An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)最新文献

{"title":"Eating behaviours changes during COVID-19 lockdown due to gender and residential disparities amongst university students","authors":"M. Badrasawi, Mohammad Altamimi, Siren Saabneh","doi":"10.35552/anujr.a.36.1.2001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35552/anujr.a.36.1.2001","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the changes in the eating behaviours of university students during the lockdown due to COVID-19. A total of 118 students were invited to fill an electronic questionnaire regarding eating behaviour before and after the onset of the lockdown. Participants significantly scored higher “before” than “during” the lockdown for the item “consuming unhealthy food”. Moreover, “eating snacks between meals”, “eating irregular meals” and “soft drinks consumption” items increased significantly during the lockdown. Male participants showed a significant decrease in eating unhealthy food compared to female participants, while other eating patterns have similar trend. During the lockdown, city residents have significant increases in the frequency of eating regular meals, eating snacks between meals, frequency of soft drinks consumption and consuming 3 meals daily. City-outsiders have significant increases in consuming snacks between meals and significant decrease in soft drinks consumption. Generally, diet intake, irregular, extra meal and snacks have increased during the lockdown. Variations with regard to eating behaviours were dependant on gender. City residents eating behaviour was different may be due to availability of food items and variations in social life.","PeriodicalId":274683,"journal":{"name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)","volume":"23 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120926770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acidic whey as a novel coupling agent for composites based on E-Glass fibers and low-density polyethylene","authors":"Hussein Mushatti, Mohammad Makharzeh, Raed Ma’ali, S. Sawalha","doi":"10.35552/anujr.a.36.1.2005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35552/anujr.a.36.1.2005","url":null,"abstract":"In order to enhance the interfacial-adhesion between short E-glass fibers and low-density polyethylene (LDPE), acidic whey; a dairy byproduct was applied as coupling agent. The fibers were immersed in acidic whey for 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 hours. Composite materials containing 20 wt.% E- glass fibers and LDPE were prepared by extrusion process. The tensile strength and modulus of the produced composites were improved by using acidic whey, and the improvement in those properties was strongly affected by the immersion time of E-glass fibers in acidic whey. An increase of about 289%, 107%, 291% and 721% in modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, modulus efficiency and strength efficiency factors respectively were achieved after 60 hours of immersion of glass fibers in acidic whey. The effects of acidic whey on tensile properties and efficiency factors could be ascribed to the mend in interfacial-adhesion between glass fibers and LDPE polymer.","PeriodicalId":274683,"journal":{"name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115686167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Khoms power station stack emission impact on the ancient city of Leptis Magna, Libya","authors":"A. Okasha, Diab Nasser, Hassan Abu-Arabia, Mukhtar Elatrash","doi":"10.35552/anujr.a.36.1.2006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35552/anujr.a.36.1.2006","url":null,"abstract":"It is well established that emissions from combustion of heavy fuels, light fuels and natural gas cause negative impacts on surrounding environment, including the erosion of antique buildings. This study investigates the effect of emissions from the Khoms Steam and Gas power station on the neighboring ancient city of Leptis Magna, using an air dispersion software (DISPER) to calculate the concentrations of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in archaeological city under the influence of climate variables. The objective of this study is to calculate marble erosion rates caused by the chemical reactions on the surface of selected Marble structures. The study reveals high concentrations of the targeted pollutions on the surface’s columns & status of the city.","PeriodicalId":274683,"journal":{"name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116383337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Zn addition on alloy by 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 wt.% on thermal properties, electrical conductivity and microstructure of eutectic Sn-3.5Ag alloy","authors":"Abdullah Muala","doi":"10.35552/anujr.a.36.1.2007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35552/anujr.a.36.1.2007","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the effects of 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 wt.% Zn additives on the characteristic of Sn3.5Ag eutectic solder alloy, have been diluted to produce four micro alloys. Effects of 0.3 to 0.9 wt% Zn- additions on phase transformation and electrical resistivity of Sn-3.5Ag eutectic solder alloy have been investigated using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Keithley Source Meter (SMU), respectively. The addition of Zn reduced the melting point of the eutectic Sn–3.5Ag alloy and the pasty range (Tend - Tonset) for the Sn-3.5Ag-0.3Zn, Sn-3.5Ag-0.6Zn and Sn-3.5Ag-0.9Zn solder alloys are 8.34, 8.31 and 7.12 °C respectively, decreased from four micro alloys 8.34 °C to 7.12 °C. These results show that the Zn addition is beneficial to decrease the heat of fusion of the Sn-3.5Ag solder alloy This improvement is an indication for property enhancing the mechanical properties. It is showing that the solder alloy needs the lowest energy for melting and it is a useful for saving energy also the resistivity increases continuously with Zn content.","PeriodicalId":274683,"journal":{"name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)","volume":"59 31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116430027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tomato spotted wilt disease in Palestine","authors":"Dalya Masri, R. Alkowni","doi":"10.35552/anujr.a.36.1.2002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35552/anujr.a.36.1.2002","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato is one of the top popular crops in Palestine; infected with several pathogens where viruses are among them. Recently, fruit spotted symptoms were noticed on tomatoes fruits that drastically affected crop’s productivity. This study was conducted to detect Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) as the main known cause of fruit spotted disease. Field surveys were carried through the growing seasons of 2017-2018 in Palestinian tomatoes fields. Symptoms were reported on tomato plants that varied from fruits’ yellow and brown rings and/ or irregular spots patterns. In some cases, plants’ leaves expressed reduction in growth; mottling and/or wilting. Serological tests using DAS-ELISA technique was applied to detect TSWV on tomato plants which revealed an infection prevalence of 1.27%. This study is considered the first report of TSWV in the country. Knowing that the virus possibility of being transmitted by thrips; increased incidence due to this vector, as well as transmissibility through infected propagating materials could raise up its threat on tomato industry. The use of virus resistant tomato varieties is discussed in the study","PeriodicalId":274683,"journal":{"name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127849253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of interpolation methods for rainfall mapping in the Faria catchment, Palestine","authors":"A. Khader, A. Jayyousi, C. Chwala, H. Kunstmann, S. Shadeed","doi":"10.35552/anujr.a.36.1.2000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35552/anujr.a.36.1.2000","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of rainfall data is essential for the prediction of extreme rainfall events, hydrological modeling, and the design of water resources systems. In Palestine, the limited available rain gauges and the available rainfall data are insufficient to precisely characterize the areal rainfall distribution over the entire area. Hence, it is essential to find proper methods to utilize the available rainfall data at the existing raingauges to predict rainfall values at certain locations where rainfall measurements are not available. This study aims at identifying the most suitable interpolation method that can be used to produce interpolated rainfall surfaces at the Faria catchment, Palestine. Faria catchment (320 km2), located in the northeastern part of the West Bank, Palestine, is characterized by high temporal and spatial rainfall variations. Six, GIS-based, spatial interpolation methods have been tested by visual observation and cross-validation. These methods are: Inverse Distance Weighted, Spline completely Regularized, Spline with Tension, Ordinary Kriging, Universal Kriging, and Regression. Available seasonal rainfall data recorded at 16 locations for two rainy seasons; 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 were utilized. Results indicate that the Universal Kriging method has slightly a higher correlation coefficient and lower mean relative error than the other methods for the two seasons that make the method the most optimal one for mapping rainfall distribution in the Faria catchment. Moreover, the spatial distribution of raingauges between the two seasons affects the performance of different interpolation methods in the catchment.","PeriodicalId":274683,"journal":{"name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132169919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of nutritional educational programs involving parents on the children dietary behaviour: a systematic review of clinical controlled trails","authors":"Mohammad Altamimi, Reem Abu Alwafa, Souzan Zidan","doi":"10.35552/anujr.a.35.1.1785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35552/anujr.a.35.1.1785","url":null,"abstract":"Although many efforts have been applied to tackle obesity, it’s still on the rise, especially among children. Recently, many nutritional educational programs have been conducted in schools to reduce the prevalence of obesity and overweight. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate how effective these programs on the participants' dietary behavior and how far their effect can prevent childhood obesity and overweight if parents/guardians have been involved. Studies were systematically reviewed after searching the Pubmed, Questia, and Science Direct databases. Twelve relevant studies involving parents, have met the inclusion criteria, 8 of them had available results. The assessed outcomes of the reviewed studies have included: nutritional knowledge, food intake, anthropometric measurements, and physical activity. Half of the reviewed studies had positive results and the other half has mixed results. However, data showed significant positive improvements in both anthropometric measurements (for girls a significant reduction in the BMI within the interventional group BMI (p = 0.047) and physical activity (Interventional group mean of steps =13,681 compared to the control mean = 9619 and the attendance in physical education class had increased as well in both genders as well (p = 0.003, p = 0.002) in most studies. It was concluded from the reviewed studies that nutritional educational programs can be an effective prevention action against childhood obesity and overweight with emphasis on the parents as a key role. More efforts from researchers, schools, and stakeholders are required to develop and carry these programs on larger scales and inevitably involving the parents. على الرغم من الجهود المبذوله لمعالجه السمنه الا انها بازدياد، خاصه بين الأطفال. حاليا العديد من البرامج التغذويه التعليميه تم اجراؤها في المدارس للتقليل من انتشار السمنه والوزن الزائد. ان هدف هذه المراجعه الممنهجه هو التحري عن مدى فعاليه هذه البرامج والمنطويه على الإباء او المربين للوقايه من السمنه. لقد تم مراجعه الدراسات بعد البحث في المحركات البحثيه التاليه: بوب ميد، كويستيا، سيانس دايريكت. اثنا عشره دراسه منوطيه على الإباء وافقت الخصائص المطلوبه وكان منها ثمان دراسات تحوي على نتائج. لقد تم تقييم مخرجات الأبحاث التاليه: المعرفه التغذويه، الغذاء المتناول، قياسات الجسم، والنشاط البدني. لقد احتوى نصف الدراسات على نتائج ايجابيه والأخر كانت نتائجه مختلطه. وعلى أي حال كانت النتائج ذات فروق معنويه في قياسات الجسم والنشاط البدني في معظم الدراسات. يمكن الاستنتاج من الدراسات التي تم مراجعتها ان البرامج التغذويه يمكن ان تكون فعاله لتجنب السمنه في فتره الطفوله بالتأكيد على دور الإباء كعامل أساسي. يجب بذل المزيد من الجهود من قبل الباحثين وأصحاب القرار على المستوى الاوسع لتطوير هذه البرامج وإدخال الإباء فيها لزياده فعاليتها.","PeriodicalId":274683,"journal":{"name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134075494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the effect of feeding two cultivars of purslane (Portulaca oleracea l.) On lipid profile and lipid peroxidation of adult male Sprague Dawley rats","authors":"H. Takruri, Hasan Al-Amery","doi":"10.35552/anujr.a.35.1.1783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35552/anujr.a.35.1.1783","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding purslane on lipid profile and lipid peroxidation in adult male Sprague Dawley rats fed high cholesterol diet. Wild and cultivated purslane were collected, dried and milled to be used in rat diets. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats at 9 weeks of age, weighing (200-250g) were randomly divided into four experimental groups, 10 rats each, and fed either normal diet (group 1) or high cholesterol diet (HCD) (1% cholesterol) (groups 2, 3 and 4) for 4 weeks, at the end of the fourth week, the prepared wild and cultivated purslane plants were administered at 2.5% to (groups 3 and 4, respectively) for another 8 weeks. The addition of wild and cultivated purslane significantly lowered the serum cholesterol levels in groups 3 and 4 to 133.1 ± 34.5 and 130.9 ± 21.2 mg/dl, respectively, in comparison to HCD group without purslane (169.8 ± 57.9), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels (96.3 ± 32.8 and 95.4 ± 20.1 mg/dl) in comparison to HCD group without purslane (132.5 ± 62.5). Blood peroxidation (MDA) values in wild and cultivated purslane groups (10.9 ± 1.6 and 10.9 ± 2.8 nmol/ml) were significantly lower than the MDA level in groups 1 and 2 (14.3±3.0 and 15.8±5.0 nmol/ml respectively). In conclusion, the addition of purslane to the diet of rats decreased serum cholesterol, LDL and lipid peroxidation levels indicating that the plant could have important medical implications.\u0000 \u0000 هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة تاثير الأجزاء المأكولة من نبات البقلة على فوق أكسدة الدهون ودهنيات الدم في جرذان من نوع سبراغ - داولي مغذاة بوجبة عالية الكولسترول. تم جمع نبات البقلة البري والمزروع وتجفيفهما وطحنهما للإستعمال في التجربة الحيوانية، وتم إجراء التجربة كما يلي: لقد تم إحضار 40 من الجرذان على عمر 9 أسابيع ووزن (200-250 غرام) وتقسيمها إلى أربع مجموعات في كل مجموعة 10 جرذان، وقد تم إطعام المجموعة الأولى وهي الضابطة السلبية بوجبة عادية (NCD)، أما المجموعة الثانية (الضابطة الإيجابية) والمجموعة الثالثة والرابعة (مجموعتا الاختبار) فقد تم إطعامهما وجبة عالية الكولسترول (HCD) لمدة 4 أسابيع، جرى بعدها إدخال نبات البقلة البري المجفف المطحون بنسبة (2.5%) لمدة 8 أسابيع إضافية إلى وجبة المجموعة الثالثة، وإدخال نبات البقلة المزروع إلى وجبة طعام المجموعة الرابعة وبنفس النسبة والمدة السابقتي الذكر. وجد في هذه الدراسة أن قيم الوزن الإبتدائي والنهائي والوزن المكتسب ونسبة كفاءة التحويل الغذائي لجميع المجموعات كــانت متقاربة دون وجود فروق معنــوية، كما أظهرت هذه الدراسة أن إضافة البقلة البرية والمزروعة قد خفضت قيمة كولسترول مصل الدم إلى (133.1 ± 34.5 و130.9 ± 21.2 مليغرام لكل ديسيليتر) على التوالي مقارنة بالمجموعة الضابطة الإيجابية التي كانت قيمة الكولسترول لها (169.8 ± 57.9 مليغرام لكل ديسيليتر) بفرق معنوي على مستوىP<0.05، كما وأظهرت النتائج أن إضافة البقلة البرية والمزروعة قد خفضت قيمة البروتين الدهني منخفض الكثافة (LDL) معنوياً P<0.05 حيث كانت (96.3 ± 32.8 و 95.4 ± 20.1 مليغرام لكل ديسيليتر) على التوالي مقارنة مع المجموعة الضابطة الإيجابية التي كانت قيمتها (132.5 ± 62.5 مليغرام لكل ديسيليتر). كما وبينت هذه الدراسة أن إضافة البقلة البرية والم","PeriodicalId":274683,"journal":{"name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128779503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimate the efficiency of the concept virtual water and geospatial techniques in determining the water consumption bill for irrigated agriculture in the Azraq basin","authors":"Rasha AbuRukaba","doi":"10.35552/anujr.a.35.1.1789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35552/anujr.a.35.1.1789","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to use Geospatial Techniques to estimate water consumption in the irrigated agriculture of Azraq Basin in Water year 2016-2017 Through concept virtual water, based on Satellite data from the Landsat 8 satellite Image for August, 2017 and climate data, through the use of the necessary cartographic standards to correct Satellite data, process it and analyze it to produce Digital maps to express the true reality of irrigated agriculture in Azraq Basin in terms of its spatial distribution, types and areas. The study concluded that the irrigated areas in the Azraq Basin are concentrated in two main regions: (Safawi - East Mafraq) and (Azraq depression), the accumulation of evapotranspiration ΣETo 1338 mm. The Accumulated Crop Evapotranspiration ΣETc 3414 mm. Field crops most in need of water among the classified crops each hectare needs 1244 m3 of water. The Virtual water for crops was as follows: (olive trees 110 m3/ton, fruit trees 86 m3/ton, field crops (clover) 27m3/ton, and summer vegetables 16 m3/ton). The study recommends the necessity of using geospatial techniques in studying the spatial and temporal changes of crops in irrigated areas, and adopting the concept of virtual water as a wiser tool for determining the water consumption bill in irrigated agriculture.\u0000 \u0000 تهدف الدراسة الى توظيف تقنيات الجغرافيا المكانية لتقدير الاستهلاك المائي في الزراعة المروية لحوض الأزرق السنة المائية2016 -2017 من خلال مفهوم المياه الافتراضية، بناءا على البيانات الفضائية الملتقطة من القمر الصناعي لاندسات 8 لشهر آب/2017 والبيانات المناخية، من خلال استخدام المعايير الكارتوجرافية اللازمة لتصحيح البيانات الفضائية ومعالجتها وتحليلها لانتاج خرائط رقمية للتعبير عن الواقع الحقيقي للزراعة المروية في حوض الأزرق من حيث توزعها المكاني، أنواعها ومساحاتها. توصلت الدِراســــة إلى أن المناطق المَرْوية في حوض الأزرق تتركز في مَنْطِقتين رئيسيتين: (الصفاوي – شرق المفرق)، (منخفض الأزرق)، بلغ تراكم التبخر نتح المرجعي ΣETo للسنة المائية (2016-2017) 1338ملم. والاحتياجات المائية CWR على شكل تراكم التبخر نتح المحصوليETc Σ للسنة المائية (2016-2017) 3414 ملم. ظهر أن المَحاصيل الحقلية الأكثر احتياجاً للمياه من بين المَحاصيل المصنفة للسنة 2016/2017 ويحتاج كل هكتار إلى 1244 م3 مياه. وقدرت المياه الافتراضية للمحاصيل كالتالي: (أشجار الزيتون 94، أشجار الفاكهة 59، المَحاصيل الحقلية (البرسيم) 19، والخضراوت الصيفية 10) م3/طن. توصي الدراسة بضرورة استخدام تِقْنيات الجَغْرفيا المكانية في دِراسة التغييرات المكانية والزمانية للمَحاصيل في المناطق المَرْوية، واعتماد مفهوم المياه الافتراضية كأداة أكثر حكمة لتحديد فاتورة الاستهلاك المائي في الزراعة المروية.","PeriodicalId":274683,"journal":{"name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134119563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting diabetic retinopathy exudates in fundus images using fuzzy c-means (FCM)","authors":"","doi":"10.35552/anujr.a.35.1.1861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35552/anujr.a.35.1.1861","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the main cause of blindness for diabetic patients. As the exudates are the primary sign of DR, therefore early detection and timely treatment can prevent and delay the risk of vision loss. Automatic screening could facilitate the screening process, reduce inspection time, and increase accuracy, which is vital in ophthalmic treatment, this development of exudates detection will help doctors in detecting symptoms faster. In this research, we use an automatic method to detect exudates from retinal digital images with non-dilated pupils of retinopathy patients; starting by detecting both the optic disc (OD) and retinal vessels, then probable exudates are defined through morphological techniques, in the last main phase, four features are implemented as input data for the fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering to define the existing exudates in the fundus images. The overall detection performance is evaluated through measuring sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and accuracy. These measures are done by comparing results to hand-drawn ground truth (GT) done by an expert; which are comparatively analyzed. It is found that the proposed method detects exudates successfully with average values of sensitivity, specificity, PPV, PLR and accuracy of 86.3%, 98.4%, 20.8%, 86.2 and 98.4% respectively on the testing studied database.\u0000 \u0000 اعتلال الشبكية بمرض السكري يعتبر من أكثر الأمراض خطورة على العين والذي قد يؤدي الى فقدان البصر وخاصة عند مرضى السكري. تعتبر الافرازات من أولى العلامات الدالة على الاصابة بالمرض، لذلك من المهم اكتشافها واحصائها من أجل العلاج والوقاية من تفاقم المرض وفقدان البصر. في هذا البحث قمنا باقتراح طريقة تلقائية (اوتوماتيكية) للكشف عن الافرازات من صور شبكية العين لمرضى السكري، والتي بدورها تساعد الأطباء في عملية مراقبة التغير في وضعية العين واكتشاف اعراض امراض العين في مراحل مبكرة. وقد تم التطبيق على صور شبكية العين لمرضى السكري، وكانت الخوارزمية تعتمد اولا على استخراج قرص العين والاوعية الدموية وذلك لتحسين عملية اكتشاف الافرازات، ثم قمنا بتعيين وتحديد الافرازات وذلك بالاعتماد على خوارزمية التجميع الضبابي بالإضافة الى مجموعة من تقنيات معالجة الصور باستخدام برنامج الماتلاب. في النهاية تم تقييم النتائج عن طريق حساب مجموعة معايير منها: الحساسية، النوعية، والدقة وذلك بمقارنتها بالصور التي تم رسمها عن طريق الاخصائيين والأطباء، وكانت متوسطات النتائج كما يلي :86.3%، 98.4% و98.4% على التوالي.","PeriodicalId":274683,"journal":{"name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130060555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}