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WOMAN STRUGGLE IN PAULO COELHO’S THE SPY 女人在保罗·科埃略的间谍中挣扎
Lingüística Pub Date : 2021-01-07 DOI: 10.24114/JALU.V9I4.21710
E. Noviyanti, A. Saragih, M. Natsir
{"title":"WOMAN STRUGGLE IN PAULO COELHO’S THE SPY","authors":"E. Noviyanti, A. Saragih, M. Natsir","doi":"10.24114/JALU.V9I4.21710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/JALU.V9I4.21710","url":null,"abstract":"This study discussed woman struggle in Paulo Coelho’s The Spy. The objectives were to find out the kinds of woman’s struggle in Novel The Spy, the ways the main character struggles to fulfill her needs, and the reasons why the main character struggle in the way she did. This study used descriptive qualitative method. This study used Maslow (1987) theory to analyze the kinds of woman’s struggle and the ways the main character struggles to fulfill her needs that she had faced and elaborated the reasons by using theory of ambition. The result of this study can be concluded in some aspects. First, the kinds of woman’s struggle found in Novel The Spy in fulfilling the human needs, namely: Struggle for Survival, Struggle to Reach the Dream, Struggle for Love & Relationship, Struggle in Getting A Good Reputation and Struggle to be Independent Woman. Second, the ways the main character struggles to fulfilling her needs are exchange sex with favors and money, making relations with men from the higher classes and to be a Spy. Third, the reasons why the main character struggle are because of her ambition to become a Free Woman and influenced by author’s background.","PeriodicalId":272583,"journal":{"name":"Lingüística","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116776107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
SEMIOTIC STUDY ON “TUGU SI RAJA BATAK” IN SAMOSIR ISLAND NORTH SUMATERA
Lingüística Pub Date : 2021-01-07 DOI: 10.24114/JALU.V9I4.21712
Tatap Hasrani Sinaga, Z. Zainuddin, A. Tambunan
{"title":"SEMIOTIC STUDY ON “TUGU SI RAJA BATAK” IN SAMOSIR ISLAND NORTH SUMATERA","authors":"Tatap Hasrani Sinaga, Z. Zainuddin, A. Tambunan","doi":"10.24114/JALU.V9I4.21712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/JALU.V9I4.21712","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study were to find out signs, the realization of signs in to denotative and connotative meanings, and the reasons for signs realization on Tugu Si Raja Batak in Sarimarrihit Village, Sianjur Mula-Mula sub-district, Samosir Regency. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach. The data of this study were taken from Tugu Si Raja Batak. The data of the study were statues and pictures on Tugu Si Raja Batak. The data analysis was taken by observing, interviewing, and then analyzed the data based on the theory proposed by Roland Barthes. The findings indicated that there were twenty-two signs on Tugu Si Raja Batak in four forms, namely human ornaments, animal ornaments, plant ornaments, and carving. The signs of human ornaments were the Si Raja Batak means descendants with different clans and some servants for different work. The signs of animal ornaments made to show that Si Raja Batak and his descendants used the animals around him as transportations. Then, the plant ornaments they were Lime (Pangir) and Banyan tree (Jajabi) appear because the Batak people are famous for traditional medicine that uses plants such as Lime (Pangir) and betel as medicine for sick people, possessed people, and also for offerings to their ancestors. Furthermore, in the Tugu Si Raja Batak, carvings made because the Si Raja Batak seat requires beautiful decoration and their culture to respect the kings","PeriodicalId":272583,"journal":{"name":"Lingüística","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117157720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Deutsch als historische Regionalsprache in Siebenbürgen
Lingüística Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.4312/LINGUISTICA.60.2.117-129
Doris Sava
{"title":"Deutsch als historische Regionalsprache in Siebenbürgen","authors":"Doris Sava","doi":"10.4312/LINGUISTICA.60.2.117-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/LINGUISTICA.60.2.117-129","url":null,"abstract":"Siebenbürgen ist durch eine historisch bedingte Mehrsprachigkeit und diglossische Sprachverhältnisse (Dialekt – Standardsprache) gekennzeichnet und daher auch eine sprachhistorisch wichtige Sprachinsel des Deutschen. Deutschsprachige Kanzleiurkunden außerhalb des geschlossenen deutschen Sprachgebiets bieten Informationen zu den Besonderheiten des Deutschen in arealer Abgrenzung und zur frühneuhochdeutschen institutionellen Schriftlichkeit. Der Beitrag ist der Regionalsprache Deutsch in Sprachkontaktsituation gewidmet, wobei exemplarisch am Beispiel der Gerichtsverhandlungen (1650–1700) des Verwaltungszentrums Hermannstadt das historische Profil des Deutschen als Amtssprache in Siebenbürgen dokumentiert werden soll. Aus synchroner Sicht ist das in Siebenbürgen und in Rumänien, heute nicht mehr ausschließlich von den Rumäniendeutschen gesprochene (Hoch)Deutsch, das Rumäniendeutsche, eine überrregionale Sprachvarietät des Deutschen. Infolge der massiven Auswanderung der Rumäniendeutschen ab 1990 und des dramatischen Rückgangs der Muttersprachler hat sich die Sprachsituation stark verändert. Gegenwärtig wird diese Standardvarietät vom Rumänischen stark beeinflusst, sodass einige Auffälligkeiten im Sprachgebrauch und Bemerkungen zum aktuellen Stand des Deutschen in Rumänien den Beitrag abrunden.","PeriodicalId":272583,"journal":{"name":"Lingüística","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130073339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Deutsch im historischen Maribor
Lingüística Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.4312/LINGUISTICA.60.2.147-160
Vida Jesenšek
{"title":"Deutsch im historischen Maribor","authors":"Vida Jesenšek","doi":"10.4312/LINGUISTICA.60.2.147-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/LINGUISTICA.60.2.147-160","url":null,"abstract":"Der jahrhundertelange Kontakt zwischen der slowenischen und deutschen Sprache und Kultur hat die Stadt Maribor bedeutsam geprägt. Seit den Anfängen der Stadtentwicklung im 12. Jh., vor allem aber seit dem 13. Jh., als die Stadt unter die Herrschaft der Habsburger kam, nahm die Zuwanderung aus den deutschsprachigen Ländern stark zu, vorrangig aus dem heutigen österreichischen Kärnten und der österreichischen Steiermark, jedoch auch aus Bayern und vielen deutschen mittelalterlichen Städten, was zu einem stark ausgeprägten deutschen Stadtcharakter führte. Die deutschsprachigen Zuwanderer waren in der Regel hochqualifiziert und gebildet; sehr schnell übernahmen sie führende Positionen in der Wirtschaft und im öffentlichen Leben. Zu bemerkbaren national- und kulturpolitischen Auseinandersetzungen zwischen den Deutschsprachigen und den Slowenen kam es in den 60er Jahren des 19. Jh. Seitdem dienten beide Sprachen, jeweils zu ihrer Zeit, zur Identifizierung der Stadtbewohner mit eigener Sprach- und Nationalgemeinschaft sowie zur Regelung sozialer und Machverhältnisse in Wirtschaft, Verwaltung, Alltagskommunikation, Schulwesen und Kulturleben. Die gegenseitige Beeinflussung beider Sprachen führte zur Ausprägung einer umgangssprachlichen Varietät des Deutschen mit slowenischen Interferenzerscheinungen, bekannt unter dem Namen Mariborer Deutsch sowie zur Ausbildung der städtischen slowenischen Umgangssprache mit zahlreichen Germanismen.","PeriodicalId":272583,"journal":{"name":"Lingüística","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121019787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gegen den Bedeutungsverlust einer Kultur: John Eiselmeier und der Status der deutschsprachigen Minderheit in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts 消除文化遗失的影响:约翰·埃塞尔迈尔和20世纪初美国的少数民族地位。世纪
Lingüística Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.4312/LINGUISTICA.60.2.361-375
Tristan Coignard
{"title":"Gegen den Bedeutungsverlust einer Kultur: John Eiselmeier und der Status der deutschsprachigen Minderheit in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts","authors":"Tristan Coignard","doi":"10.4312/LINGUISTICA.60.2.361-375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/LINGUISTICA.60.2.361-375","url":null,"abstract":"A COMMITMENT AGAINST THE DIMINISHING INFLUENCE OF A CULTURE: JOHN EISELMEIER AND THE STATUS OF THE GERMANSPEAKING MINORITY IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY John Eiselmeier, who was born near Linz and who settled with his family in the southern part of Illinois in the 1870s, has so far received little scholarly attention. He trained as a teacher and gained teaching experience at various schools in Illinois, Missouri, Nebraska and Wisconsin. He was later able to pass this experience on to prospective teachers as a trainer within the National German-American Teachers’ Seminary. He became a campaigner for the preservation of the German language and the GermanAmerican school system. Linguistica_2020_2_FINAL.indd 374 24. 03. 2021 14:21:05 375 Eiselmeier witnessed the increasing loss of importance of German culture and the tensions which the German community was exposed to. Through self-reflection he became aware of the changes in the American perception of German-speaking immigrants. Eiselmeier by no means concealed the symptoms of the crisis that appeared within the German-speaking community and threatened its status. He addressed the decline in the language, the hostility towards Germans in the context of the First World War and the increasing disinterest in German culture. These events provide the opportunity to discuss the following hypothesis: did the first decades of the 20th century represent a stage which led to a transition from open integration to assimilation?","PeriodicalId":272583,"journal":{"name":"Lingüística","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125101161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Finiteness in South Slavic Complement Clauses 斯拉夫语补语从句的有限性
Lingüística Pub Date : 2020-12-04 DOI: 10.4312/linguistica.60.1.119-137
S. Wurmbrand, I. Kovác, Magdalena Lohninger, Caroline Pajančič, Neda Todorovic
{"title":"Finiteness in South Slavic Complement Clauses","authors":"S. Wurmbrand, I. Kovác, Magdalena Lohninger, Caroline Pajančič, Neda Todorovic","doi":"10.4312/linguistica.60.1.119-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.60.1.119-137","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows that the distribution of (non‑)finiteness in the South Slavic languages reflects an implicational scale along an independently attested semantic complementation hierarchy (e.g., Givón 1980). We suggest that in the South Slavic languages, finiteness is triggered by clausal agreement features associated with different syntactic heads. Building on a complexity approach to the complementation hierarchy, we propose that cross-linguistic variation in finiteness and variation across different types of complements are the result of language-specific differences in the distribution of agreement features. More broadly, we conclude that there is no (universal) semantic correlate of (non‑)finiteness and, contra cartographic approaches, that finiteness is not confined to a particular domain in the clause. Following Adger (2007), we argue that finiteness can be distributed over all clausal domains.","PeriodicalId":272583,"journal":{"name":"Lingüística","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117316597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
√ov Is in the Air 在空气中
Lingüística Pub Date : 2020-12-04 DOI: 10.4312/linguistica.60.1.83-102
M. Simonović, Petra Mišmaš
{"title":"√ov Is in the Air","authors":"M. Simonović, Petra Mišmaš","doi":"10.4312/linguistica.60.1.83-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.60.1.83-102","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we consider several instances of the Slovenian affix ov, which surfaces in many, apparently unrelated contexts. Here we focus on (i) ov in verbs, where it can act as an imperfectivizer or a verbalizer, (ii) ov found in possessive adjectives and kind adjectives derived from nouns, (iii) ov which precedes the adjectiviser (e)n in denominal adjectives, and (iv) ov in nominal declension (acting as a genitive case ending in dual and plural or as a dual/plural augment). Building on the observation that certain affixes function either as inflectional or as derivational (see Simonovic and Arsenijevic 2020), and working within a Distributed Morphology approach which postulates that derivational affixes should be analyzed as roots (e.g. Lowenstamm 2014), we argue for a single multifunctional ov. This ov is a potentially meaningless root that can take as a complement other roots (thus forming a “radical core”) or phrases, resulting in different structures and consequently different stress patterns and meanings, but can also act as an Elsewhere allomorph, whose insertion is guided by an interplay of phonological and morphological constraints.","PeriodicalId":272583,"journal":{"name":"Lingüística","volume":"13 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123328313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Categories, Root Complexes and Default Stress 类别、词根复合体和默认重音
Lingüística Pub Date : 2020-12-04 DOI: 10.4312/linguistica.60.1.103-117
M. Simonović
{"title":"Categories, Root Complexes and Default Stress","authors":"M. Simonović","doi":"10.4312/linguistica.60.1.103-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.60.1.103-117","url":null,"abstract":"A new account is presented of stress assignment in deadjectival and deverbal nominalizations in Slovenian, explicitly addressing both regular cases and exceptions. The analysis is an extension of the account by Marvin (2003) and is couched in the model developed by Lowenstamm (2014), which views derivational affixes as transitive roots. The main addition to Lowenstamm’s model is the proposal that parts of the structure which only contain roots with no intermediate functional structure (the ‘radical cores’) always receive default prosody. The presented analysis dispenses with lexical stress in Slovenian affixes and derives the prosodic properties of affixed words solely from their structure.","PeriodicalId":272583,"journal":{"name":"Lingüística","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131697792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
INTERPRETATION OF POETRY THE CHARGE OF THE LIGHT BRIGADE BY ALFRED, LORD TENNYSON 诗歌解读:阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生勋爵对轻骑兵的冲锋
Lingüística Pub Date : 2020-10-05 DOI: 10.24114/JALU.V9I3.20138
Y MhdRidhoWandana
{"title":"INTERPRETATION OF POETRY THE CHARGE OF THE LIGHT BRIGADE BY ALFRED, LORD TENNYSON","authors":"Y MhdRidhoWandana","doi":"10.24114/JALU.V9I3.20138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/JALU.V9I3.20138","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses indirect descriptive expressions in the poem The Charge of the Light Brigade by Alfred, Lord Tennyson use semiotics theory of Riffaterre. This study aims to, (a) to describe the kinds of indirect descriptive expressions used in the poetry The Charge of the Light Brigade by Alfred, Lord Tennyson, (b) to explain the realization of indirect descriptive expressions realized in the poetry The Charge of the Light Brigade by Alfred, Lord Tennyson, (c) to explain the reasons of indirect descriptive expressions realized in the ways they are. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data source used in this study is in the form of words, phrases, clauses and sentences from the poem. The results of this study, namely there are 8 Metaphors and 7 Metonymy in displacing of meaning; 6 Ambiguous, 2 Contradictions, and 4 Nonsense in distorting of meaning; 16 rhymes, 12 enjambments, and 6 typography in creating of meaning. Keywords : Indirect descriptive expressions; Semiotic; Poetry","PeriodicalId":272583,"journal":{"name":"Lingüística","volume":"532 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128886980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SARCASM IN CONTENTS OF INSTAGRAM ACCOUNT: KOMIKNYEBELIN instagram账号komiknyebelin内容中的讽刺
Lingüística Pub Date : 2020-10-05 DOI: 10.24114/JALU.V9I3.20133
Marnike Marpaung, E. B. Manullang, J. Hasibuan
{"title":"SARCASM IN CONTENTS OF INSTAGRAM ACCOUNT: KOMIKNYEBELIN","authors":"Marnike Marpaung, E. B. Manullang, J. Hasibuan","doi":"10.24114/JALU.V9I3.20133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/JALU.V9I3.20133","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the types and the function of sarcasm used in komiknyebelin as the source data account of instagram. The data of this study were taken from the content of komiknyebelin account since August 2018 until July 2019 which randomly selecting comics that found sarcasm in the comics. In analyzing the data, the researcher was conducting by using qualitative method. The result showed the types and the function of sarcasm used in komiknyebelin account. The data were analyzed by using Lamb’s theory about the types of saracasm and Leech’s theory facing the illucotionary functions to find the sarcasm function in the content of komiknyebelin. The researcher found 4 types of sarcasm in the content of komiknyebelin account, they were: brooding sarcasm (2 data), polite sarcasm (2 data), obnoxious sarcasm (12 data) and raging sarcasm (2 data). And the researcher also found 2 types of sarcasm functions, they were collaborative function (8 data) and conflictive function (10 data) from the 18 data comic that used sarcasm found in the content of komiknyebelin account. Keywords:  Instagram, Komiknyebelin, Sarcasm Functions, Sarcasm Types","PeriodicalId":272583,"journal":{"name":"Lingüística","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121634281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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