{"title":"Numerical analysis of the effect of coefficient of friction on the formability behaviour of aluminium AA1060 in the stretch-forming process","authors":"Ali Hussein Habeeb, A. H. Abed, A. Singal","doi":"10.56294/sctconf2024868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024868","url":null,"abstract":"In sheet metal forming processes, the success of the forming process depends on several primary parameters such as the geometry of the tool, Sheet Material Properties, and the Friction in the contact area (tool/workpiece interface). In addition, the process parameters like punch crosshead, deformation temperature, surface roughness of both punch head and sheet blank, lubricant state, and the value of the applied load. Friction in the actual contact area plays a significant effect in obtaining a high-quality part and reducing the production cost. The study provides a new idea to specify the suitable Coefficient of Friction (COF) used when forming Aluminium AA1060, taken according to Coulomb’s Friction Law and Stribeck Diagram for different lubricant states. The methodology of this research is based on the finite element analysis using ABAQUS/CAE 2020 of the Nakajima Formability Test for different Coefficients of Friction (COF) that are taken from Stribeck’s Diagram according to sheet material type, where the suitable Coefficient of Friction (COF) that achieves ISO 12004-2 condition to consider the sheet material successful in the test and valid for use in the manufacturing process. Results show that the Coefficient of Friction (COF) significantly affects the Formability behaviour and specifies the Location of Tearing (crack), where at higher (COF), the Formability of Aluminium AA1060 is decreased. The Tearing (crack) occurs near the circumference of the sample. Consequently, the sample was considered failed in the test and invalid to use in manufacturing processes. At the same time, when (COF) is low, the Formability of the sheet material increases, and tearing occur near the centre of the sample apex, so the sample is considered successful in the test and valid to use in the manufacturing process according to ISO 12004-2.","PeriodicalId":270620,"journal":{"name":"Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias","volume":"38 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141356839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. S. Raj, James Zachariah, M. V. Amirtharaj, M. Prasanna, P. Ranjith, Dr. William Castillo-González
{"title":"Role of yogic practice influence the psychological factors in the development of women sports","authors":"N. S. Raj, James Zachariah, M. V. Amirtharaj, M. Prasanna, P. Ranjith, Dr. William Castillo-González","doi":"10.56294/sctconf2024888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024888","url":null,"abstract":"The involvement of women in sports in India is generally low owing to a dearth of spectator interest and inadequate coverage of women's sports. Factors such as women's limited access to education, societal perceptions of women in sports, self-esteem, self-confidence, menstruation abnormalities, self-image or body image, gender role orientation, and competitiveness should all be taken into account. Yoga is sometimes seen as not being a sport, although it is really a physical exercise that follows rules, can be done competitively, and has measurable outcomes. Multiple reasons contribute to the low engagement of women in sports throughout society. Family has a profound impact, often initiating early engagement in sports, although this differs according to gender. Female participation in sports is often seen unfavorably. Societal attitudes and biases are another factor that impacts sports participation. For instance, many girls refrain from engaging in certain hobbies out of concern that they would be seen as masculine. This is because societal attitudes and biases about sexuality hinder females from participating. Female athletes possess psychological traits that include gender role orientation in several sports, including wrestling, weight lifting, and bodybuilding. These activities have traditionally been deemed unsuitable for women due to the possible adverse consequences of masculinization. Intensive training contributes to the improvement of self-esteem, self-image, and body image. Engaging in athletic activities also aids in the promotion of positive body image. It enhances body contour and promotes a harmonious physique, thereby enhancing self-perception. Yoga enhances strength, flexibility, and balance, all of which are vital for athletes. The majority of yoga postures are essential for enhancing strength, improving the range of motion, mobility, and coordination in athletic performance, as well as preventing injuries.","PeriodicalId":270620,"journal":{"name":"Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141357225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Al-Khafaji, Muhammed Salah Sadiq Al-kafaji, Bashar J. Hamza, A. H. Duhis
{"title":"Wireless digital smart energy meter based on gsm/sms technology","authors":"T. Al-Khafaji, Muhammed Salah Sadiq Al-kafaji, Bashar J. Hamza, A. H. Duhis","doi":"10.56294/sctconf2024876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024876","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional energy meter and manual billing system are considered complex and have many problems, including inaccuracy, ease of manipulation, and failure to pay bills on time, leading to financial losses and waste of energy and time. Additionally, it requires a large number of human operators. This paper proposes the design and implementation of a wireless single-phase smart digital energy meter based on GSM/SMS communication technology. This proposed system consists of two main parts: the consumer unit, which represents the smart meter (SM), and the control unit, which represents the server unit (SU), in addition to the (RFID) recharge system. This meter relies on GSM mobile network technology, using the SMS service between the consumer meter, control center, and the consumer's personal mobile phone to inform them about energy consumption and balance. Energy consumption information and meter readings are automatically sent wirelessly to the control center.","PeriodicalId":270620,"journal":{"name":"Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141357690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of tilt angle on PV output for solar energy optimization in Iraq","authors":"Zahraa Ibrahim, Mohanned Aljanabi","doi":"10.56294/sctconf2024871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024871","url":null,"abstract":"It has been established through investigation that the optimal inclination of photovoltaic (PV) modules is a critical factor for harnessing the maximal quantity of solar radiation impinging upon solar arrays. The specificity of the requisite angle for each site is underscored, contingent upon the solar trajectory over daily, monthly, and annual cycles. The determination of this optimal angle is imperative for maximizing the yield from solar PV systems within the confines of Iraq. Worldwide locales have seen the application of varied methodologies for ascertaining the correct tilt angle. The efficacy of PV systems is observed to be significantly influenced by whether a fixed or a tracking system is employed to modulate the tilt angle. The present manuscript delineates the contemporary state of research and praxis pertaining to the influence of tilt angle on PV output, employing an array of optimization techniques. Furthermore, the work offers a disquisition on the determination of the most advantageous tilt angle to optimize energy acquisition in Iraq. The inquiry reveals that an optimal tilt angle for Iraq is discerned to be 38.3. This compendium is intended to augment the compendium of knowledge available to designers and scholars endeavoring to pinpoint the most favorable tilt angle for solar PV systems in any given Iraqi locale.","PeriodicalId":270620,"journal":{"name":"Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141360741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of using river water magnetization on corn yield and the properties of irrigation water and soil","authors":"Alaa Imad Hameed, Nadira Abbas Mohammad","doi":"10.56294/sctconf2024874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024874","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at studying the effect of using two different intensities of magnetization of irrigation water on some properties of irrigation water and soil and on the yield of corn. The field of corn is divided into three sectors (R1: non-magnetized river water, R2: magnetized river water with 1000 gauss, R3: magnetized river water with 3000 gauss. Examinations are made on the physical and chemical properties of the irrigation water, EC, PH, anions and cations for both water and soil as well as the productivity of the corn plant. The results indicate that the magnetization of irrigation water with an intensity of 1000 gauss (R2) had a positive effect on all properties of soil, water and moisture content in addition to productivity. Where the value of total dissolved salts (TDS), EC, and the values of K, Na, Mg, and Ca ions decreased for irrigation water. While the PH value of irrigation water increased at R2, this increase in pH may be due to the formation of more bicarbonate, calcium and hydroxide ions, which reduce acidity. With stability the value of these characteristics at the intensity of 3000 gauss (R3), the matter which indicates that this intensity is not useful for improving water properties. An increase in the value of (N, B, K) was observed in both leaves and seeds of corn when magnetized at an intensity of 1000 gauss. The magnetization of irrigation water at an intensity of 1000 gauss increases the yield of corn plant more than the magnetized 3000 gauss.","PeriodicalId":270620,"journal":{"name":"Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias","volume":"85 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141359589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdullah Ahmed Shekho, Dheyaa Ghanim Abdulrazzaq, Mohammad Akram Saadi AL-DABBAGH
{"title":"Investigation of flow hydraulic gradient through self-spillway dams","authors":"Abdullah Ahmed Shekho, Dheyaa Ghanim Abdulrazzaq, Mohammad Akram Saadi AL-DABBAGH","doi":"10.56294/sctconf2024875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024875","url":null,"abstract":"Dams are hydraulic structures constructed across rivers in order to store or rise water level for multi-purposes such as irrigation and power generation. The upstream face of the dam is subjected to water drag force which makes possible of flow seepage through the dam body. In the present study, the difference in water level between upstream and downstream sides of a rock-fill dam is investigated under different flow conditions demonstrating the flow behavior through the dam body. Two well graded samples of river aggregates with d50 of 56 mm and 40 mm are used to build the dam model. One sample of poor graded crushed rocks of d50 33 mm is included as well. The obtained results show that due to the porosity of the gabion containing the aggregates, the hydraulic gradient line dropped down significantly where it is inversely proportional to the porosity non-linear relationships for all. In addition, a linear relationship has dominated on the relation between upstream water depth and discharge through the self-spillway dam with and without impermeable core.","PeriodicalId":270620,"journal":{"name":"Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias","volume":"79 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141357864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Senthil K Nathan, A. Sumathi, Tharun S Raaghav, Dr. William Castillo-González
{"title":"The managerial skills in the game of roll ball - An indigenous game of india","authors":"Senthil K Nathan, A. Sumathi, Tharun S Raaghav, Dr. William Castillo-González","doi":"10.56294/sctconf2024879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024879","url":null,"abstract":"Roll Ball is an indigenous game of India. Roll Ball is a dynamic game blending roller skates, basketball, handball, and throwball, played between two teams of twelve players. The objective is to score goals within a set timeframe. It allows ball handling with one or both hands, bouncing repeatedly. Invented by Raju Dabhade in 2003, it's governed by the International Roll Ball Federation, emphasizing balance, speed, accuracy, and teamwork. With six World Cup matches held, Roll Ball has garnered global attention and become a beloved sport among youth. In roll ball, referees have the authority to make decisions on the field, according to the rule of Roll Ball. The good or bad decision of a referee could change the result of the game. Refereeing is a very critical task. The role of referees and players on the field of play demonstrates many more managerial skills. Management is a term is meant not only for companies, but also for sports. This conceptual paper describes the managerial skills being utilized either knowingly or unknowingly by the players and referees.","PeriodicalId":270620,"journal":{"name":"Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141359301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beeraka Chalapathi, G. Rajini, Dr. William Castillo-González
{"title":"Millennial consumer’s stance toward sustainable fashion apparel","authors":"Beeraka Chalapathi, G. Rajini, Dr. William Castillo-González","doi":"10.56294/sctconf2024885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024885","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable fashion is the emerging fashion trend in Global fashion. In India, 34% of population is a potential millennial contributing to the Indian economy. The present study examines the relationship of quality consciousness, price consciousness, availability of apparel, benefits, and Environmental concern on post-purchase behaviour of sustainable apparel and millennial consumer satisfaction. The results of a quantitative study using the Hayes process, it reveals that brands need to create more awareness of sustainable apparel among the millennial consumer. Price and perceived benefits are major influencing factors among millennial consumers.","PeriodicalId":270620,"journal":{"name":"Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias","volume":"81 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141359601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Ehsan Jassem, Mohamed Hamza Al-Maamori, Ahmed Fadhil Hamzah
{"title":"The utilization of chlorophyll and micro-lead in bio-silicon as a foundation for shielding against X-ray radiation in the medical field","authors":"Ahmed Ehsan Jassem, Mohamed Hamza Al-Maamori, Ahmed Fadhil Hamzah","doi":"10.56294/sctconf2024872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024872","url":null,"abstract":"Shielding aprons were produced using microlead with chlorophyll, which is a viable alternative to the widely used sheet lead aprons for shielding against medical radiation. A study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of five types of radiation shielding sheets composed of a blend of microlead and chlorophyll at varying concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 wt% with 35 wt%, respectively) with biosilicon as a base. A comparison was made between the transmission dosages of these sheets and a lead standard (commercial shield). The tensile strength was tested when radiation shielding sheets were being made and used the European Standard for Industry test method (IEC 61331-3:2014) for X-ray protection equipment to measure the transmission dosage. and compare the results with radiation transmitted through a lead standard that had different thicknesses (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, and 0.35 mm). These measurements were taken at tube voltages of 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 kVp. In the results, it was found that using a mixture of 150% microlead and 35% chlorophyll worked to measure a dose similar to 0.3 mm of lead. The transmission dose was 13.58 mR and 13.8 mR for sheet lead, and the density of the shield is 1.72 g/cm3. For this reason, it could be used instead of lead sheets, making it a good choice for protecting medical equipment from radiation.","PeriodicalId":270620,"journal":{"name":"Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141366381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Mahdi Ibrahim, Taher M. Ahmed, Thamir Y. Ahmed
{"title":"Developing a Novel Cold Bitumen Emulsion Mixes by Adding Geopolymer","authors":"Ahmed Mahdi Ibrahim, Taher M. Ahmed, Thamir Y. Ahmed","doi":"10.56294/sctconf2024864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024864","url":null,"abstract":"Cold bituminous emulsion mixtures (CBEMs), which are less costly, need less energy, and are more environmentally friendly, maybe can take the place of hot mix asphalt (HMA) in the future. It is known, that these mixtures have a very low initial strength, requiring longer curing times and more susceptibility to moisture damage. Geopolymer is often used in the fields of concrete and soil improvement performance. It has not been used in the field of asphalt mixtures; so, this study can be considered as the first time of using it. This study tried to make a new CBEM by incorporating the Geopolymer into the mix to improve its initial performance and enhance early strength. Geopolymer was created inside CBEM by activating the fly ash using an alkali solution. Three percentages of fly ash (1, 3, and 5%) were used for creating Geopolymer; and different curing periods (3, 7, and 14 days) were also used. Marshall stability and Indirect Tensile Strength tests were conducted to assess the mechanical properties of mixtures. The results showed that Geopolymer can be a promising material for creating cold mixes with a better initial strength compared to traditional cold mixes. Comparing CBEMs with (5% FA + 0% CF) to control CBEMs, the increase with MS was approximately (32% at 3 days, 43% at 7 days, and 37% at 14 days). The performance of cold mixes was enhanced by the addition of Geopolymer with different FA contents and curing times when compared to control CBEMs. This improvement was particularly noticeable at longer curing times and higher fly ash contents.","PeriodicalId":270620,"journal":{"name":"Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias","volume":"114 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141360852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}