ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic)最新文献

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Regional Economic Impact of COVID-19: The Role of Sectoral Structure and Trade Linkages 2019冠状病毒病的区域经济影响:部门结构和贸易联系的作用
ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3797148
Philipp Meinen, Roberta Serafini, Ottavia Papagalli
{"title":"Regional Economic Impact of COVID-19: The Role of Sectoral Structure and Trade Linkages","authors":"Philipp Meinen, Roberta Serafini, Ottavia Papagalli","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3797148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3797148","url":null,"abstract":"The paper provides an ex-post analysis of the determinants of within-country regional heterogeneity of the labour market impact of COVID-19. By focussing on the first wave of the pandemic in the four largest euro area economies, it finds that the propagation of the economic impact across regions cannot be explained by the spread of infections only. Instead, a region’s economic structure is a significant driver of the observed heterogeneity. Moreover, our results suggest that a region's trade relations, both within and across countries, represent a relevant indirect channel through which COVID-19 related disruptions affect regional economic activity. In this regard, the analysis depicts vulnerabilities arising from potential disruptions of the highly integrated EU supply chains.","PeriodicalId":269524,"journal":{"name":"ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133663116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Global Impacts of Us Monetary Policy Uncertainty Shocks 美国货币政策不确定性冲击的全球影响
ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3797133
Povilas Lastauskas, Anh Dinh Minh Nguyen
{"title":"Global Impacts of Us Monetary Policy Uncertainty Shocks","authors":"Povilas Lastauskas, Anh Dinh Minh Nguyen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3797133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3797133","url":null,"abstract":"We build a new empirical model to estimate the global impact of an increase in the volatility of US monetary policy shocks. Specifically, we admit time-varying variances of local structural shocks from a stochastic volatility specification. By allowing for rich dynamic interaction between the endogenous variables and time-varying volatility in the global setting, we find that US interest rate uncertainty not only drives local output and inflation volatility, but also causes declines in output, inflation, and the interest rate. Moreover, we document strong global impacts, making the world move in a very synchronous way. Crucially, spillback effects are found to be significant even for the US economy.","PeriodicalId":269524,"journal":{"name":"ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126090530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Statistical Decision Functions with Judgment 具有判断的统计决策函数
ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3797131
S. Manganelli
{"title":"Statistical Decision Functions with Judgment","authors":"S. Manganelli","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3797131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3797131","url":null,"abstract":"A decision maker tests whether the gradient of the loss function evaluated at a judgmental decision is zero. If the test does not reject, the action is the judgmental decision. If the test rejects, the action sets the gradient equal to the boundary of the rejection region. This statistical decision rule is admissible and conditions on the sample realization. The confidence level reflects the decision maker’s aversion to statistical uncertainty. The decision rule is applied to a problem of asset allocation.","PeriodicalId":269524,"journal":{"name":"ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126798292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Text-Based Recession Probabilities 基于文本的衰退概率
ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3797136
Helena Le Mezo, M. Ferrari
{"title":"Text-Based Recession Probabilities","authors":"Helena Le Mezo, M. Ferrari","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3797136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3797136","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a new methodology based on textual analysis to forecast U.S. recessions. Specifically, the paper develops an index in the spirit of Baker et al. (2016) and Caldara and Iacoviello (2018) which tracks developments in U.S. real activity. When used in a standard recession probability model, the index outperforms the yield curve based forecast, a standard method to forecast recessions, at medium horizons, up to 8 months. Moreover, the index contains information not included in yield data that are useful to understand recession episodes. When included as an additional control to the slope of the yield curve, it improves the forecast accuracy by 5% to 30% depending on the horizon. These results are stable to a number of different robustness checks, including changes to the estimation method, the definition of recessions and controlling for asset purchases by major central banks. Yield and textual analysis data also outperform other popular leading indicators for the U.S. business cycle such as PMIs, consumers' surveys or employment data.","PeriodicalId":269524,"journal":{"name":"ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic)","volume":" 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120832220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The COVID-19 Crisis and Consumption: Survey Evidence from Six EU Countries COVID-19危机与消费:来自六个欧盟国家的调查证据
ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3751097
Dimitris Christelis, Dimitris Georgarakos, T. Jappelli, G. Kenny
{"title":"The COVID-19 Crisis and Consumption: Survey Evidence from Six EU Countries","authors":"Dimitris Christelis, Dimitris Georgarakos, T. Jappelli, G. Kenny","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3751097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3751097","url":null,"abstract":"Using new panel data from a representative survey of households in the six largest euro area economies, the paper estimates the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on consumption. The panel provides, each month, household-specific indicators of the concern about finances due to Covid-19 from the first peak of the pandemic until October 2020. The results show that this concern causes a significant reduction in non-durable consumption. The paper also explores the potential impact on consumption of government interventions and of another wave of Covid-19, using household-level consumption adjustments to scenarios that involve positive and negative income shocks. Fears of the financial consequences of the pandemic induce a significant reduction in the marginal propensity to consume, an effect consistent with models of precautionary saving and liquidity constraints. The results are robust to endogeneity concerns through use of panel fixed effects and partial identification methods, which account also for time-varying unobservable variables, and provide informative identification regions of the average treatment effect of the concern for Covid-19 under weak assumptions.","PeriodicalId":269524,"journal":{"name":"ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic)","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122671868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 36
Whatever it Takes to Save the Planet? Central Banks and Unconventional Green Policy 不惜一切代价拯救地球?中央银行和非常规绿色政策
ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3827496
A. Ferrari, Valerio Nispi Landi
{"title":"Whatever it Takes to Save the Planet? Central Banks and Unconventional Green Policy","authors":"A. Ferrari, Valerio Nispi Landi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3827496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3827496","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We study the transmission mechanism of a Green QE, defined as a policy that tilts the central bank’s balance sheet toward green bonds, that is bonds issued by non-polluting firms. We merge a DSGE framework with an environmental model, in which CO2 emissions increase the stock of atmospheric carbon, which in turn decreases total factor productivity. Imperfect substitutability between green and brown bonds is a necessary condition for the effectiveness of Green QE. However, even under this assumption, the effect of Green QE in reducing emissions is negligible and in some cases close to nil.","PeriodicalId":269524,"journal":{"name":"ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131914493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 66
Reversal Interest Rate and Macroprudential Policy 逆转利率与宏观审慎政策
ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.2866/907199
Matthieu Darracq Pariès, Christoffer Kok
{"title":"Reversal Interest Rate and Macroprudential Policy","authors":"Matthieu Darracq Pariès, Christoffer Kok","doi":"10.2866/907199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2866/907199","url":null,"abstract":"Could a monetary policy loosening entail the opposite effect than the intended expansionary impact in a low interest rate environment? We demonstrate that the risk of hitting the rate at which the effect reverses depends on the capitalization of the banking sector by using a non-linear macroeconomic model calibrated to the euro area economy. The framework suggests that the reversal interest rate is located in negative territory of around −1% per annum. The possibility of the reversal interest rate creates a novel motive for macroprudential policy. We show that macroprudential policy in the form of a countercyclical capital buffer, which prescribes the build-up of buffers in good times, can mitigate substantially the probability of encountering the reversal rate, improves welfare and reduces economic fluctuations. This new motive emphasizes also the strategic complementarities between monetary policy and macroprudential policy. JEL Classification: E32, E44, E52, E58, G21","PeriodicalId":269524,"journal":{"name":"ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125527822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Borrowing Constraints, Own Labour and Homeownership: Does it Pay to Paint Your Walls? 借贷限制、自有劳动力和房屋所有权:粉刷墙壁值得吗?
ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3703657
P. Lindner, Thomas Y. Mathä, Giuseppe Pulina, Michael Ziegelmeyer
{"title":"Borrowing Constraints, Own Labour and Homeownership: Does it Pay to Paint Your Walls?","authors":"P. Lindner, Thomas Y. Mathä, Giuseppe Pulina, Michael Ziegelmeyer","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3703657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3703657","url":null,"abstract":"Using a dedicated set of questions in the 2014 Luxembourg Household Finance and Consumption Survey (LU-HFCS), we show that a substantial share of households contributes their own labour to the acquisition of their main residence. These contributions help households faced with credit constraints, since they reduce the need for external financing. We develop a simple theoretical model and show that own labour contributions decrease with the level of financial resources available, while they increase with the mortgage interest rate. These theoretical results are supported by empirical analysis, which also shows that own labour contributions vary by household characteristics (age, gender, profession) and by type of dwelling (house, apartment). JEL Classification: D14, E43, G21, R21","PeriodicalId":269524,"journal":{"name":"ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130052469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Wage-Price Pass-Through in the Euro Area: Does the Growth Regime Matter? 欧元区的工资-价格传递:增长机制重要吗?
ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3721989
E. Hahn
{"title":"The Wage-Price Pass-Through in the Euro Area: Does the Growth Regime Matter?","authors":"E. Hahn","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3721989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3721989","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores whether the transmission mechanism between wages and prices in the euro area is affected by the growth regime. Since the great financial crisis inflation developments have posed major puzzles to economists as inflation declined by less than was widely expected during the past recessions and rose by less during the subsequent recoveries. This paper analyses whether the wage-price pass-through may have contributed to these inflation puzzles. Applying the Threshold VAR model proposed by Alessandri and Mumtaz (2017) to the analysis of the wage-price pass-through, the paper examines whether the transmission mechanim of different types of shocks differs between recessions and expansions. The results point to differences in the wage-price pass-through between growth regimes for demand shocks but not for wage mark-up shocks. They show a much smaller response of prices relative to wages, i.e. a smaller wage-price pass-through, for demand shocks in recessions than in expansions. This is accounted for by a smaller relative response of profit margins. More generally, the results suggest that the slope of the price Phillips curve flattens in recessions on account of the lower wage-price pass-through, while the wage Phillips curve appears to be broadly stable across growth regimes. Overall, the results contribute to solve or diminish the puzzle of the missing disinflation of the past two recessions suggesting that inflation should be expected to recede by less during recessions than indicated by standard linear models.","PeriodicalId":269524,"journal":{"name":"ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127352749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Spillover Effects in International Business Cycles 国际经济周期的溢出效应
ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3729957
Máximo Camacho, Matías Pacce, Gabriel Pérez-Quirós
{"title":"Spillover Effects in International Business Cycles","authors":"Máximo Camacho, Matías Pacce, Gabriel Pérez-Quirós","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3729957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3729957","url":null,"abstract":"To analyze the international transmission of business cycle fluctuations, we propose a new multilevel dynamic factor model with a block structure that (i) does not restrict the factors to being orthogonal and (ii) mixes data sampled at quarterly and monthly frequencies. By means of Monte Carlo simulations, we show the high performance of the model in computing inferences of the unobserved factors, accounting for the spillover effects, and estimating the model's parameters. We apply our proposal to data from the G7 economies by analyzing the responses of national factors to shocks in foreign factors and by quantifying the changes in national GDP expectations in response to unexpected positive changes in foreign GDPs. Although the share of the world factor as a source of the international transmission of fluctuations is still significant, this is partially absorbed by the spillover transmissions. In addition, we document a pro-cyclical channel of international transmission of output growth expectations, with the US and UK being the countries that generate the greatest spillovers and Germany and Japan being the countries that generate the smallest spillovers. Therefore, policymakers should closely monitor the evolution of foreign business cycle expectations. JEL Classification: E32, C22, F42, F41","PeriodicalId":269524,"journal":{"name":"ECB: Working Paper Series (Topic)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132662130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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