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Targeted Cancer Therapy: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors 靶向癌症治疗:酪氨酸激酶抑制剂
Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.17827/aktd.1081737
Serhan Küpeli
{"title":"Targeted Cancer Therapy: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors","authors":"Serhan Küpeli","doi":"10.17827/aktd.1081737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1081737","url":null,"abstract":"Cancers generally contain multiple genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, but several key genes maintain the malignant phenotype and cellular survival. Tyrosine kinases are often involved in the cellular response with growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. These molecules are responsible for tumor growth by various mechanisms. It is thought that tyrosine kinase inhibitors may have a wide range of therapeutic efficacy. Significant response rates could not be obtained in phase 1 studies with any of the agents in monotherapy, and other options are being investigated by administering high doses in short periods and combining drugs that may affect different pathways.","PeriodicalId":272457,"journal":{"name":"Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132515184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stem cells; Definition and General Properties, Usage Areas, History, Surface Markers 干细胞;定义和一般属性，使用区域，历史，表面标记
Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.17827/aktd.1063647
M. Avci
{"title":"Stem cells; Definition and General Properties, Usage Areas, History, Surface Markers","authors":"M. Avci","doi":"10.17827/aktd.1063647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1063647","url":null,"abstract":"Stem cells, which have a history of more than a century, continue to be the subject of research for the treatment of many diseases today. Stem cells, which are also the focus of attention in regenerative medicine; It has long-term divisibility, self-renewal and differentiation properties. There are two different types of division in stem cells: symmetrical and asymmetrical cell division. Stem cells are cells that can divide for a long time, unlike normal cells, because they can complete their telomeres. The diversity of surface markers used for the detection of stem cells and the existence of common markers are valid for tissue-specific cancer stem cells. The purpose of this compilation study; the aim is to gather information about the definition and general characteristics of stem cells, their areas of use, history and surface markers under the main headings and make them available to researchers.","PeriodicalId":272457,"journal":{"name":"Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128186611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neonatal Polycythemia and Hyperviscosity Syndrome 新生儿红细胞增多症和高黏度综合征
Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.17827/aktd.1071087
Sarkhan Elbayiyev, U. Çakır
{"title":"Neonatal Polycythemia and Hyperviscosity Syndrome","authors":"Sarkhan Elbayiyev, U. Çakır","doi":"10.17827/aktd.1071087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1071087","url":null,"abstract":"Neonatal polisitemi yenidoğan bebeklerde sıklıkla karşılaşılan klinik bir tablodur. Erişkin hematokrit değerinden fizyolojik olarak daha yüksek değerlerde doğan yenidoğan bebeklerin polisitemi tanımı iyi bilinmesine rağmen hangi hematokrit değerinde nasıl tedavi edileceği konusu belirsizliğini korumaktadır. Polisiteminin hafif klinik semptomlarına ek olarak santral sinir sisteminde infarkta kadar ağır komplikasyonlara neden olduğu düşünüldüğünde bu konuda hazırlanmış güncel yaklaşım kılavuzlarına ihtiyaç vardır. Bu derlemede neonatal polisitemiye yaklaşım güncel verilere dayanarak hazırlanmıştır.","PeriodicalId":272457,"journal":{"name":"Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi","volume":"17 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120923689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effect of Microplastics on Living Things 微塑料对生物的影响
Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.17827/aktd.1058792
A. Pekmezekmek
{"title":"The Effect of Microplastics on Living Things","authors":"A. Pekmezekmek","doi":"10.17827/aktd.1058792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1058792","url":null,"abstract":"Our oceans and seas have been polluted with plastics for nearly 60 years. The increase in plastic consumption all over the world, the possibility of plastics remaining in the environment for hundreds of years without decomposing, the decomposition of plastics into smaller pieces, the detection of organisms at all levels of the marine food chain, and the possibility of human exposure to microplastics through food increase the awareness on this issue day by day. With the introduction of microplastics and nanoplastics, scientists have started to work on this pollution in water, especially since 2010. The common view is that the impact of this type of pollution on the environment will increase and harm living things.","PeriodicalId":272457,"journal":{"name":"Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi","volume":"389 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131788484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Artificial Sweeteners on Gut Microbiota in Mice and Rats: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Studies 人工甜味剂对小鼠和大鼠肠道微生物群的影响:随机对照研究的系统综述
Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.17827/aktd.1039222
E. Duman, Alev Keser, Selen Yilmaz Isikhan
{"title":"Effect of Artificial Sweeteners on Gut Microbiota in Mice and Rats: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Studies","authors":"E. Duman, Alev Keser, Selen Yilmaz Isikhan","doi":"10.17827/aktd.1039222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1039222","url":null,"abstract":"It is a systematically examine of randomized controlled studies in mice and rats examining effects of artificial sweeteners on gut microbiota. Based on the PRISMA declaration, 4 databases were used, namely PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOHost and Google Scholar, and a systematic search was conducted to identify randomized controlled studies on all rats and mice published between January 1, 2000-December 31, 2020. Studies using advantam, acesulfame-K, aspartame, neotame, saccharine, cyclamate, and sucralose as artificial sweeteners are included. As a result of first screening, a total of 901 studies on mice and rats were obtained. Eleven randomized controlled trials that met the study objective and inclusion criteria were included in systematic review. Two of studies were carried out on rats and nine of them were performed on mice. No study with advantam and cyclamate meeting the inclusion criteria was found in literature. Due to small sample size, meta-analysis could not be performed. Although artificial sweeteners have an effect on intestinal microbiota in mice and rats, no clear evidence for its effect has been demonstrated. It is important to investigate how changes in gut microbiome affect human health, and therefore it is essential to increase number of randomized controlled clinical trials evaluating effect of artificial sweetener consumption on the microbiota.","PeriodicalId":272457,"journal":{"name":"Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127124039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contribution of Hydrogen Sulfide to Physiological and Pathological Events and Clinical Use 硫化氢对生理和病理事件的贡献及其临床应用
Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.17827/aktd.1066415
Kübra Gönbe, F. Aydinoglu, Nuran Öğülener
{"title":"Contribution of Hydrogen Sulfide to Physiological and Pathological Events and Clinical Use","authors":"Kübra Gönbe, F. Aydinoglu, Nuran Öğülener","doi":"10.17827/aktd.1066415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1066415","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), synthesized by enzymatic or non-enzymatic means, is a third gas neurotransmitter similar to nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Enzymes responsible for their synthesis in the body are expressed in various tissues. H2S has many physiological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, antispasmodic, cytoprotective antioxidant, a bronchodilator, blood pressure regulation. Also, it is known that H2S has a role in various pathological conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, depression, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), ulcer, erectile dysfunction, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's disease. Considering its potential importance in physiopathological conditions, various drugs have been developed in combination with H2S-releasing aspirin and naproxen. In this context, some drugs with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, cytoprotective, and cardioprotective effects have been developed. ATB-346, GIC-1001, NBS-1120, SG-1002, AP-39, and MZe76 are among the candidate drugs. Phase studies of S-zofenopril have been completed. The realization of preclinical and clinical studies on the L-cysteine/H2S pathway is important physiologically, pathologically, and therapeutically, and the development of new drugs in this direction is considered to be promising for treatment approaches.","PeriodicalId":272457,"journal":{"name":"Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129919741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Current Approach to Cancer Stem Cells 癌症干细胞的最新研究进展
Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.17827/aktd.1088310
Tuğçe Sapmaz Erçakallı, S. Polat
{"title":"Current Approach to Cancer Stem Cells","authors":"Tuğçe Sapmaz Erçakallı, S. Polat","doi":"10.17827/aktd.1088310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1088310","url":null,"abstract":"Kanser Kök Hücreleri (KaKH), normal kök hücreler gibi kendi kendini yenileme ve farklılaşma yeteneğine sahip hücreler olup meme, beyin, akciğer, prostat, testis, over, yemek borusu, kolon, karaciğer gibi birçok dokuda bulunur. Kökenleri henüz keşfedilmemiştir, ancak bu konuda bir dizi hipotez öne sürülmüştür. KaKH tümörün başlangıcından sorumlu ve tümör dokusundaki çok sayıda farklılaşmış hücre topluluğunu oluşturan hücrelerdir. Her bir kanserin kök hücresini tanımlayan biyobelirteçler vardır. KaKH’lerin ve normal kök hücrelerin kendi kendini yenileme ve farklılaşmasında aynı özgü sinyal iletim sistemleri rol oynamaktadır. Fakat KaKH’lerde bu sinyal iletim sistemlerinin düzenlenmesi değişmektedir. KaKH'leri sadece kanserin yaratılmasında değil, evriminde, metastazında ve geç dönemde yeniden ortaya çıkmasında da rol oynamaktadır. MikroRNA'lar, Wnt/β-catenin, Notch ve Hedgehog gibi sinyal yolaklarından oluşan bir düzenleme ağı KaKH özelliklerini kontrol eder. KaKH'leri kanser tedavisinde, konvansiyonel kemoterapi ve radyasyon tedavisine karşı dirençte rol oynarak, kanser metastazının kökeni olarak değerlendirilebilir. KaKH'leri yeni kanser önleyici ilaç keşfi için tedavi protokollerinde hedef haline gelmiştir. Gelecekteki çalışmalar kanserin tedavisi için KaKH’leri hedef alan tedavilerin geliştirilmesine öncülük edecektir.","PeriodicalId":272457,"journal":{"name":"Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131399739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genetic Disorders Requiring Risk-Reducing Surgical Management in Our Gynecological Oncology Practice 在我们的妇科肿瘤实践中，遗传疾病需要降低风险的手术管理
Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.17827/aktd.1059207
F. Kazancı, F. Sahin
{"title":"Genetic Disorders Requiring Risk-Reducing Surgical Management in Our Gynecological Oncology Practice","authors":"F. Kazancı, F. Sahin","doi":"10.17827/aktd.1059207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1059207","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer occurs as a result of the mutations in genes that are responsible for cell development and DNA integrity. Mutations can occur in germ cells (germline) (GLM) as well as others (somatic) (SM). GLM are responsible for 5-10% of cancers. Early detection of GLMs is critical for identifying at-risk individuals, following up, and designing risk-reducing procedures. Furthermore, the detection of SM in tumor tissue has recently been used to determine the necessity for extra adjuvant and targeted therapy. Although familial clustering is observed in 10-30% of ovarian (OC) and breast (BC) cancer cases. GLM in the BRCA1/2, which cause DNA repair deficiencies, are responsible for 65-85% of genetic anomalies in hereditary OC. Risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) reduces the risk of BC by about % 90-95 in cases with pathogenic mutations (PMs) in the BRCA1/2 genes, while risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) reduces the incidence of BC (%50 ) and OC(%70-96 ), as well as a decrease in overall cancer-specific mortality. Except for BRCA1/2, OC is caused by PMs in genes like RAD51C, RAD51D and BRIP1, which affect DNA repair process. RRSO is indicated among carriers of PMs in these genes. Lynch syndrome (LS) is associated with a higher risk of colorectal and endometrial cancer. After completing their fertility, hysterectomy and bilateral RRSO are recommended for carriers of PMs in the MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 genes. Based on the most recent guidelines, our goal in this review is to highlight the genetic alterations that necessitate risk-reducing prophylactic surgical procedures, which are becoming more common in our gynecological oncology practice. ","PeriodicalId":272457,"journal":{"name":"Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131456871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığında Noktürnal Noninvaziv Pozitif Basınçlı Ventilasyon
Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.17827/aktd.1079923
Özlem Özkan Kuşcu, Pınar Ergenoğlu
{"title":"Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığında Noktürnal Noninvaziv Pozitif Basınçlı Ventilasyon","authors":"Özlem Özkan Kuşcu, Pınar Ergenoğlu","doi":"10.17827/aktd.1079923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1079923","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is characterized as a progressive and irreversible inflammatory response in the airways and alveoli because of exposure to noxious particles or gases. Excessive inflammation causes progressive, persistent, and not fully reversible structural changes and airflow limitation. Although COPD is a significant public health problem, diagnosis and treatment stages need to be improved.Nocturnal Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation is one of the treatment modalities of choice for COPD exacerbation, and the role and benefits of NPPV in COPD exacerbation are well defined, but the use of nocturnal NPPV on stable severe COPD individuals is controversial, and the evidence is not sufficient yet. This review evaluates the effects of nocturnal NPPV on stable COPD patients.","PeriodicalId":272457,"journal":{"name":"Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116143640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Yanık Nedeniyle Tedavi Gören Hastalarda Yenilikçi Teknoloji: Sanal Gerçeklik
Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.17827/aktd.992689
Merve Kaya, Zeynep KARAMAN ÖZLÜ
{"title":"Yanık Nedeniyle Tedavi Gören Hastalarda Yenilikçi Teknoloji: Sanal Gerçeklik","authors":"Merve Kaya, Zeynep KARAMAN ÖZLÜ","doi":"10.17827/aktd.992689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.992689","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual reality is an advanced cognitive technique that has been widely used in health care applications in recent years, especially in burn injuries. Burn injuries, which are a serious and multifaceted injury, affect the patient not only physically but also psychologically, and patients need help in overcoming and coping with this situation. The effect of virtual reality has been proven as an important non-pharmacological analgesia method in the relief of pain in the acute and rehabilitation processes of the burn injury process. At the same time, it has been determined that it has positive effects on the anxiety and fear experienced by the patients. It has been emphasized that virtual reality accelerates the re-epithelialization process and supports the healing process in burn patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use and effects of virtual reality, which is a potential and important technology for nursing care and multidisciplinary healthcare team, in the treatment of burn patients.","PeriodicalId":272457,"journal":{"name":"Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126969558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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