Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists最新文献

{"title":"Lecturer resistance during ICTs implementation in higher education in Zimbabwe: forms and triggers","authors":"L. Sakala, W. Chigona","doi":"10.1145/3129416.3129449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3129416.3129449","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate user resistance during Information Communication Technologies' (ICTs') implementation in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Zimbabwe. User resistance is a complex phenomenon often cited as a barrier to successful implementations. It is often taken at face value and is perceived as a negative factorng which most managers strive to overcome. Many HEIs have implemented ICTs but the uptake, is low. Gaining insights on user resistance could inform implementation strategies, aimed to improve uptake of ICTs. This study employs a model of resistance as a theoretical lens to investigate user resistance in HEIs. We examine resistance behaviours during the implementation of a Learning Management System (LMS). We identify objects, initial conditions, triggers and forms of resistance. Findings show that disinterest, minimal use, refusal to use, pessimism, withdrawal, avoidance, and prioritization are key forms of resistance behaviours. We also identify delegation of duties as a unique form of resistance that falsifies acceptance. Practical implications of the study could inform implementers to develop change management strategies that take into account specific resistance behaviours.","PeriodicalId":269578,"journal":{"name":"Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129361350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated mobile veld fire detection and sharing platform for Southern Africa","authors":"N. Jere, M. Scott, A. Taruvinga","doi":"10.1145/3129416.3129439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3129416.3129439","url":null,"abstract":"While there are clear efforts towards managing veld fires, it comes as a concern that in Southern Africa, the role of local communities in fire control has weakened and veld fires have grown to be a major threat. Current systems and technologies to share veld fire information have several challenges. These include; being unable to detect burning fires in the forests, poor to almost missing veld fire local alerting systems, and malfunctioning local veld firefighting communities. Against this background, a mobile veld fire detection and sharing application prototype was developed using a qualitative data approach and experimental design. Weather data and scientific models of different areas were used to create fire-danger indices based on forecasted weather data and weather station information on the ground. These were programmed into the system to trigger alerts for the veld fire prediction component. For the identification of already burning fires, this was linked to the MODIS system of firefighting stakeholders (EMA Zimbabwe). Results revealed that conditions that promote veld fires can be predicted and local residents can thus be warned instantly to avoid activities that cause fires. For already burning fires, the mobile application was able to instantly communicate to users registered to the system.","PeriodicalId":269578,"journal":{"name":"Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131752184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"e-government social exclusion and satisfaction among Namibian citizens: a case of a Namibian government ministry","authors":"K. Fröhlich, Anicia N. Peters","doi":"10.1145/3129416.3129435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3129416.3129435","url":null,"abstract":"The literature shows a growth in the number of publications on e-Government in some African countries, but little is known on e-Government in Namibia. Furthermore, few studies evaluated e-Government from the citizens' perspective in an African context. The study argues that the focus on e-Government has to shift to the citizens' viewpoint and determine the impact on different segments of the population. Accordingly, this study investigates factors contributing to social exclusion in Namibia. Namibia has an e-Government framework for the years 2014 to 2018 and hence there is a need to evaluate the progress on e-Government implementation. The study is an exploratory case study in a governmental Ministry using questionnaires and interviews. Participants included citizens seeking services and government officials providing the services. The findings include the need for e-government services to be interactive, accessible and available on mobile phones.","PeriodicalId":269578,"journal":{"name":"Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists","volume":"804 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123288283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bantuweb: a digital library for resource scarce South African languages","authors":"A. Holy, Alon Bresler, Osher Shuman, Catherine Chavula, H. Suleman","doi":"10.1145/3129416.3129446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3129416.3129446","url":null,"abstract":"South Africa is a linguistically diverse country: it is a home to 11 official languages of which nine, excluding English and Afrikaans, are Resource Scarce Languages (RSLs). Accordingly, many South Africans struggle to access information written in their native languages on the Web. Unfortunately, lack of access to information hinders social economic growth. This paper proposes a Web based digital library to act as a central repository for content written in these languages that is crawled from the Web, and generated or contributed by a community of users. Gamification features have been incorporated into the digital library to motivate users to contribute content to strengthen the collection of resources and to increase community participation. Specifically, the paper: (i) proposes a ranking algorithm, smart interleaving, to aggregate and rank multilingual search results effectively from collections of varying size; and (ii) investigates which gamification features, among leaderboard, notifications, virtual points and level, motivate users to contribute content in the context of South African RSLs. The results show that users were motivated to contribute more content to reach the next level than improving their leaderboard ranking or virtual points. Further, the overall results on merging and ranking multilingual search results show no significant improvement in using smart interleaving.","PeriodicalId":269578,"journal":{"name":"Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128140878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ARrowhead: a mobile augmented reality application using wi-fi positioning for indoor contexts","authors":"Tomas Knoetze, Mosiuoa Tsietsi","doi":"10.1145/3129416.3129452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3129416.3129452","url":null,"abstract":"Location based services (LBS) targeted at the smartphone market are increasing in prevalence and have given rise to a plethora of location-aware applications for both indoor and outdoor contexts. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is used extensively in many of these applications for location mapping, however GPS is known to have serious limitations indoors due to signal blocking. In this work, Wi-Fi Positioning Systems (WPS) are explored with the aim of identifying a suitable alternative that works well indoors. This paper details the design of a WPS whose positioning component includes the use of trilateration and variants of the k-nearest neighbour algorithm. The resulting positioning component was tested indoors in two separate environments of different sizes, yielding an accuracy of within 1.6 m in the best-case scenario, which greatly outperforms GPS under similar conditions. Arguably, the positioning component can form the basis for any number of LBS, however in this paper; its use in supporting Augmented Reality (AR) is explored. The AR component incorporates context and preference features and permits the exploration of indoor physical spaces while layering graphical content onto the standby camera display. The resulting application was coined ARrowhead. ARrowhead was tested qualitatively and verified to perform as expected. The prototype provides a foundation for further development.","PeriodicalId":269578,"journal":{"name":"Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116587880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of facial feature representation methods for automatic facial expression recognition","authors":"Waleed Deaney, I. Venter, Mehrdad Ghaziasgar, Reg Dodds","doi":"10.1145/3129416.3129455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3129416.3129455","url":null,"abstract":"A machine translation system that can convert South African Sign Language video to English audio or text and vice versa in real-time would be immensely beneficial to the Deaf and hard of hearing. Sign language gestures are characterised and expressed by five distinct parameters: hand location; hand orientation; hand shape; hand movement and facial expressions.\u0000 The aim of this research is to recognise facial expressions and to compare the following feature descriptors: local binary patterns; compound local binary patterns and histogram of oriented gradients in two testing environments, a subset of the BU3D-FE dataset and the CK+ dataset. The overall accuracy, accuracy across facial expression classes, robustness to test subjects, and the ability to generalise of each feature descriptor within the context of automatic facial expression recognition are analysed as part of the comparison procedure. Overall, HOG proved to be a more robust feature descriptor to the LBP and CLBP. Furthermore, the CLBP can generally be considered to be superior to the LBP, but the LBP has greater potential in terms of its ability to generalise.","PeriodicalId":269578,"journal":{"name":"Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124381917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head mouse: generalisability of research focused on the disabled to able bodied users","authors":"R. C. Fouché","doi":"10.1145/3129416.3129442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3129416.3129442","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses a study which aimed to determine whether the results obtained from studies focusing on users with disabilities are comparable with the results from users without disabilities for head operated cursor control. Four categories of research findings were investigated namely: the optimum sensitivity setting, the amount of neck fatigue, learnability and the level of user satisfaction. A shooting genre game was developed, and a task was included during development to simulate gaming actions with moving targets. Data for four efficiency metrics was gathered during two phases of user testing. The low sensitivity setting resulted in the fastest gameplay for users without disabilities, which contradicted research results from studies focusing on individuals with disabilities. It was also found that the amount of neck fatigue decreased after several sessions for users without disabilities. The efficient use of the head mouse by individuals without disabilities showed significant improvement over time for certain elements, indicating that learning took place. The level of user satisfaction also increased with extended use of the head mouse by individuals without disabilities. Although some findings can be generalized to both types of users, this study shows that new knowledge was gained in terms of able bodied use of a head mouse.","PeriodicalId":269578,"journal":{"name":"Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists","volume":"80 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120886023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An electronic patient records management impact assessment framework based on nurses perceptions: a Namibian case","authors":"R. Karon, N. Dlodlo","doi":"10.1145/3129416.3131472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3129416.3131472","url":null,"abstract":"Health organizations are increasingly investing in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for benefits related to work-process-optimization. One of these benefits is the efficient management of patient records through the use of Electronic Health Records (EHR). An EHR can be referred to as electronic Patient Records Management (PRM). With electronic PRM the process of creation, retrieval, storage and even billing of patients and patient information are aided and automated by ICT. Impact assessment studies on ICT, in particular electronic PRM, are necessary to support investment efforts. An impact assessment would gauge the change brought about by the use of technologies such as electronic PRM systems. In the healthcare setting, nurses are primarily responsible for the day-to-day operations and monitoring of the health progress and care-giving of patients. As such, they could be considered primary aid to patients. The Ministry of Health and Social Services (MOHSS) in Namibia has not conducted impact assessment on electronic PRM specifically from nurses perceptions, as no such framework exists. The lack of such a framework for impact assessment purposes could be a challenge in supporting investment decisions towards ICT in the public healthcare sector. The aim of this research paper was to design an electronic PRM impact assessment framework from a perception of nurses. The Windhoek Central Hospital was used as a case study. An interpretive approach was selected for the research paradigm in this study. Qualitative data gathering from participants of the public healthcare was possible because of this approach. The modes of data collection consisted of semi structured interviews and questionnaires. A total of 36 questionnaires were distributed to nurses as the primary users of the electronic PRM system in Windhoek Central Hospital. Additionally, two interviews were conducted. A thematic analysis of data was conducted on the information from the interviews and questionnaires. The result of the study was a framework consisting of key players namely nurses and the electronic PRM system with factors linking the key players. The factors are efficiency and key values of the electronic PRM system.","PeriodicalId":269578,"journal":{"name":"Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128935284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Video on demand in a high bandwidth world","authors":"P. Machanick","doi":"10.1145/3129416.3129424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3129416.3129424","url":null,"abstract":"Video on Demand (VoD) is a challenging area requiring complex server and distributed systems architectures. In this paper I describe an alternative implementation of VoD that exploits the growing affordability of fibre bandwidth to remove the latency problems of scaling up VoD. I call the general principle Information Mass Transit (IMT). By analogy with regular mass transit, making all traffic move in bulk without individual service variation makes for a much more efficient system. The core idea is to broadcast the same movie repeatedly at short intervals. To explicate the design, I set this interval at 1 minute, implying a latency of up to a minute to start a movie. However, this latency can be disguised if a user has a catalogue of movies that includes the first minute of each. Provided the number of users is much higher than the number of movies, this approach is affordable in terms of bandwidth and totally removes any need for servers or network infrastructure, beyond new connections for new users, to scale with the number of users. I call this approach Scalable Architecture for Video on Demand or SAVoD.","PeriodicalId":269578,"journal":{"name":"Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists","volume":"377 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114002338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of heuristics for usability evaluation of m-commerce applications","authors":"A. S. Ajibola, L. Goosen","doi":"10.1145/3129416.3129428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3129416.3129428","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of M-Commerce applications is becoming a must for both business and usability professionals. Heuristics evaluation of M-Commerce application seems to be a way out, but traditional heuristics were developed without any consideration for mobile computing. Therefore, the need to have domain specific heuristics is gradually gaining popularity, which have led to the development of domain specific heuristics for M-Health, M-Games and M-Museums, among others. In the light of this, there is a literature gap for the development of domain specific heuristics for M-Commerce applications, which this study seeks to address. The study presents the set of heuristics for M-Commerce applications in a pattern that is similar to traditional heuristics, but with much emphasis on the context of use. The study serves as initial work on the development of domain specific heuristics for the evaluation of M-Commerce applications. The proposed heuristics could be of benefit to usability professionals, significantly reducing the cost and enhancing the outcome of usability evaluations in the context of","PeriodicalId":269578,"journal":{"name":"Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129878288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}