities of Flanged Joints","authors":"F. Kirkemo","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-85088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-85088","url":null,"abstract":"Flanged joints are used in high pressure applications such as process piping, pressure vessels, risers, pipelines and subsea production systems. These flanges are subjected to external loads in addition to pressure. A brief description of high pressure flanges standards is given. Design of high pressure flanged joints are covered in many design codes. A review of allowable stresses, load factors for bolting, flanges and bolt preload requirements has been made for the following codes: ASME VIII-2, ASME VIII-3, ASME B31.3 Chapter IX, API 6A, API 6X, API 17D, API 17TR7, API 17TR8, API 17G, EN 1591-1 and NORSOK U-001. This paper also presents analytically based structural load-capacity (ultimate strength) design equations for flanged joints. The design equations are used to calculate rated working pressure and flange-face separation load-capacity of API 6A type 6BX flanges. Future code recommendations for flange design are provided.","PeriodicalId":275459,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD); Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 26th Annual Student Paper Competition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125986632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Study of Orifice Cavitation-Induced Instability and Pipe Vibration","authors":"W. Bai, Q. Duan, As Arris Tijsseling","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84204","url":null,"abstract":"Different kinds of orifice are widely used as a resistance element to reduce pressure in various piping systems. However, due to strong shear and turbulence mechanisms around the orifice, it is susceptible to instabilities that generate pressure fluctuations and pipe vibrations. Especially when cavitation occurs, this effect can be very strong. The present work tries to characterize orifice-induced instability by means of numerical simulations and assess pipe vibration levels. Firstly, by taking an elongated orifice as an example, the fluctuating pressure around the orifice is obtained by a Large Eddy Simulation with a 2D unsteady model of cavitation. Secondly, the pipe vibration response is studied with experiment. The variation trends of pressure fluctuation and pipe vibration are analysed under different operation conditions. The results of the simulations can provide a good explanation for pipe vibration. A relationship between orifice cavitation-induced instability and vibration is established based on numerical simulations and experimental results.","PeriodicalId":275459,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD); Rudy Scavuzzo Student Paper Symposium and 26th Annual Student Paper Competition","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126024175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}